Deck 11: Inner and East Asia

Question 1

According to neo-Confucianism, the ideal person is the

A) soldier.
B) sage.
C) monk.
D) merchant.
E) simple peasant.

Answer 1

sage.

Question 2

The Tang Empire is considered cosmopolitan because

A) it mixed styles, goods, and cultures from every part of Asia.
B) the peasants were required to live in the cities.
C) public education was mandatory.
D) the government fully supported artists, musicians, and dancers.
E) there was social equality.

Answer 2

it mixed styles, goods, and cultures from every part of Asia.

Question 3

The Tang Empire declined when

A) earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities.
B) plague swept the capital.
C) the Grand Canal silted up and the government couldn't afford to dredge it.
D) military defeats and internal revolts under mined the social order.
E) the Yellow River flooded and destroyed all of the good farmland.

Answer 3

military defeats and internal revolts under mined the social order.

Question 4

Which fabric became more important for ordinary Chine se people under the Tang as a result of Inner-Asian cultural influence?

A) Cotton
B) Hemp
C) Silk
D) Linen
E) Wool

Question 5

Which of the following cannot be said about Zhu Xi's neo-Confucianism?

A) It emphasized individual moral and social responsibility.
B) It asserted that humankind is naturally good.
C) It asserted that the ideal human is the warrior.
D) It emphasized the value of human reason.
E) It developed as a reaction to many centuries of Buddhist and Daoist intellectual dominance.

Question 6

The most serious rivals to the Tang Empire were the

A) Mongols and the Berbers.
B) Vikings and the Huns.
C) Uigurs and Tibetans.
D) Arabs and Japanese.
E) Russians and Koreans.

Question 7

As prosperity and population increased in Song China, Chinese officials

A) invented birth control methods to control population growth.
B) suppressed personal freedom and wealth.
C) sent people to fight wars in foreign lands as a population release valve.
D) developed water management, waste management, and firefighting techniques.
E) began to expand China's territory and settle people in the newly acquired lands.

Question 8

To facilitate communication and trade between northern and southern China, the Sui built the

A) Great Wall.
B) Yangtze River Highway.
C) Grand Canal.
D) Trans China Relay System.
E) Great Qin Highway.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the development of movable type and the availability of printed material is not true?

A) It gave people access to information on planting and irrigation.
B) It furthered the development of new agricultural land in the south.
C) It led to the adaptation of iron plows and rakes for wet-rice cultivation.
D) It spread information on how to prevent disease.
E) It helped spread subversive ideas and caused a number of rebellions.

Question 10

Historians state that Song technological innovations led to

A) widespread pollution and destruction of Song society.
B) constant warfare due to competition for resources.
C) abandonment of their traditional work ethic.
D) abandonment of Confucianism as incompatible with industry.
E) the Song coming close to having an industrial revolution.

Question 11

After the decline of the Tang Empire, the states that emerged were

A) Qin, Han, and Yuan.
B) Mongolia, Manchuria, and Koryo.
C) Liao, Song, and Tanggut.
D) Jurchen, Manchuria, and Siberia.
E) Turkmenistan, Guanjo, and Siam.

Question 12

Chinese maritime innovations included

A) lateen sails and astrolabes.
B) gunboats and maps.
C) compasses and large oceangoing ships.
D) the bulwark and jute rope.
E) carrier pigeons and cannon.

Question 13

Which of the following was not one of the reasons for the fall of the Sui dynasty?

A) Overextension of territory
B) The high cost of their public works programs
C) Assassination of the emperor
D) The need for massive resources
E) Adherence to Buddhism

Question 14

The Song revolutionized sea travel by inventing or improving which of the following?

A) The sextant
B) The astrolabe
C) The caravel
D) The compass
E) The trireme

Question 15

Which of the following are important technological innovations of the Song Empire?

A) The stern-mounted rudder, high-quality steel, and gunpowder
B) Silk, the saddle, and the printing press
C) The battering ram, the chariot, and the lateen sail
D) The astrolabe, the horse collar, and the crossbow
E) The clock, paper, and the cure for the plague

Question 16

What was the political influence of Buddhism in the Tang Empire?

A) It taught strict obedience to a hierarchy.
B) It taught oneness with nature.
C) It encouraged the leader to weld the people into a harmonious society.
D) It taught that the king was descended from a god.
E) It taught the Chinese tolerance for all peoples.

Question 17

The people of the Liao Empire of the Khitans

A) had a pastoral tradition and were excellent horsemen.
B) constructed the foundation of the Koryo Empire.
C) made the city now known as Beijing its capital.
D) were the builders of the Great Wall.
E) discouraged all Confucian ideas and practices as too Chinese.

Question 18

The Song system of credit was based on guarantees that paper certificates could be redeemed for coinage, a system called

A) "flying money."
B) mercantilism.
C) "xinming."
D) full faith and credit.
E) "yuan dragon."

Question 19

Some Buddhists drew upon Indian and Tibetan folk practice and created a meditative practice known as

A) yoga.
B) kung fu.
C) Chan or Zen Buddhism.
D) Ju Duo.
E) pranayama.

Question 20

During the Song period, women experienced subordination and social restriction, which were epitomized by

A) a decrease in voting rights.
B) widow-burning.
C) veiling.
D) footbinding.
E) loss of custody of their children after divorce.

Question 21

Which of the following was not true of the Song civil service examination system?

A) It was very stressful for the young men who participated in it.
B) It reduced the importance of hereditary class distinctions.
C) Candidates from peasant backgrounds succeeded just as often as candidates from wealthy families.
D) The questions were always based on Confucian classics.
E) Successful candidates received many benefits.

Question 22

In the early years of Fujiwara political dominance, the samurai were

A) mostly illiterate warriors in service to nobles.
B) a group of bureaucrats educated in the Confucian classics.
C) powerful regional warlords.
D) rich merchants.
E) Zen monks.

Question 23

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Grand Canal

Question 24

Which of the following was a Korean innovation that was borrowed by the Chinese?

A) Ink making
B) Calligraphy
C) Woodblock printing
D) Papermaking
E) Movable type

Question 25

Which of the following was not a reason why rice cultivation meshed well with Confucian values?

A) It encouraged farmers to be fiercely independent.
B) It required coordination among many villages and kin groups.
C) It tended to occur within a hierarchical social structure.
D) It depended on public works built by large numbers of people working for the common good.
E) Rice-growing societies often used surplus production to support educated urban elites.

Question 26

The Tang emperors and nobility were descended from

A) Han gentry.
B) Tibetan aristocrats.
C) Turkish elites that had settled in northern China.
D) Muslim elites based in Samarkand.
E) Uighur chieftans.

Question 27

In the early tenth century, Korea was united under which dynasty?

A) Pyongyong
B) Han
C) Paekche
D) Koryo
E) Silla

Question 28

The Song introduction of paper money caused

A) an economic boom.
B) severe inflation.
C) a dramatic increase in tax revenue.
D) the emergence of an urban commercial elite.
E) A, C and D.

Question 29

The Tang tributary system involved

A) using dams to control the many smaller rivers that branch off from the Yangzi.
B) conquered territories submitting to direct rule administered from Chang'an.
C) annual shipments of slaves for ritual sacrifice.
D) less powerful states sending diplomats and payment to Chang'an in exchange for protection.
E) less powerful states forming alliances to fight against Tang influence.

Question 30

The great gift of Champa to Song China was

A) nutritious lentils.
B) poisonous projectiles.
C) quick-ripening rice.
D) metered poetry.
E) tea.

Question 31

The rulers of the late Tang changed their policy toward Buddhism by

A) switching from Mahayana to Theravada.
B) dissolving monasteries.
C) making Buddhist religious institutions tax-exempt.
D) encouraging people to practice meditation.
E) attempting to blend it with Confucian ideas.

Question 32

Which of the following Chinese customs did the Japanese choose not to implement?

A) Architectural styles
B) A Confucian-style central government
C) The study of Buddhism
D) The Confucian legal code
E) Walls around their cities for protection

Question 33

It appears that women enjoyed greater status in Korea and Vietnam; for example,

A) samurai warriors could be either male or female.
B) the Fujiwara family was led by a matriarchy that passed property through the female line.
C) the Yi sisters of Korea led a revolt against the imposition of taxes.
D) the Trung sisters of Vietnam led local farmers in resistance against invaders.
E) women were allowed to take the civil service exam.

Question 34

Confucianism spread to East Asia with the spread of

A) the bubonic plague.
B) slavery.
C) the Chinese writing system.
D) Daoism.
E) the Mongols.

Question 35

Mahayana Buddhism flourished during the early Tang dynasty for all the following reasons except

A) it was easy to absorb local gods and goddesses by equating them with Boddhisatvas.
B) it encouraged the translation of Buddhist scripture into local languages.
C) it accepted pre-existing religious practices that were not endorsed by Buddhist texts.
D) it encouraged reverence for ancestors and pursuit of material wealth.
E) it was more attractive to ordinary people.

Question 36

Japanese emperors

A) were always from the same dynasty.
B) required the Mandate of Heaven to maintain power.
C) came from constantly changing lineages.
D) maintained tight political control.
E) were never female.

Question 37

The Song Empire was notable for its

A) ability to win in combat against the powers to its north.
B) te ndency to privilege military over civilian power.
C) maritime connections with the rest of Asia.
D) lack of cultural refinement.
E) willingness to embrace foreign ideas and practices.

Question 38

Song mathematicians introduced the computational use of

A) powers of ten.
B) trigonometry.
C) zero.
D) fractions.
E) calculus.

Question 39

Late Tang Confucian scholars condemned Buddhism for all the following except

A) being a belief system of foreign origin.
B) its lack of emphasis on family loyalty.
C) its reverence for ancestors.
D) its rejection of worldly concerns.
E) the way it encouraged women to participate in politics.

Question 40

Sei Shonagon is famou s for which of the following?

A) Being an accomplished warrior.
B) Creating the literary form of the Pillow Book.
C) Writing a collection of poetry called the Manyoshu.
D) Writing The Tale of Genji.
E) Becoming Japan's only female emperor.

Question 41

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Fujiwara

Question 42

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Zen

Question 43

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
neo-Confucianism

Question 44

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Champa rice

Question 45

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
movable type

Question 46

Discuss the absorption and also repression of Buddhism in China. What was the impact of these two trends in Asian history?

Question 47

Describe how the Tang Empire blended Chinese and Turkish elements to create what the chapter calls a "cosmopolitan world."

Question 48

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
junk

Question 49

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Kamakura shogunate

Question 50

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
shamanism

Question 51

Market roads, long-distance roads, the Grand Canal, and caravan and sea routes all had important functions under the Sui and Tang. How was the city of Chang'an a key component of this network of transportation?

Question 52

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Tang Empire

Question 53

What role did the adherence to Mahayana Buddhis m play in the early Tang era?

Question 54

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
gunpowder

Question 55

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Koryo

Question 56

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
tributary system

Question 57

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Tibet

Question 58

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Uighurs

Question 59

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Li Shimin

Question 60

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Song Empire

Question 61

What were some of the most important aspects of the Song technological explosion? How was the technological explosion shared with people?

Question 62

How did the empires of the Liao, Jin, and Tanggut in northern and Central Asia differ from Song China?

Question 63

What was the importance of Confucianism in East Asia? Why was it so readily adopted in East Asia but not in Inner Asia?