Deck 34: The Islamic World, 1600-1917

Question 1

The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71)was provoked by

A)German seizure of the French land known as Alsace.
B)the ill-conceived plan of Napoleon III to seize German lands west of the Rhine River.
C)France's decision to aid Austria in the Austro-German War.
D)the southern German states' desire to become part of a Greater Germany.
E)Bismarck's manipulation of the French, which led them to become the aggressors.

Answer 1

Bismarck's manipulation of the French, which led them to become the aggressors.

Question 2

Which country was referred to as the "Sick Man of Europe"?

A)France.
B)The Turkish-based Ottoman Empire.
C)The Safavids in Persia.
D)Tsarist Russia.
E)Fragmented Germany.

Answer 2

The Turkish-based Ottoman Empire.

Question 3

Those who benefited most from the July Monarchy were

A)artisans.
B)the poor.
C)the well off.
D)Catholic priests.
E)parliamentarians.

Answer 3

the well off.

Question 4

What does the term the Mahdi mean in English?

A)The Prophet.
B)The Farmer.
C)The Expected One.
D)The Rebel.
E)The Young Ottomans.

Question 5

One of the few things that the French agreed on late in the 19^th century was

A)that they hated all Germans.
B)the need to reclaim Alsace and Lorraine.
C)that Marxism was wrong for France.
D)the ineffectiveness of the Third Republic.
E)the need for a strong presidency.

Question 6

The father of Italian unification, Camilli Cavour, strongly favored the concept of

A)individualism.
B)conservatism.
C)realpolotik .
D)religious unity.
E)social change.

Question 7

Otto von Bismarck's greatest desire was to

A)become part of a country that would consist of Austria, Germany, and Hungary.
B)see Kaiser William I, whom he despised, removed as leader of Germany.
C)create a German state that would exclude the Austrians but would take most of their territory.
D)provoke Austria into going to war against the Germans.
E)unify all of the Germans under one government, headquartered in Berlin.

Question 8

Why did the Safavid rulers disappear as a dynasty by the 1700s?

A)They believed in every man for himself.
B)The military was too weak to compete.
C)The Safavids did not believe in liberty and equality.
D)The Safavids could not overcome their tribal alliances.
E)The Safavids were suffocated by their bureaucracy.

Question 9

What is the modern term for the militant and violent reform movement begun in the 1700s by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab?

A)Sufism.
B)Wahhabism.
C)Saudism.
D)Salafism.
E)Jihadism.

Question 10

Following 1603, what turned out to be one of the worst decisions of the sultan of the Ottoman Empire?

A)He had his sons sent to foreign countries for education.
B)He had his sons banished so they wouldn't threaten his reign.
C)He gave his sons small plots of land so they could practice farming and herding animals.
D)He had his sons raised in the harem instead of with the military.
E)He put his sons in small businesses so they could learn commerce.

Question 11

Which of the following religious groups could be found in Mughal India at the time of Aurangzeb?

A)Jains.
B)Christians.
C)Hindus.
D)Muslims.
E)All of the options are correct.

Question 12

How did the Ottomans react to attempts by the grand vizier to reform the weakening empire's military in the 1730s?

A)The Ottomans revolted and executed the grand vizier.
B)The Ottomans adopted the reforms rather rapidly.
C)The Ottomans were indifferent to the reforms.
D)The Ottomans were embarrassed by their backwardness.
E)The Ottomans developed a liberal society that soon industrialized.

Question 13

Which of the Ottoman viceroys of Egypt is known for his modernization of the armed forces and his longevity as ruler?

A)Abdul Aziz.
B)King Farouk.
C)Muhammad Ali Pasha.
D)Nicholas Mahdi.
E)Muhammad Shafi.

Question 14

The main problem with the Dual Monarchy in Austria-Hungary was that

A)the government was too liberal for the people's tastes.
B)it consisted not of two ethnic groups, but of many, most of whom did not get along well.
C)the Hungarians seized control of the government and did not consider the wishes of other groups.
D)the Austro-Germans rankled under the yoke of the dominant Hungarians.
E)Catholics living within the monarchy felt threatened by the dominance of the Protestant majority.

Question 15

What is the English translation of the Arab phrase Dar al-Harb ?

A)The community of believers.
B)The unbelievers.
C)Islamic warriors.
D)Prosperous merchants.
E)French immigrants.

Question 16

All of the following contributed to the development of industrialization in the United States EXCEPT

A)a large pool of immigrant labor.
B)following closely behind England in industrializing.
C)a shortage of risk capital.
D)abundant natural resources.
E)individuals willing, even eager, to take risks in business.

Question 17

Napoleon III began to liberalize his imperial regime because of

A)foreign policy failures.
B)hostility from socialists.
C)comparatively high taxation.
D)his alliance with Austria.
E)threats to overthrow him.

Question 18

What was the most common Ottoman response to advances in Western technology and science?

A)They embraced the advances.
B)They were not aware of the advances.
C)They declared war on the West.
D)They tried to ignore the advances.
E)They adapted and overcame.

Question 19

How did the Mughals of India react to the early arrival of the Europeans?

A)The Mughals absorbed them into their government.
B)The Mughals did not pay them much attention.
C)The Mughals were afraid and unable to deal with the intrusion.
D)The Mughals asked them to educate them on the ways of the West.
E)The Mughals were unaware of their arrival.

Question 20

In the early 1870s, the majority of Frenchmen were actually

A)Bonapartists.
B)Socialists.
C)Republicans.
D)monarchists.
E)anarchists.

Question 21

Which statement best describes Italy during and shortly after unification?

A)The last area to be incorporated into Italy was Sicily.
B)Its "national culture" was not truly national, since most of the wealth, education, and power resided in the North.
C)Italian industrialization was concentrated in the central part of the peninsula.
D)In its early days, Italy's highest average income was in the agricultural south.
E)In its early days, Italy's poorest city was Turin.

Question 22

Cavour, in 1859, managed to drive Austria out of Lombardy with the aid of ____________________.

Question 23

In 1861, ____________________ freed the serfs in Russia.

Question 24

The Paris Commune was

A)an imaginative attempt to introduce democracy though popular vote.
B)an uprising against the imperial government of France that had lost the Franco-Prussian war of 1870.
C)a kind of new religion prompted by anti-Christian radicals.
D)a group of Parisian artists who gathered to support each other in perfecting their craft.
E)None of the options are correct.

Question 25

The term Arab or Arabic refers to  ____________________.

Question 26

Which of the following made American industrial towns different than European ones?

A)Unsafe and unsanitary working conditions.
B)Democracy and social mobility.
C)Hereditary privilege.
D)More expensive land.
E)Less railroad networks.

Question 27

The outstanding European statesman of the 19^th century was

A)Nicholas I.
B)William I.
C)Bismarck.
D)Garibaldi.
E)Alexander II.

Question 28

The ____________________ of ____________________ took powers away from the British landowning aristocracy and benefited the urban middle classes.

Question 29

The socialistic-experimental textile mill of New Lanark was the brainchild of the reformer ____________________.

Question 30

The modern nation-state actually took on the familiar form we know today during the

A)First Industrial Revolution.
B)American Revolution.
C)Second Industrial Revolution.
D)early years following the French Revolution.
E)French Revolution.

Question 31

The supreme legal authority in Egypt's most prestigious mosque university carried the title of the ____________________.

Question 32

Unlike the situation with business in Britain and on the European continent, that in America saw

A)strong worker-management antagonism.
B)limited horizons and much exploitation.
C)comparative freedom from government and public opinion.
D)overdependence upon slave labor.
E)early protections for child laborers.

Question 33

The Italian people regard ____________________ as the greatest hero in their struggle for self-rule.

Question 34

One significant aspect of the modern nation-state is

A)the development of independent thought and action among individuals.
B)the need for close ties between church and state.
C)the subordination of the individual to mass politics.
D)an increase in social welfare spending.
E)a greater tolerance for members of opposing groups.

Question 35

The original center of American industry was

A)New York.
B)New Jersey.
C)New England.
D)Pennsylvania.
E)the mid-Atlantic states.

Question 36

Classical economic liberalism proved very popular among the cotton mill owners of the city of ____________________, for which it was named.

Question 37

Britain avoided revolution in the early 19^th century largely because of

A)Austria's assistance.
B)military repression.
C)radical reform.
D)Parliamentary improvements.
E)its strong monarchy.

Question 38

William I's chancellor, ____________________ was the outstanding statesman of the 19^th century.

Question 39

The compromise arrangement that formed the ____________________ was called the Ausgleich of 1867.

Question 40

Italian industrialization was controlled by the

A)North.
B)Church.
C)South.
D)Mafia.
E)Alpine states.

Question 41

Term for identification: Osman

Question 42

How did the events of the 1830s-1840s affect European society?

Question 43

Term for identification: Young Ottomans

Question 44

Term for identification: Salafi movement

Question 45

Term for identification: the Mahdi

Question 46

Term for identification: Suleiman

Question 47

Compare and contrast the political developments in France, Italy, Germany, Austria and Russia.

Question 48

Term for identification: Selim

Question 49

Term for identification: Wahhabism

Question 50

Discuss the differences and similarities of the Safavid and Mughal Empires. Explain how geography, politics, war, and religion played in to the different empires.

Question 51

Discuss the revolts of 1848 including factors that led to the revolts and the impact on various European nations.

Question 52

Discuss the industrialization of the United States and how that nation emerges as a modern nation state.

Question 53

Term for identification: Muhammad Ali Pasha

Question 54

What were some of the major social, religious, and intellectual responses to developments in the Islamic world? Include developments in Persia, Arabian countries, and India up to the start of World War I.

Question 55

Term for identification: Tanzimat Reforms

Question 56

Term for identification: Pan-Arabism