Deck 29: Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965-1985

Question 1

Between 1965 and 1985, did new technologies and new scientific discoveries do more to benefit or to harm the planet and its inhabitants? Explain.

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Discuss the causes and consequences of the protest movements of the 1960s, including successes and failures.

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
permissive society

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

What domestic social, political, and economic factors impacted the development of Western civilization between 1965 and 1985? What developments were the result of the West's interactions with the rest of the world?

Question 5

In what ways does the feminist movement between 1965 and 1985 resemble the feminist movement of the nineteenth century? How did the two differ in their goals and methods?

Question 6

What major economic problems and consequences plagued the West during the 1970s? How did the U.S., Europe, and the Soviet Union each attempt to resolve these problems? Which country or policies had the greatest success and why?

Question 7

Taking into consideration the entire spectrum of human affairs, what was Western Civilization's greatest challenge between 1965 and 1985? Why do you think this was more challenging than other important issues of the day?

Question 8

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Lech Walesa and Solidarity

Question 9

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Brezhnev Doctrine

Question 10

Discuss the impact of the birth control pill and the sexual revolution upon western society. Give examples.

Question 11

Would it be accurate to say that all, or at least most, of the popular culture of this period was Postmodern? Explain.

Question 12

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Antiwar protests and Kent State

Question 13

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
University of Nanterre, 1968

Question 14

Compare and contrast the American war in Vietnam and the Soviet Union's conflict in Afghanistan. In what ways were they similar? In what ways were they markedly different?

Question 15

Identify and discuss the causes and consequences of the student rebellions of the 1960s and 1970s.

Question 16

What are the ideas associated with Marshall McLuhan's 1960s concept of the "global village"? Has he been an accurate forecaster of events from the vantage point of the early twenty-first century?

Question 17

Would "Americanization" be the proper word to use when describing the popular culture of the Western world since World War II? Why and/or why not? Be specific.

Question 18

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Timothy Leary and LSD

Question 19

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Betty Friedan's Feminine Mystique

Question 20

Were the ongoing processes of globalization doing more to benefit the interests of the few or the many? Be sure to provide evidence from the chapter for the answer.

Question 21

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Green parties

Question 22

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
"evil empire"

Question 23

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
stagflation

Question 24

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
France's François Mitterrand

Question 25

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Helsinki Accords (1975)

Question 26

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Antiballistic Missile Treaty (1972)

Question 27

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Willy Brandt and Ostpolitik

Question 28

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
the Prague Spring

Question 29

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
feminism

Question 30

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
the "Reagan revolution" and "supply-side economics"

Question 31

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
domino theory

Question 32

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
the European Community/EC

Question 33

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
détente

Question 34

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Ayatollah Khomeini and American hostages

Question 35

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Mao Zedong and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

Question 36

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
the Vietcong

Question 37

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Watergate

Question 38

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
the Berlin Wall

Question 39

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Chernobyl, 1986

Question 40

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
Margaret Thatcher

Question 41

Which nation took the initial lead in the sexual revolution of the 1960s?

A)the United States
B)France
C)Italy
D)Sweden
E)the Soviet Union

Question 42

What best describes the Soviet Union under Leonid Brezhnev?

A)It was completely shut off from Western influences.
B)It stressed worker incentives and increased efficiency in industrial production.
C)It saw heavy industry decline with improvement in agriculture.
D)It threatened to go to war against the People's Republic of China.
E)It had reached parity with the U.S. in nuclear arms, and it allowed some access to Western music and art.

Question 43

After his election as first secretary of the Communist party in Czechoslovakia, Alexander Dubcek introduced reforms promoting

A)freedom of speech and the press.
B)free access to Western television shows, music and art.
C)increased secret police activities.
D)bans on travel abroad.
E)censorship of all media.

Question 44

In 1966, ____ was founded, with a goal of bringing "women into full participation in the mainstream of American society.

A)Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
B)the sexual revolution
C)the feminist movement
D)the Feminine Mystique
E)National Organization for Women (NOW)

Question 45

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
rap and Grandmaster Flash

Question 46

A popular slogan of the youth movement of the 1960s was

A)"The Times They Are A Changin'"
B)"Life's a beach."
C)"Dump Nixon"
D)"Make Love, Not War."
E)"We are the flower children."

Question 47

East German leader Erich Honecker is best known for

A)ordering the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961.
B)establishing a virtual dictatorship by using the Stasi or secret police in the 1970s and 1980s.
C)endorsing the political unification of West and East Germany in the late 1980s.
D)leading an unsuccessful independence movement from the Soviet Union in 1953.
E)dismantling the Berlin Wall.

Question 48

According to the ____ embraced by President Johnson and his policymakers, if Vietnam fell to the communists, other Asian countries would also fall.

A)Vietnamization policy
B)containment policy
C)troop escalation theory
D)domino theory
E)State Protection Authority Program

Question 49

Student radicalism in the 1960s was motivated by all of these reasons EXCEPT

A)the Vietnam War.
B)Western society's growing materialism.
C)fear of becoming a cog in Western society's bureaucracies.
D)desire for more democratic decision-making within universities.
E)demand for sexual freedom on campuses.

Question 50

In The Feminine Mystique, ____ argued that women in the 1950s were kept from reaching their full human potential.

A)Rachel Carson
B)Betty Ford
C)Simone de Beauvoir
D)Kathleen Windsor
E)Betty Friedan

Question 51

What was true about Playboy magazine when it first launched in the 1950s?

A)It had no nudity.
B)It featured images but very little text.
C)It encouraged men to spice up their married sex lives.
D)It encouraged men to find sexual satisfaction outside their marriages.
E)It was banned in its first year.

Question 52

The "permissive society" is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A)sexual freedom.
B)experimentation with drugs.
C)decriminalization of homosexuality.
D)increasing rates of divorce.
E)declining rates of divorce.

Question 53

All of these statements about Margaret Thatcher are true EXCEPT

A)she was the first female British prime minister.
B)she pledged to increase social welfare programs.
C)she was nicknamed the "Iron Lady."
D)she broke the power of labor unions in England.
E)she implemented economic programs that aided parts of England while others suffered.

Question 54

Who was the West German chancellor whose policy of Ostpolitik improved relations with East Germany?

A)Willy Brandt
B)Konrad Adenauer
C)Helmut Kohl
D)Helmut Schmidt
E)Walter Ulbricht

Question 55

Student protests in Europe backfired to an extent as

A)some people detested what they saw as the lawlessness of the privileged.
B)too many people died during protests in 1968.
C)the students themselves began to have doubts.
D)the full police powers of the states of Europe were brought down upon the protesters.
E)their university funding was withdrawn.

Question 56

What is true about the Solidarity movement in Poland?

A)It was temporarily crushed by General Lech Walesa in 1981.
B)It failed to gain massive support due to stiff opposition from the conservative Catholic church.
C)It was formed by Wladyslaw Gomulka in 1956.
D)It lacked solidarity and quickly disintegrated and disappeared in 1980.
E)It was outlawed in 1981 and its leaders arrested.

Question 57

What is true of the "Prague Spring" in Czechoslovakia?

A)It permanently ended communism.
B)It successfully established a long-lasting democratic government.
C)It was shortly brought to an end by the Red Army.
D)It received support and sympathy from East Germany and Romania.
E)It had the support of Mikhail Gorbachev.

Question 58

What was a provision of the Brezhnev Doctrine?

A)The Soviet Union promised to clean up its international reputation.
B)The Soviets attempted to roll back capitalism everywhere.
C)More political freedoms were granted at home.
D)The Eastern bloc countries were set free from Moscow's control.
E)The Soviets declared the right of intervention if a socialist state was threatened.

Question 59

College and university students in the 1960s opposed all of these conditions in higher education EXCEPT

A)declining enrollments.
B)lack of relevant educational content.
C)crowded classrooms.
D)authoritarian administrators.
E)inattentive professors.

Question 60

The Ohio National Guard killed four student protesters in 1970 at

A)the Ohio State University.
B)the University of Ohio.
C)Bowling Green State University.
D)the University of Toledo.
E)Kent State University.

Question 61

What was the doctrine that eased Cold War tensions in the 1970s?

A)Containment
B)Détente
C)Mutually assured destruction (MAD)
D)Star Wars
E)The domino theory

Question 62

What ultimately sealed Jimmy Carter's defeat in the 1980 presidential election?

A)The collapse of oil prices
B)His pardoning of Richard Nixon
C)The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
D)The troubled economy
E)His inability to gain the release of American hostages held in Iran

Question 63

What was the name of the Chinese communist movement in the 1960s and 1970s that aimed to crush "the four olds"?

A)"The Great Leap Forward"
B)"Socialism in One Country"
C)"All Power to the People"
D)"The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution"
E)"The May Fourth Movement"

Question 64

What was true about the outcome of the Vietnam War?

A)It was resolved in 1975 with the Helsinki Agreements.
B)It ended in 1973 with the defeat of North Korea.
C)It showed the limitations of American power, and led to improved Soviet-American relations.
D)It marked the beginning of the total domination of Southeast Asia by the Soviet Union.
E)It led to an immediate end of the Cold War in 1975 with the final withdrawal of Americans from Vietnam.

Question 65

As the European Community expanded in the 1970s and 1980s,

A)Great Britain withdrew its membership.
B)the United States sought to join as an honorary member.
C)Greece, Spain, and Portugal joined its ranks.
D)Denmark sought special status as a founding member.
E)the EC began to exert its power to dwarf nonmember countries.

Question 66

Mitterrand improved conditions for workers in France by

A)increasing the minimum wage.
B)decreasing costly social benefits.
C)lowering taxes nationwide.
D)nationalizing the steel industry.
E)guaranteeing all workers four weeks of paid vacation.

Question 67

Which American president journeyed to the People's Republic of China in 1972?

A)Lyndon Johnson
B)Jimmy Carter
C)John Kennedy
D)Gerald Ford
E)Richard Nixon

Question 68

Under the U.S. presidency of Jimmy Carter, a major goal of American foreign policy was

A)a new effort to contain Communism around the globe.
B)the protection of human rights globally.
C)American withdrawal from European defensive alliances to counter Soviet power.
D)the emplacement of new nuclear weapons systems in Europe for possible use against Russia.
E)to weaken the Islamic Republic of Iran by military force.

Question 69

In his ____, Richard Nixon tried to recruit formerly Democratic southern voters to the Republican party by focusing on law and order and racial issues.

A)sunbelt strategy
B)beltway strategy
C)white collar strategy
D)southern strategy
E)rainbow coalition strategy

Question 70

What was one of the causes of American stagflation in the 1970s?

A)Dramatic decline in oil prices
B)Dramatic increase in oil prices
C)Cooperation of OPEC
D)Increase in the number of barrels of oil shipped to the United States
E)End of oil production in the Middle East

Question 71

By 1980, the Soviet Union was characterized by

A)a growing economy boosted by heavy industry.
B)a declining rate of alcoholism.
C)an ailing economy and increasing social problems.
D)an improvement in bureaucratic inefficiency.
E)a popular central government.

Question 72

The American president who made the decision to bomb North Vietnam and who significantly increased the number of American troops in the Second Vietnam War was

A)Dwight Eisenhower.
B)Harry Truman.
C)John Kennedy.
D)Richard Nixon.
E)Lyndon Johnson.

Question 73

In the 1970s, a new, complex economic problem called ____ emerged, combining high inflation with high unemployment.

A)deregulation
B)recession
C)stagflation
D)hyper-stimulation
E)nonflation

Question 74

Which American president called the Soviet Union an "evil empire?"?

A)Richard Nixon
B)Ronald Reagan
C)George H.W. Bush
D)Bill Clinton
E)George W. Bush

Question 75

What did the ABM Treaty of 1972, an appropriate symbol of détente between Russia and America, accomplish?

A)It guaranteed massive American financial aid to the Russians.
B)It allowed the Russians to catch up in their production of anti-ballistic missiles with the U.S.
C)It enabled both countries to trade freely in aircraft and missiles.
D)It pledged the two nations to limit their development of anti-ballistic missile systems thus avoiding a new arms race.
E)It resulted in alliance between the Soviets and the United States directed against Communist China and Mao Zedong, with the letters ABM referring to "All But Mao."

Question 76

Which American president slowly withdrew U.S. troops stationed in Vietnam in a bid to end U.S. involvement there?

A)Jimmy Carter
B)Harry Truman
C)John Kennedy
D)Richard Nixon
E)Lyndon Johnson

Question 77

The American president who helped maintain a Vietnam-like war in Afghanistan by aiding anti-Soviet insurgents was

A)Richard Nixon.
B)Ronald Reagan.
C)George H.W. Bush.
D)Bill Clinton.
E)George W. Bush.

Question 78

Great Britain under Margaret Thatcher experienced

A)a disastrous defeat against Argentina in the Falklands War.
B)improved industrial production in the Midlands.
C)increased government expenditures in education.
D)a large military buildup and hard-line approach against communism.
E)the strengthening of the labor unions.

Question 79

What did the 1975 Helsinki Accords accomplish?

A)They established American military dominance in Europe.
B)They accorded the Soviet Union the right to intervene in western European political affairs.
C)They recognized all borders established in Europe since World War II, thereby acknowledging a Soviet sphere of influence in eastern Europe.
D)They provided for the transfer of American nuclear weapons and submarines to Europe.
E)They made Finland a nuclear-free zone.

Question 80

The "Reagan Revolution" included all of these new policies EXCEPT

A)reductions in food stamps.
B)cut-backs in spending on school lunch programs.
C)hefty increases in the military budget.
D)expansion of job programs to put people back to work.
E)escalating levels of government spending.