Deck 16: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Question 1

define the following term:
decolonization

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Describe the course of the Arab-Israeli conflict in the first three decades following World War II.

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

How did the existentialists describe the universe and humans' place in it?

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

What was life like in the Soviet Union under Stalin in the years immediately following World War II?

Question 5

define the following term:
Berlin blockade

Question 6

In your opinion, which side bore the most responsibility for the start of the Cold War? Why?

Question 7

define the following term:
CENTO and SEATO

Question 8

define the following term:
mutual deterrence

Question 9

define the following term:
the superpowers

Question 10

What was De Gaul's vision for France? What steps did he take to try to make that vision a reality?

Question 11

Why did American policy makers feel it necessary to intervene militarily in Korea?

Question 12

define the following term:
Truman Doctrine

Question 13

How was the Cuban missile crisis resolved? What changes were made in its aftermath?

Question 14

Compare and contrast the struggle for independence in Algeria and Ghana. How would you explain the differences you note?

Question 15

define the following term:
George Kennan

Question 16

define the following term:
NATO

Question 17

What was the Truman Doctrine? How did it shape U.S. foreign policy?

Question 18

define the following term:
Warsaw Pact

Question 19

What did Mao hope to achieve with the Great Leap Forward? Why was it such a disaster?

Question 20

define the following term:
containment

Question 21

define the following term:
Fidel Castro

Question 22

define the following term:
Berlin Wall

Question 23

define the following term:
Hungarian uprising

Question 24

define the following term:
apartheid

Question 25

define the following term:
African National Congress

Question 26

define the following term:
Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 27

define the following term:
Mahatma Gandhi

Question 28

define the following term:
Six-Day War

Question 29

define the following term:
Mao Zedong

Question 30

define the following term:
Marshall Plan

Question 31

define the following term:
Great Leap Forward

Question 32

define the following term:
Nikita Khrushchev

Question 33

define the following term:
rapprochement

Question 34

define the following term:
Bay of Pigs

Question 35

define the following term:
Vietnam War

Question 36

define the following term:
Palestine Liberation Organization

Question 37

define the following term:
Ho Chi Minh

Question 38

define the following term:
Stalinization

Question 39

define the following term:
French Popular Movement

Question 40

define the following term:
Sputnik I

Question 41

define the following term:
guest workers

Question 42

define the following term:
existentialism

Question 43

define the following term:
the birth control pill

Question 44

define the following term:
consumer society

Question 45

define the following term:
Korean War

Question 46

define the following term:
the Great Society

Question 47

define the following term:
Abstract Expressionism

Question 48

define the following term:
European Coal and Steel Community

Question 49

define the following term:
welfare state

Question 50

define the following term:
EEC/Common Market

Question 51

define the following term:
Simone de Beauvoir

Question 52

define the following term:
Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot

Question 53

define the following term:
Pope John XXIII

Question 54

define the following term:
Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic

Question 55

define the following term:
Andy Warhol and Pop Art

Question 56

define the following term:
West Germany's "economic miracle"

Question 57

define the following term:
Martin Luther King and "white backlash"

Question 58

define the following term:
women's liberation movement

Question 59

define the following term:
de-Stalinization

Question 60

define the following term:
socialized medicine

Question 61

The Truman Doctrine pledged U.S. intervention to prevent

A)a second Great Depression
B)communist expansion.
C)decolonization.
D)military coups.
E)global epidemics.

Question 62

How did Truman and his Western European allies respond to Stalin's blockade of Berlin in 1948?

A)Building the Berlin Wall
B)Airlifting supplies into Berlin
C)Bombing Moscow
D)Sending a UN force to reopen the access routes
E)Threatening nuclear war

Question 63

Which country's civil war led to the establishment of the Truman Doctrine?

A)Yugoslavia
B)Greece
C)Italy
D)Czechoslovakia
E)Poland

Question 64

In 1959, ____ dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by left-wing revolutionaries.

A)Spanish
B)Mexican
C)Portuguese
D)Cuban
E)Columbian

Question 65

What was the Communist military response to the formation of NATO?

A)The Moscow Alliance
B)The Warsaw Pact
C)The Eastern European Community
D)The Stalin Plan
E)The European Economic Community

Question 66

In addition to the devastation of the countries, cities, peoples, and cultures of Europe, what did World War II destroy?

A)American commitment to globalism in foreign policy
B)European supremacy in world affairs
C)Any commitment of old and new nations around the globe to supranational bodies of diplomacy and conflict resolution
D)The capacity of western European nations to forge lasting economic and cultural ties in the post-war world
E)The trans-Atlantic partnership

Question 67

What was the name of the system of racial segregation in South Africa?

A)Jim Crow
B)Apartheid
C)Rapprochement
D)Final Solution
E)Aryan supremacy

Question 68

What was the result of the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962?

A)The improvement of communications between the U.S. and Soviet Union to prevent nuclear war
B)The installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba
C)The overthrow of Cuba's Soviet-supported government by the U.S.
D)John Kennedy backing down to the threats of Nikita Khrushchev
E)Fidel Castro giving up his military authority, but not his political control, in the Cuban government

Question 69

Under the policy established by President Eisenhower, how would the U.S. respond to a Soviet ground assault on western Europe?

A)With conventional bombing of Soviet cities
B)With an economic blockade
C)With a diplomatic effort to mediate the crisis
D)With a full-scale nuclear attack
E)With conventional weapons

Question 70

The Marshall Plan provided $13 billion for ____ in Europe.

A)economic recovery
B)medical aid
C)military hardware
D)the construction of U.S. military bases
E)espionage and information gathering

Question 71

What was a key factor contributing to the development of the Cold War in Eastern Europe?

A)The withdrawal of victorious Russian armies from lands conquered during the campaign against Nazism
B)Raids by American troops pursuing German Nazi war criminals into areas of the former Third Reich under Russian control
C)Stalin's desire to establish pro-Soviet governments in the countries of Eastern Europe to serve as a buffer zone against possible western attacks on the Soviet Union
D)The domination of Austrian and Italian politics by popular pro-Communist parties
E)The threat to continued instability by the rise of neo-fascist parties

Question 72

North Korea invaded South Korea in

A)1946.
B)1955.
C)1950.
D)1953.
E)1947.

Question 73

Which area witnessed the first conflict in the unfolding of the Cold War?

A)Scandinavia
B)Western Europe
C)North Africa
D)Eastern Europe
E)East Asia

Question 74

The British partition of India was a response to conflict between

A)Hindus and Muslims.
B)southern and northern Indians.
C)Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.
D)secularists and religious fundamentalists.
E)India's largest ethnic communities.

Question 75

What is NATO?

A)A trade agreement
B)A fabrication designed by the Central Intelligence Agency to mislead the Soviets
C)An emergency relief agency
D)A military alliance
E)An international banking system

Question 76

What policy did George Kennan propose the U.S. adopt towards communism?

A)Massive retaliation
B)Containment
C)Appeasement
D)Curtailment
E)Mutually assured destruction (MAD)

Question 77

What was the purpose of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)?

A)To represent the interests of the Palestinians and the rights to a state
B)To create economic ties with western countries
C)To be the Soviet Union's representative in the Middle East
D)To create diplomatic ties with Western countries
E)To stem communist incursions in Palestine

Question 78

Which country was a member of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)?

A)Poland
B)West Germany
C)Turkey
D)Hungary
E)France

Question 79

Where did the Soviet Union install a pro-Soviet regime in the immediate aftermath of World War II?

A)Finland
B)Iraq
C)Poland
D)Yugoslavia
E)Turkey

Question 80

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek and the Chinese Nationalist government fled to

A)Shanghai.
B)Hong Kong.
C)Kuala Lumpur.
D)Taiwan.
E)Japan.