Deck 27: Japan and Southeast Asia in the Era of European Expansion

Question 1

What was the purpose of the daimyo in the Shogunate period?

A)Acted as the shogun's military enforcers.
B)Acted as the shogun's agents and regents in their own domains.
C)Acted as the moral enforcers of Japan.
D)Acted as the loyal opposition to the shogun.
E)Acted as the supervisors of the merchant and craft guilds.

Answer 1

Acted as the shogun's agents and regents in their own domains.

Question 2

Which of the Zen Buddhist concepts are reflected in haiku poetry?

A)All of life's events are worth preserving in verse and can be covered in seventeen syllables.
B)Life's greatest mysteries, in the hands of a master poet, can be explained in only seventeen syllables.
C)Most of humankind is incapable of understanding the world's great mysteries, unlike the great poets.
D)The hardest concepts in life to understand can never be understood, so true poets never need try.
E)The conviction that the greatest mysteries of life can only be stated but never analyzed.

Answer 2

The conviction that the greatest mysteries of life can only be stated but never analyzed.

Question 3

Under Tokugawa rule, where was the Japanese seat of government located?

A)Edo
B)Kyoto
C)Osaka
D)Yokohama
E)Nagasaki

Answer 3

Edo

Question 4

Which of the following was NOT one of the four major classes recognized by the Tokugawa shogunate?

A)warriors
B)priests
C)farmers
D)artisans
E)merchants

Question 5

How did merchants participate in the money economy that emerged in Japan?

A)Dissolved the guilds that no longer served a purpose.
B)Became wealthier than the shogun himself.
C)Used currency in the cities but were forced to retain the barter system in the countryside.
D)Became much wealthier and began to loan money, especially to the out-of-work samurai.
E)Began to travel abroad to expand their business enterprises.

Question 6

What was the shogun's system of supervision and surveillance of the daimyo called?

A)Sekigahara
B)haiku
C)sankin kotai
D)sakoku
E)kabuki

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Japan at the time of European contact?

A)The country was divided into local states dominated by warriors.
B)The towns had a daimyo's castle and large temples and monasteries.
C)The political authority was fragmented.
D)The Japanese people had been open and receptive to Westerners and Christianity.
E)The population practiced either Shinto or Buddhism.

Question 8

How did the Tokugawa shoguns maintain control over the daimyo aristocrats?

A)The shogun ruled through terror and executions.
B)The shogun hired gangs of samurai.
C)The shogun used constant intervention and manipulation.
D)The shogun led because he was elected by daimyo members.
E)The shogun could take control of the merchant class.

Question 9

How much of Japan did the shogun control as his personal domain?

A)one-eighth of the land
B)one-fourth of the land
C)half of the land
D)three-fourths of the land
E)five-eighths of the land

Question 10

What were the "floating worlds" that were often used as settings in kabuki drama?

A)Japanese churches and other places of worship
B)Japanese Shinto shrines and religious shrines
C)Japanese brothels, shady teahouses, and gambling dens
D)Japanese miniature gardens and high-class theaters
E)Japanese goldfish ponds and other natural wonders

Question 11

During the later Tokugawa period, Japan began to shift from Buddhism to what kind of thought and ideals?

A)Christian
B)Confucian
C)Shinto
D)Legalist
E)Daoist

Question 12

What was the primary role of the emperor in Tokugawa Japan?

A)He was the military leader.
B)The emperor's duties were administrative.
C)He was the religious leader for most Japanese.
D)The emperor's role was ceremonial.
E)He was a reformist.

Question 13

What was the result of the Japanese shogun halting foreign trade?

A)growth in trade and population
B)bankruptcy of Japanese cities
C)Japan turned into an economic backwater
D)a bloody power struggle
E)a samurai takeover of the government

Question 14

Why did the more important daimyo families reside near the shogun?

A)in order to assist him
B)as hostages for their clan's loyalty
C)to be trained as entertainers
D)to prevent their contact with Christians
E)to be trained for the bureaucracy

Question 15

What was the Japanese concept known as sakoku ?

A)Sakoku was one of Japan's native religions.
B)It was an advanced form of puppetry borrowed from the Chinese.
C)It was the government under Nobunaga.
D)The Sakoku was a form of dramatic literature.
E)It was a self-imposed isolation from the outside world.

Question 16

What was the initial level of success for Christian missionaries in Japan?

A)The missionaries were outlawed by the shogun.
B)They were met with resistance from the samurai.
C)The Christian missionaries fomented civil war.
D)The missionaries attempted to undermine Shinto.
E)The Christian missionaries converted many Japanese daimyo.

Question 17

What was the main goal of the Tokugawa rulers?

A)to allow the emperor to return to power
B)to participate in the trade routes of Southeast Asia
C)to encourage social mobility for all Japanese people
D)to allow Christianity to spread throughout the country
E)to bring stability to Japan

Question 18

Which privilege was reserved solely for the samurai and daimyo under the Tokugawa Shogunate?

A)the honor of fighting for the shogun
B)the privilege of owning weapons
C)the right to trade with outsiders
D)the ability to live in the capital city
E)the right to practice Christianity

Question 19

Which of the Western groups below were allowed to remain in Japan in a limited way while the others were expelled?

A)Jesuit priests
B)British Naval forces
C)U)S. Naval personnel
D)Portuguese traders
E)Dutch traders

Question 20

Which statement best describes the Japanese shogunate?

A)It was an attempt by the emperor to restore order in the 17th century.
B)The shogunate was a group that opposed Westernization of the country.
C)The shogunate was a type of centralized feudalism.
D)It was government officials who carried out the orders of the emperor.
E)It was a group of military officers who banded together to overthrow the emperor.

Question 21

A decisive figure in pre-modern Japanese history, and founder of the last shogunate, was ____________________.

Question 22

During the Tokugawa era, the merchants who prospered became significant supporters of which activity?

A)The merchants were strong supporters of the arts.
B)They supported the government through the daimyo.
C)They hired historians to work on conserving the past by writing it down.
D)The merchants made large donations to charities.
E)They helped the shoguns dominate the daimyo, their strong rivals.

Question 23

Which of the following phrases might be most indicative of Japanese attitudes toward the outside world?

A)"If something Western can be made to help our people, use it."
B)"The people of the outside world are intelligent but decadent."
C)"Japan will rule the world so why adopt foreign ideas?"
D)"Keep the barbarians out and maintain Japanese purity."
E)"They have nothing to offer us but we have much to teach them."

Question 24

Which Western nation forced Japan to open up to foreign trade?

A)the United States
B)England
C)the Netherlands
D)Portugal
E)France

Question 25

How were Japanese fine arts different from the Chinese models?

A)The Japanese arts had more playful humor.
B)The Japanese arts were filled with humility.
C)The Japanese arts showed a harshness.
D)The Japanese arts were made from lesser quality materials.
E)The Japanese arts exhibited a health-consciousness.

Question 26

The self-isolation of Japan that lasted until the mid-19th century was called the ____________________.

Question 27

The feudal, centralized government ruling over Japan until 1867 was known as a(n)____________________.

Question 28

During the Tokugawa shogunate, what was the profession of the majority of Japanese?

A)local farming or fishing
B)skilled workers
C)shopkeepers and merchants
D)casual laborers
E)warriors and samurai

Question 29

The most important items brought to Japan by the Portuguese were ____________________.

Question 30

____________________ was the U.S. Naval Commander who  forcibly  opened Japan to the West in 1853-1854.

Question 31

The shogunate system of supervision and surveillance of the daimyo was called ____________________.

Question 32

The Battle of ____________________ was a victory for Tokugawa in 1600 and led to the founding of the military shogunate.

Question 33

Why was the prevalence of Confucian secularism among the daimyo significant?

A)It laid the future foundation for Japanese democracy.
B)It paved the way for acceptance of Western technology.
C)It made possible the takeover of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
D)It set into motion a rich literary and artistic movement.
E)It paved the way for the sakoku.

Question 34

To what religion did most Asian island residents eventually convert?

A)Christianity
B)Buddhism
C)Shintoism
D)Daoism
E)Islam

Question 35

By the early 1800s, what had some Japanese officials and scholars concluded?

A)Westerners must be kept out of their country at all costs.
B)They needed more knowledge about Western European science and medicine.
C)Japanese poetry was far superior to most European verse.
D)"Dutch medicine" was the only worthwhile kind.
E)They had fallen behind every European country except Russia.

Question 36

Which of the following statements best describes the samurai?

A)They remained a strong part of the shogunate period until the last shogun fell.
B)They were well respected by the civilian population because of their wonderful military skills.
C)They converted to Christianity in greater numbers than any other group in Japan.
D)They lost their positions and their self-respect well before the shogunate came to an end.
E)They were hired by merchants to collect money owed to them that people were not repaying.

Question 37

____________________ is a Japanese dramatic form characterized by humor, realism, and violent actions.

Question 38

____________________ was the Japanese name for Western science, anatomy, pharmacology, and surgery.

Question 39

A(n)____________________ was a Japanese poem written in three lines and seventeen syllables that was based on Zen Buddhist philosophy.

Question 40

What was the role of the samurai in 17th and 18th century Japan?

A)They engaged in constant warfare which led to a decreased number of samurai.
B)They became an imitation of the Chinese system of mandarin officials.
C)They became superfluous and no longer served a purpose.
D)They overthrew the shogun and reinstalled the emperor.
E)They became foreign mercenaries to Western powers.

Question 41

Term for identification: Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Question 42

Trace the formation of the Tokugawa state, making sure to highlight the role of key individuals, and discuss the state's main underpinnings.

Question 43

Discuss the religious issues in Japan during the Tokugawa shogunate including the impact on foreign relations, commerce, society, and art forms.

Question 44

Term for identification: haiku

Question 45

Why did the Japanese resist Western influence? What methods did Japan use to close its doors to the West? Evaluate the success of those efforts in the end. Support your answer with examples.

Question 46

Describe the arts and learning in the  Tokugawa Period . What were the primary influences on Japanese art forms? Using examples, explain the development of truly Japanese art forms.

Question 47

Term for identification: samurai

Question 48

Discuss trade, political, and religious issues in Southeast Asia including the impact of the Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, the Philippines, and Islam.

Question 49

Term for identification: daimyo

Question 50

Term for identification: Oda Nobunaga

Question 51

Term for identification: Matthew Perry

Question 52

Describe the interrelationships in Japanese society, especially among the shogun, daimyo, and emperor in Tokugawa Japan as well as the peasants.

Question 53

Term for identification: Edo

Question 54

Term for identification: sakoku

Question 55

Term for identification: Tokugawa Ieyasu

Question 56

Term for identification: kabuki