Deck 20: The United States in a World at War, 1913-1920

Question 1

On the eve of World War I the Balkan Peninsula

A)was firmly in the hands of the Ottoman Empire.
B)was controlled by Russia.
C)was rife with ethnic antagonisms and aspirations.
D)was hoping for Austrian annexation.

Answer 1

was rife with ethnic antagonisms and aspirations.

Question 2

Woodrow Wilson dramatically changed American foreign policy by

A)withdrawing all troops from Latin America.
B)declaring neutrality in World War I.
C)only extending diplomatic recognition to governments he considered virtuous.
D)granting independence to the Philippines.

Answer 2

only extending diplomatic recognition to governments he considered virtuous.

Question 3

Which statement best describes the first few months of World War I?

A)American forces drove Germany out of France and secured a favorable position.
B)Germany hoped for a quick knockout blow but settled into a stalemate position.
C)A German blitzkrieg effectively drove all Allied forces off the continent.
D)French armies swept over their enemies and conquered western Europe.

Answer 3

Germany hoped for a quick knockout blow but settled into a stalemate position.

Question 4

Soon after the U.S. assumed neutrality in World War I, Woodrow Wilson dropped the ban on loans to belligerents because

A)he resented Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan's moral grandstanding on the issue.
B)he hoped for a quick German victory.
C)the freeze endangered the stability of the American economy.
D)he stood to gain personally from wartime loans and investments.

Question 5

Why did Woodrow Wilson send American troops into Mexico in 1916?

A)Because Pancho Villa attacked and killed several Americans in New Mexico
B)To overthrow the Huerta government
C)To protect American property
D)In retaliation for the arrest of several American sailors

Question 6

The mission of the War Industries Board was to

A)implement daylight savings time.
B)prevent subversive activities from challenging the government.
C)raise money for the war by issuing Liberty Loans.
D)supervise wartime production.

Question 7

When World War I broke out in Europe, Woodrow Wilson

A)urged Americans to be neutral in fact as well as in name.
B)declared a boycott on goods bound for Germany.
C)declared a boycott on goods bound for Europe.
D)told Germany that if she did not end the war in six months, the United States would intervene.

Question 8

The Central Powers included

A)Britain, France, and Germany.
B)Russia, Germany, and Italy.
C)Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
D)Austria-Hungary, France, and Italy.

Question 9

Prior to August 1914, most Americans believed

A)that war in Europe was inevitable.
B)that war had become obsolete.
C)that Woodrow Wilson would have his hands full with all the foreign policy problems at the time.
D)that war with Japan would come within ten years.

Question 10

Which groups of Americans did not sympathize with the Allies during World War I?

A)Most sections of the American working class
B)Members of the American upper class
C)Irish-Americans and German-Americans
D)Italian-Americans and Jews

Question 11

Why did the Germans sink the British passenger liner Lusitania ?

A)They took the position that civilians were legitimate targets during war.
B)The Lusitania fired upon their submarine first.
C)British passenger ships were used to carry munitions.
D)They could not tell whether it was a passenger liner or a naval cruiser.

Question 12

When Woodrow Wilson entered the White House in 1913

A)he expected to spend most of his time dealing with domestic issues.
B)he was well prepared to deal with imperial rivalries in Europe.
C)he was determined to reverse the imperial expansionist policies of his Republican predecessors.
D)World War I was well underway.

Question 13

Why did Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resign his position?

A)He feared that Wilson's demands to end U-boat attacks would lead to war.
B)He was exposed for war profiteering.
C)to plan his next presidential campaign
D)He was in poor health and wanted to spend more time with his family.

Question 14

Which statement best describes the labor force during World War I?

A)Union membership fell by 25 percent.
B)An increasing number of women took jobs in factories.
C)There was widespread unemployment.
D)Wages rose significantly faster than the cost of living.

Question 15

The National War Labor Board

A)endorsed collective bargaining to resolve labor disputes.
B)along with the War Industries Board initiated a takeover of the telegraph and telephone system.
C)permitted the leadership of the American Federation of Labor to organize strikes in war-production industries.
D)was headed by Samuel Gompers.

Question 16

Senator George Norris opposed American entry into World War I because

A)he had been born in Germany.
B)he believed it was only for financial considerations.
C)many Irish-Americans lived in his home state of Nebraska.
D)he disliked the imperialistic goals of Britain and France.

Question 17

What characterized American labor's wartime experience?

A)Intense activism and remarkable productivity
B)A significant decline in the number of strikes
C)A decline in union membership
D)The federal government's use of armed force in most labor disputes

Question 18

The Socialist Party's opposition to American involvement in World War I

A)made them unpopular with the urban working class.
B)increased their share of the vote in cities like Chicago and New York considerably.
C)prompted them to side with Germany.
D)went largely unnoticed in the heat of the public debate.

Question 19

Following his re-election in 1916, Woodrow Wilson spoke to the U.S. Senate, urging them that

A)the only lasting peace would be "peace without victory."
B)Germany had to be bombed into the middle ages.
C)Russia needed to be saved from the Bolshevik Revolution.
D)Americans ought to maintain an isolationist stand.

Question 20

How did the war affect economic relations between the United States and the Allies?

A)The German blockade crippled exports.
B)American neutrality limited economic ties.
C)The United States became more closely tied to Britain and France through increased trade.
D)There were hard feelings on both sides due to numerous broken agreements.

Question 21

An unusually large number of strikes occurred in 1919 because

A)wages had not kept up with the wartime cost of living.
B)Bolshevik organizers had infiltrated labor unions.
C)public support for unions was at a peak.
D)low levels of unemployment made union leaders overconfident.

Question 22

In the presidential election of 1920

A)Democrats won because the Republicans were divided.
B)Democrats won because newly enfranchised women supported them.
C)Republicans won in the Electoral College, though Democrats won more votes.
D)Republicans won by a landslide.

Question 23

In the 1920 election, presidential candidate Warren G. Harding

A)was by far the most popular contender in the Republican Party.
B)promised a "return to normalcy."
C)stood out for his experience in foreign policy.
D)had a well established record as a California progressive.

Question 24

What statement best describes the condition and contribution made by black troops?

A)American officials used them as cannon fodder and assigned a far greater proportion of them to front-line action than white troops.
B)American officials successfully hid their presence and assigned them exclusively to menial tasks behind the lines.
C)Several all-black units won the French Croix de Guerre .
D)African American troops were permitted to take part in a great victory parade, but the French and British refused to honor troops from their African colonies.

Question 25

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer's raids in 1919-1920

A)successfully broke up several Communist spy rings.
B)earned the support of the American Civil Liberties Union.
C)were conducted in secret so that they did not hurt his presidential ambitions.
D)led to the arrest of 5,000 people for their political views.

Question 26

The Eighteenth Amendment

A)granted women the right to vote.
B)established the federal income tax.
C)outlawed the production, sale, or transportation of alcohol.
D)made it a crime to criticize the government during wartime.

Question 27

Which statement best describes how the war affected African Americans?

A)They gained new freedoms in the South because of the demand for labor.
B)They found few new opportunities.
C)Many moved north to take better jobs.
D)The government forced states to end segregation in an effort to keep war production high.

Question 28

When opponents of the Espionage Act challenged its legality, the Supreme Court

A)upheld the right of "freedom of the press."
B)ruled that it was permissible for citizens to speak out against their country during the war.
C)ruled that freedom of speech was never absolute.
D)allowed the use of mail to opponents of the war.

Question 29

The United States Steel Corporation defeated a steelworkers' strike in 1919 by

A)forcing several thousand workers to leave their company town in the middle of winter.
B)portraying the strikers as radicals.
C)convincing the federal government to arrest the strike leaders.
D)threatening to move production overseas.

Question 30

Criminal syndicalism laws

A)aided African Americans in demanding equal rights.
B)banned political organizations made up of immigrants.
C)were designed to fight organized crime.
D)made it a criminal offense to advocate Bolsheviks or IWW ideologies.

Question 31

How did the Allies react to Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?

A)They enthusiastically supported them.
B)They only objected to the first seven points.
C)They expressed little enthusiasm for them.
D)They rejected all of them except for point fourteen.

Question 32

Half a million Americans died in 1918 and 1919 from

A)starvation
B)influenza.
C)smallpox
D)battle wounds.

Question 33

What was Woodrow Wilson trying to accomplish by presenting his Fourteen Points?

A)The establishment of a League of Nations mandate over Germany
B)Self-determination only for the peoples of Central Europe
C)A program for world peace
D)The creation of an organization that would enforce the rules of world trade

Question 34

After the Bolsheviks' seizure of power in Russia,

A)the newly formed Soviet Union dramatically increased its war effort against Germany.
B)the new communist nation formed a secret alliance with Germany.
C)Vladimir Lenin declared war on the United States.
D)Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin initiated peace negotiations with Germany.

Question 35

Henry Cabot Lodge

A)joined President Wilson's campaign for treaty ratification.
B)strongly supported Article 10 of the League Covenant.
C)led a Senate faction that sought amendments to Article 10 of the League Covenant.
D)opposed any American involvement in European affairs.

Question 36

The Treaty of Versailles did all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)require Germany to accept the blame for starting the war.
B)order Germany to pay reparations to the Allies.
C)require Germany to limit its army to 100,000 men.
D)automatically turn former German and Ottoman colonies into French and British colonies.

Question 37

Sacco and Vanzetti

A)were charged with the Wall Street bombing.
B)had tried to assassinate Attorney General Mitchell Palmer.
C)were executed for robbery and murder.
D)organized a nationwide strike in the steel industry in 1919.

Question 38

Throughout the war, Woodrow Wilson

A)referred to the United States as an Associated Power, rather than as one of the Allies.
B)promised that the United States would invade Germany through Poland.
C)trusted the Allied war aims.
D)balked at the idea of maximizing American influence.

Question 39

After the fighting in World War I had ended

A)civil war raged on in Russia.
B)the Turkish empire strengthened its hold on the Middle East.
C)Woodrow Wilson was widely condemned by French, British, and Italian mobs for preventing their countries from achieving total victory.
D)the British and French governments granted their colonies independence.

Question 40

The Selective Service Act determined draftees

A)through the National Labor Board.
B)through local draft boards.
C)in a nationwide lottery.
D)by carefully sifting through millions of applications.

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Fourteen Points

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Pancho Villa

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Creel Committee

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Great Migration

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Espionage Act

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Sedition Act

Question 48

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Triple Alliance

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Venustiano Carranza

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Arthur Zimmermann

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
American Expeditionary Force

Question 52

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Influenza

Question 53

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Triple Entente

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
U-boats

Question 55

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Presidential election of 1916

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
National War Labor Board

Question 57

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Charles Young

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Central Powers

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Bolsheviks

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Lusitania

Question 61

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
League of Nations

Question 62

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Reparations

Question 63

Ask students to consider how World War I represented the culmination of the Progressive Era.

Question 64

Assess the following statement: Despite Woodrow Wilson's reputation as an idealist in foreign policy, he actually rarely hesitated to use force to achieve his goals.

Question 65

Assess the validity of the following statement: One of the ironies of World War I was that in a war to make the world safe for democracy, the government attacked the civil liberties that make democracy possible.

Question 66

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Presidential election of 1920

Question 67

In what ways did World War I affect the lives of African Americans?

Question 68

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Palmer raids

Question 69

Why was labor strife so common following World War I?

Question 70

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Henry Cabot Lodge

Question 71

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Versailles Treaty

Question 72

What impact did World War I have on the lives of American women?