Deck 11: Urinary System Drugs

Question 1

What are the most common uroliths in cats?

A)Urate uroliths
B)Cystine uroliths
C)Calcium oxalate uroliths
D)Struvite uroliths

Answer 1

Calcium oxalate uroliths

Question 2

Which diuretic has an adverse effect of vomiting and electrolyte imbalance?

A)Potassium-sparing diuretics
B)Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C)Osmotic diuretics
D)Thiazides

Answer 2

Osmotic diuretics

Question 3

What is the main adverse effect of spironolactone?

A)Hyperkalemia
B)Vomiting
C)Hypokalemia
D)GI disturbances

Answer 3

Hyperkalemia

Question 4

Which drug is FDA-approved as an oral solution first-line treatment for hypertension in cats?

A)Carvedilol
B)Hydralazine
C)Diltiazem
D)Telmisartan

Question 5

Which hypertensive is currently the drug of choice for treating feline hypertension?

A)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
B)Calcium channel blockers
C)Angiotensin receptor blockers
D)Direct-acting arteriole vasodilators

Question 6

Which type of urolith is treated with the medication allopurinol?

A)Urate uroliths
B)Cystine uroliths
C)Calcium oxalate uroliths
D)Struvite uroliths

Question 7

Which of the following is a loop diuretic that blocks reabsorption of chloride and potassium?

A)Mannitol
B)Spironolactone
C)Hydrochlorothiazide
D)Furosemide

Question 8

Which diuretic is commonly combined with other drugs to be more effective?

A)Potassium-sparing diuretics
B)Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C)Osmotic diuretics
D)Thiazides

Question 9

How can an animal with kidney disease regulate blood phosphorous levels?

A)Through dietary management
B)Through oral medication
C)Through intravenous medication
D)Through the use of blood transfusions

Question 10

What increases the volume of urine excreted by the kidneys and thus promotes the release of water from the tissues?

A)Diuretics
B)Vasodilators
C)Hypertensives
D)Channel blockers

Question 11

What needs emergency intervention to prevent death due to rapid increases of nitrogenous waste products in affected patients and the risk of bladder rupture?

A)Kidney disease
B)Crystals
C)Uroliths
D)Renal failure

Question 12

Which of the following is often considered an emergency drug due to the rapid reduction of blood pressure that occurs after parenteral administration?

A)Carvedilol
B)Hydralazine
C)Diltiazem
D)Telmisartan

Question 13

How do diuretics work?

A)They block the sodium from entering the kidneys.
B)They increase the fluid volume in tissues.
C)They lower the fluid volume in tissues.
D)They are contraindicated for edema and high blood pressure.

Question 14

Which diuretic can be given intravenously, intramuscularly, and orally to small animals, horses, and cattle?

A)Mannitol
B)Spironolactone
C)Hydrochlorothiazide
D)Furosemide

Question 15

Which is an example of a nonselective beta blocker that is also an alpha-1 (α1)adrenergic antagonist that is used to treat dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs?

A)Aluminum hydroxide
B)Carvedilol
C)Hydralazine
D)Diltiazem

Question 16

Which diuretic blocks the enzyme that increases sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate excretion?

A)Potassium-sparing diuretics
B)Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C)Osmotic diuretics
D)Thiazides

Question 17

How are struvite stones treated in dogs?

A)With antibiotics and urinary acidifiers
B)With antibiotics only
C)With diets that dissolve the uroliths only
D)With diets that dissolve the uroliths and urinary acidifiers

Question 18

Where is urine formed?

A)In the collecting ducts
B)In the nephron
C)In the loop of Henle
D)In the Bowman's capsule

Question 19

Which of the antihypertensives relax smooth muscles of the blood vessels ?

A)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
B)Calcium channel blockers
C)Angiotensin receptor blockers
D)Direct-acting arteriole vasodilators

Question 20

Which is the main ACEI used in veterinary medicine because it is FDA approved for use in dogs and has fewer adverse effects?

A)Enalapril
B)Captopril
C)Lisinopril
D)Benazepril

Question 21

Which drugs are used to decrease blood pressure and are an adjunct treatment of congestive heart failure, systemic hypotension, or pulmonary hypertension?

A)Hormones
B)Anticholinergics
C)Adrenergic antagonists
D)Cholinergic agonists

Question 22

Which of the following is a muscle relaxant used to treat animals that have urge incontinence or urethral obstructions due to increased external urethral sphincter tone ?

A)Bethanechol
B)Diazepam
C)Estriol
D)Pseudoephedrine

Question 23

Dogs with cystine uroliths may be prescribed _____ to keep the urine in the proper pH range.

A)phenylpropanolamine
B)potassium citrate
C)allopurinol
D)propantheline

Question 24

Which uroliths are rare in cats?

A)Urate uroliths
B)Cystine uroliths
C)Calcium oxalate uroliths
D)Struvite uroliths

Question 25

Diets that are high in what ingredient can increase an animal's risk of developing urolithiasis?

A)Potassium
B)Magnesium
C)Sodium chloride
D)Water