Deck 27: Japan and Southeast Asia in the Era of European Expansion

Question 1

Under Tokugawa rule, the Japanese seat of government (the shogunate)was located at

A)Edo.
B)Kyoto.
C)Hojo.
D)Yokohama.
E)Nagasaki.

Answer 1

Edo.

Question 2

The peasantry in Japan during the shogunate period was

A)less miserable than in earlier eras.
B)akin to the serfs of Europe.
C)vitally important to the growth of cities and were compensated accordingly.
D)more prestigious than in earlier days.
E)the best educated in Japan's history.

Answer 2

akin to the serfs of Europe.

Question 3

What were the "floating worlds" that were often used as settings in kabuki drama?

A)Japanese churches and other places of worship.
B)Japanese Shinto shrines and religious shrines.
C)Japanese brothels, shady teahouses, and gambling dens.
D)Japanese miniature gardens and high-class theaters.
E)Japanese goldfish ponds and other natural wonders.

Answer 3

Japanese brothels, shady teahouses, and gambling dens.

Question 4

What was the Japanese shogunate?

A)It was an attempt by the emperor to restore order in the 17 ^th century.
B)The shogunate was a group that opposed Westernization of the country.
C)The shogunate was a type of centralized feudalism.
D)It was government officials who carried out the orders of the emperor.
E)It was a group of military officers who banded together to overthrow the emperor.

Question 5

What was the Japanese concept known as sakoku?

A)Sakoku was one of Japan's native religion.
B)It was an advanced form of puppetry.
C)It was the government under Nobunaga.
D)Sakoku was a form of dramatic literature.
E)It meant isolation from the outside world.

Question 6

The halting of foreign trade

A)caused growth in trade and population.
B)bankrupted Japanese cities.
C)turned Japan into an economic backwater.
D)initiated a bloody power struggle.
E)led to a samurai takeover of the government.

Question 7

The more important daimyo families resided near the shogun

A)in order to assist him.
B)as hostages for their clan's loyalty.
C)to be trained as entertainers.
D)to prevent their contact with Christians.
E)to be trained for the bureaucracy.

Question 8

What was the possible territorial goal that Toyotomi Hidoyoshi dreamed of conquering?

A)Korea.
B)China's north.
C)Ming China.
D)All of the Pacific.
E)The entire world.

Question 9

As a money economy emerged in Japan, merchants

A)dissolved the guilds that no longer served a purpose.
B)became wealthier than the shogun himself.
C)used currency in the cities but were forced to retain the barter system in the countryside.
D)became much wealthier and began to loan money, especially to the out-of-work samurai.
E)began to travel abroad to expand their business enterprises.

Question 10

During the later Tokugawa period, Japanese began to emphasize ____ rather than Buddhist thought and ideals.

A)Christian
B)Confucian
C)Shinto
D)Legalist
E)Western philosophical

Question 11

The first Europeans to make contact with Japan were

A)missionaries.
B)traders.
C)pirates.
D)Both A and B.
E)Both B and C.

Question 12

How did the Tokugawa shoguns maintain control over the daimyo aristocrats?

A)The shogun ruled through terror and executions.
B)The shogun hired gangs of samurai.
C)The shogun used constant intervention and manipulation.
D)The shogun led because he was elected by daimyo members.
E)The shogun could take control of the merchant class.

Question 13

Which of the Zen Buddhist concepts are reflected in haiku poetry?

A)All of life's events are worth preserving in verse and can be covered in seventeen syllables.
B)Life's greatest mysteries, in the hands of a master poet, can be explained in only seventeen syllables.
C)Most of humankind is incapable of understanding the world's great mysteries, unlike the great poets.
D)The hardest concepts in life to understand can never be understood, so true poets never need try.
E)The conviction that the greatest mysteries of life can only be stated but never analyzed.

Question 14

Christianity was persecuted, and some Christians put to death, by

A)Nobunaga.
B)Tokugawa.
C)Hideyoshi.
D)Tojo.
E)Sakoku.

Question 15

The key component(s)to Tokugawa rule and policy was/were

A)the emperor.
B)Christian peasants.
C)the daimyo.
D)merchants.
E)the bushido.

Question 16

Tokugawa put down peasant rebellions by

A)hiring samurai mercenaries to take care of the situation.
B)promising to make major agrarian reforms.
C)decreasing the taxes levied on the peasants.
D)putting tens of thousands of peasants to death.
E)seizing weapons from the peasants.

Question 17

Which privilege was reserved solely for the samurai and daimyo under the Tokugawa Shogunate?

A)The honor of fighting for the shogun.
B)The privilege of owning weapons.
C)The right to trade with outsiders.
D)The ability to live in the capital city.
E)The right to practice Christianity.

Question 18

During the Tokugawa Shogunate, the daimyo

A)served as the true political leaders of the shogunate.
B)acted as the shogun's agents within the empire but retained full authority within their own area of control.
C)controlled about one-fourth of Japan's land area.
D)seldom came into conflict with each other, preferring to use their resources to better compete with each other economically.
E)never quite trusted the shogun and were always looking over their shoulders, expecting him to use their samurai against them.

Question 19

What was the primary role of the emperor in Tokugawa Japan?

A)He was the military leader.
B)The emperor's duties were administrative.
C)He was the religious leader for most Japanese.
D)The emperor's role was ceremonial.
E)He was a reformist.

Question 20

What was the initial level of success for Christian missionaries in Japan?

A)The missionaries were outlawed by the shogun.
B)They were met with resistance from the samurai.
C)The Christian missionaries fomented civil war.
D)The missionaries attempted to undermine Shinto.
E)The Christian missionaries converted many Japanese daimyo.

Question 21

The prevalence of Confucian secularism among the daimyo is significant because

A)it laid the future foundation for Japanese democracy.
B)it paved the way for acceptance of western technology.
C)it made possible the takeover of Tokugawa Ieyashu.
D)it set into motion a rich literary/artistic movement.
E)None of the options are correct.

Question 22

Which of the following phrases might be most indicative of Japanese attitudes toward the outside world?

A)"If something Western can be made to help our people, use it."
B)"The people of the outside world are intelligent but decadent."
C)"Japan will rule the world so why adopt foreign ideas."
D)"Keep the barbarians out and maintain Japanese purity."
E)"They have nothing to offer us but we have much to teach them."

Question 23

A decisive figure in pre-modern Japanese history, and founder of the last shogunate, was ____________________.

Question 24

____________________ is a Japanese dramatic form characterized by humor, realism, and violent actions.

Question 25

The government system created by the shoguns in the 1600s

A)allowed the local chieftains called daimyo to rule unchecked.
B)was an imitation of the Chinese system of mandarin officials.
C)made the daimyo dependent on the shogun's favor.
D)used the emperor as military chief while the shoguns ruled all else.
E)provided imperial protection for the families of the daimyo.

Question 26

Besides showing the Japanese people's closeness with nature, Japanese fine arts often portray more ____ than that of China.

A)humor
B)humility
C)hatred
D)happiness
E)health-consciousness.

Question 27

The feudal, centralized government ruling over Japan until 1867 was known as a(n)____________________.

Question 28

In the 1600s, the three Japanese major cities were ____________________ than any European city.

Question 29

By the early 1800s, some Japanese officials and scholars had concluded that

A)Westerners must be kept out of their country at all costs.
B)they needed more knowledge about Western European science and medicine.
C)Japanese poetry was far superior to most European verse.
D)"Dutch medicine" was the only worthwhile kind.
E)they had fallen behind every European country except Russia.

Question 30

The most important items brought to Japan by the Portuguese were ____________________.

Question 31

Saint Francis Xavier was the leading ____________________ to Japan because he greatly impressed his hosts with his piety and learning.

Question 32

During the Tokugawa era, the merchants who prospered became significant supporters of which activity?

A)The merchants were strong supporters of the arts.
B)They supported the government through the daimyo.
C)They hired historians to work on conserving the past by writing it down.
D)The merchants made large donations to charities.
E)They helped the shoguns dominate the daimyo, their strong rivals.

Question 33

After a revolt that had the support of Christian peasants in 1637, Christians in Japan were persecuted to the point of ____________________.

Question 34

____________________ was the code of the samurai class.

Question 35

The nation that forced Japan to open up to foreign trade was

A)the United States.
B)England.
C)the Netherlands.
D)Portugal.
E)France.

Question 36

What is the best way to describe the Shinto faith?

A)Shintoism is the native Japanese religion.
B)It is the the Japanese version of Catholicism.
C)It is a mixture of Christianity and Japanese pagan belief.
D)Shintoism is a variety of Buddhism imported from Korea.
E)It came about as a reaction to the proselytizing of the Jesuits.

Question 37

The port Dutch ships were allowed to dock at under sakoku was ____________________.

Question 38

The samurai of Japan could best be described as

A)a strong part of the shogunate period until the last shogun fell.
B)well respected by the civilian population because of their wonderful military skills.
C)having been converted to Christianity in greater numbers than any other group in Japan.
D)having lost their positions and their self-respect well before the shogunate came to an end.
E)the group hired by merchants to collect money owed to them that people were not repaying.

Question 39

The major Japanese religions are ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 40

Most Asian island residents eventually converted to

A)Christianity.
B)Buddhism.
C)Shintoism.
D)Daoism.
E)Islam.

Question 41

Term for identification: St. Francis Xavier

Question 42

Discuss trade, political, and religious issues in Southeast Asia. Mention the Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, the Philippines and the widespread Islamic influences.

Question 43

Discuss the religious issues in Japan during the Tokugawa.

Question 44

Describe the foundation of the Tokugawa state, be sure to highlight the role of key individuals, and discuss its main underpinnings.

Question 45

Term for identification: samurai

Question 46

Why did the Japanese resist Western influence? What methods did Japan use to close its doors to the West? Evaluate the success of those efforts in the end.

Question 47

Describe Tokugawa arts and learning. What were the primary influences?

Question 48

Term for identification: Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Question 49

Term for identification: Matthew Perry

Question 50

Describe the interrelationships in Japanese society, especially between shogun, daimyo, and emperor in Tokugawa Japan as well as the lives of peasants.

Question 51

Term for identification: Oda Nobunaga

Question 52

Term for identification: shogunate

Question 53

Term for identification: Fujiwara

Question 54

Term for identification: Kyoto

Question 55

Term for identification: kabuki

Question 56

Term for identification: bushido