Deck 8: European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

Question 1

How did Viking raids and settlements impact the development of medieval Europe?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

To what extent was the Carolingian world a continuation of the past, and to what extent did it represent change and innovation?

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

define the following term:
margraves and counts

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

define the following term:
scriptoria

Question 5

To what extent did the Catholic Church alter Germanic practices in regard to family, sexuality, and children?

Question 6

Was European civilization from 750 to 1000 characterized more by continuity or change?

Question 7

Of what significance was the Carolingian intellectual renaissance to western European civilization?

Question 8

define the following term:
nuclear family

Question 9

define the following term:
Pepin

Question 10

Describe the conversion to Christianity of the various peoples of Eastern Europe, including a discussion about the responsibilities of Rome and of Constantinople in that process.

Question 11

define the following term:
Einhard

Question 12

define the following term:
Charlemagne

Question 13

Does the phrase "Middle Ages" overlook that which was unique about this phase of Western Civilization, treating these centuries only as an interlude between other times of greater significance and originality?

Question 14

Discuss the changing relations between Islam and the Byzantine Empire between 750 and 1000.

Question 15

define the following term:
monogamy

Question 16

In what ways is Byzantine civilization during the ninth and tenth centuries worthy of the title "zenith of Byzantine civilization"?

Question 17

define the following term:
missi dominici

Question 18

Compare and contrast Islamic civilization with the civilization of Western Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries. How did they mutually affect one another?

Question 19

define the following term:
clerical celibacy

Question 20

What conditions led to the development of feudalism in the Middle Ages, and in what ways did feudalism give stability and order to the medieval West?

Question 21

define the following term:
mandrake, henbane, and bleeding

Question 22

define the following term:
Louis the Pious

Question 23

define the following term:
Hugh Capet

Question 24

define the following term:
lords, vassals, and vassalage

Question 25

define the following term:
subinfeudation

Question 26

define the following term:
fief

Question 27

define the following term:
feudalism

Question 28

define the following term:
Vikings

Question 29

define the following term:
dux

Question 30

define the following term:
Alcuin of York

Question 31

define the following term:
Otto I

Question 32

define the following term:
the stirrup

Question 33

define the following term:
Carolingian Renaissance

Question 34

define the following term:
Treaty of Verdun

Question 35

define the following term:
Normandy

Question 36

define the following term:
Magyars

Question 37

define the following term:
Carolingian minuscule

Question 38

define the following term:
Danelaw

Question 39

define the following term:
knights

Question 40

define the following term:
the Battle of Lechfeld

Question 41

define the following term:
Alfred the Great

Question 42

define the following term:
Varangians

Question 43

define the following term:
demesne

Question 44

define the following term:
Orthodox Christianity

Question 45

define the following term:
the Rus

Question 46

define the following term:
Vladimir

Question 47

define the following term:
Rurik

Question 48

define the following term:
Kiev

Question 49

define the following term:
Slavs

Question 50

define the following term:
Baghdad

Question 51

define the following term:
Cyril and Methodius

Question 52

define the following term:
serfs

Question 53

define the following term:
Slavonic/Cyrillic alphabet

Question 54

define the following term:
Abbasids

Question 55

define the following term:
manorialism

Question 56

define the following term:
Umayyad

Question 57

define the following term:
Photian schism

Question 58

define the following term:
Macedonian emperors

Question 59

define the following term:
tithe

Question 60

define the following term:
Harun al-Rashid

Question 61

The expansion of the Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne

A)was carried out with the largest army in history up to its time.
B)was most successful against the German tribes to the east.
C)resulted in the quick destruction of the Saxons.
D)resulted in the conquest of all of Europe except for Italy.
E)succeeded in capturing most of Spain from the Moors.

Question 62

define the following term:
Cordoba

Question 63

Who wrote The Life of Charlemagne, an account of Charlemagne's achievements ?

A)Notker the Stammerer.
B)Alcuin of York.
C)Einhard.
D)Charlemagne.
E)Seutonius.

Question 64

In the early Middle Ages,

A)a large population was sustained by a thriving trading economy.
B)a small population subsisted on a limited agricultural economy.
C)a large population relied on an expanding agricultural economy.
D)a small population lived primary in cities.
E)a large population experienced economic surplus and high life expectancy.

Question 65

The staple food in the Carolingian diet was

A)bread.
B)fish.
C)beef.
D)pork.
E)vegetables.

Question 66

Socially and culturally, the church's advocacy of indissoluble marriage resulted in

A)more bachelors who never married.
B)the development of the nuclear family at the expense of the extended family.
C)a great proportion of widows in communities.
D)the birth of fewer children in medieval times.
E)an rapid increase in Europe's population.

Question 67

Regarding sexuality, the Catholic Church in the Early Middle Ages

A)was unable to enforce clerical celibacy.
B)accepted the practice of homosexuality, but only between adults.
C)accepted sex for the purpose of pleasure within marriage only.
D)endorsed the practice of abortion to limit the number of children.
E)discouraged marriage because it weakened the spiritual practices of Christians.

Question 68

The first Frankish king to be anointed in holy ceremony by an agent of the pope was

A)Zacharias.
B)Charlemagne.
C)Charles Martel.
D)Pepin.
E)Louis the Pious.

Question 69

Charlemagne's most disappointing military campaign came against the

A)Basques.
B)Avars.
C)Saxons.
D)Lombards.
E)Ostrogoths.

Question 70

Initially, the greatest effect of the church on Frankish marriage

A)was to make it one of the sacraments.
B)was to limit sexual license and concubinage.
C)emphasized the indissolubility of marriage.
D)prohibited the marriage of priests.
E)encouraged warriors, but not peasants, to have multiple wives.

Question 71

define the following term:
algebra and the astrolabe

Question 72

In the Early Middle Ages, the cultivation of new land was hard for all of the following reasons except

A)the heavy soils of northern Europe were difficult to plow.
B)climatic changes, including colder temperatures, shortened growing seasons.
C)crude tools of the era made land clearing arduous.
D)German tribes traditionally considered trees sacred and resisted cutting them down.
E)a and c

Question 73

The Carolingian scholar Alcuin is best noted for

A)helping to lay the foundation for medieval education.
B)his influential views on the "indissoluble nature" of marriage.
C)his emphasis on Frankish languages over classical Latin.
D)preaching against the lazy monastic orders.
E)his opposition to celibacy.

Question 74

The percentage of European land cultivated in the Early Middle Ages is estimated at

A)less than 10 percent.
B)slightly more than 20 percent.
C)35 percent.
D)50 percent.
E)slightly more than 75 percent.

Question 75

The missi dominici were officials that Charlemagne used to

A)administer the palace school at Aachen.
B)review the liturgy for errors.
C)ensure his counts were following his wishes.
D)kill prisoners of war not deemed fit for redemption.
E)patrol dangerous border districts.

Question 76

The Carolingian monks

A)were known for the production of scriptoria , a type of paper.
B)preserved the works of Classical Latin authors through their copying of manuscripts.
C)were best known for their hospitality to travelers.
D)rejected education in favor of a life of contemplation and prayer.
E)fought in the armies of Charlemagne and his successors.

Question 77

In the Middle Ages, monastic hospitality to travelers was

A)forbidden because monks were to be secluded from any contact with the outside world.
B)offered occasionally, but only with royal permission.
C)offered occasionally, but only with the permission of the abbot.
D)offered to men but not to women, as the latter were potentially too sexually threatening to the celibate monks.
E)a sacred duty.

Question 78

Charlemagne's Carolingian Renaissance was characterized by

A)outstanding creativity and original thought.
B)illuminated manuscripts written in Merovingian cursive script.
C)the works of Alcuin, who rejected all Classical educational ideals.
D)a preference for Greek over German.
E)looking to Italy for inspiration and keeping the Classical heritage alive.

Question 79

define the following term:
Avicenna

Question 80

The coronation of Charlemagne in 800 as emperor of the Romans

A)was performed by Pope Zacharias I.
B)was defended by the Donation of Constantine.
C)symbolized the fusion of Roman, Germanic, and Christian cultures.
D)greatly pleased the new emperor who had long coveted this office.
E)was approved beforehand by the Byzantine Emperor.