Deck 19: East Asia

Question 1

One of the consequences of Japanese aggression in the sixteenth century was the

A) creation of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.
B) defeat of weakened Chinese armies by the Manchu.
C) complete defeat of Japanese forces.
D) alliance formed among China, the Manchus, and Japan.
E) destruction of the Manchu Empire.

Answer 1

defeat of weakened Chinese armies by the Manchu.

Question 2

The Japanese called their warriors

A) daimyo.
B) samurai.
C) yujo.
D) renmin.
E) danzaemon.

Answer 2

samurai.

Question 3

Among the cross-cultural intellectual exchanges between China and Europe, variolation was

A) when diplomats spontaneously combusted.
B) an early form of inoculation against smallpox.
C) the bilingual printing of trade contracts.
D) drawing maps that showed the Eastern as well as the Western world.
E) a means by which Chinese physicians compared European anatomy to that of Asians.

Answer 3

an early form of inoculation against smallpox.

Question 4

In 1592, after years of civil war, Hideyoshi

A) launched an invasion of Korea and China.
B) was killed by his palace guard.
C) successfully pacified the country by outlawing all weapons.
D) converted to Buddhism.
E) renounced violence in all forms.

Question 5

Which of the following did not contribute to Tokugawa Japan's instability?

A) The samurai went into debt.
B) The merchants gained in power.
C) The government remained traditional in a society that was changing.
D) The introduction of Christianity caused Buddhism to die out.
E) Population and economic growth put a strain on resources.

Question 6

To gain converts, the Jesuits made what compromise?

A) They tolerated Confucian ancestor worship.
B) They allowed Chinese women to become priests.
C) They acknowledged the emperor to be a god on earth.
D) They broke away from the Catholic Church.
E) They freely mixed Buddhism and Confucianism into Orthodox Catholicism.

Question 7

A ronin was a(n)

A) moneylender.
B) elite minister of the shogun.
C) merchant.
D) masterless samurai.
E) Buddhist monk.

Question 8

What European organization was a transmitter of science and technology to China?

A) The Society of Jesus, or Jesuits
B) The Teutonic Knights
C) The Knights Templar
D) The Dominican Order, or Dominicans
E) The Royal Scientific Society

Question 9

European visitors to Ming China in the sixteenth century were

A) dissatisfied with the quality of Chinese goods.
B) trying to convince the Chinese to accept the Russian presence in Manchuria.
C) buying huge quantities of opium, which was unavailable in Europe at the time.
D) astonished by its power, manufacturing, and vast population.
E) unimpressed by China's grandeur.

Question 10

In the sixteenth century, China had an urgent need for silver because

A) it was often an ingredient of medicinal drinks.
B) the Ming fiscal system required that taxes be paid in cash.
C) farmers would only accept silver as payment for their crops.
D) it was used to make a variety of highly-fashionable luxury goods.
E) it was the only commodity European traders would accept in exchange for their manufactured goods.

Question 11

After th e Imjin war,

A) Japanese leaders fragmented into many feuding castes.
B) Korea invaded Japan.
C) Japanese leaders resigned, thus allowing a true democracy to form.
D) Japanese leaders established the Tokugawa Shogunate, a centralized military government.
E) China invaded Japan.

Question 12

Under the Qing, Europeans were permitted to trade only at

A) Beijing.
B) Canton.
C) Karakorum.
D) Calicut.
E) Chang'an.

Question 13

Who was Matteo Ricci?

A) The man responsible for domesticating rice
B) The first European to speak Chinese and Japanese
C) The Chinese emperor's prime minister to Europe
D) A Jesuit missionary who introduced European technology to China
E) The man called the Marco Polo of the eighteenth century

Question 14

What problem did the Brit ish face in their trade with China in the 1700s?

A) Britain couldn't meet China's demand for goods.
B) China had little demand for British goods.
C) China wanted British rule in Canton to facilitate trade.
D) British demand for Chinese goods collapsed after 1700, causing the Canton trade base to become unprofitable.
E) A gold deposit was required as goodwill collateral before any trade could occur.

Question 15

The VOC (Dutch East India Company) representatives gained the favor of the Chinese emperor by

A) acknowledging him with the ritual of the kowtow.
B) providing him with concubines.
C) providing him with bribes.
D) freeing the royal family members held hostage by Ming loyalists.
E) providing him with beautiful clocks.

Question 16

The British Macartney mission was an attempt to

A) persuade China to revise its trade system.
B) find a lost British missionary , George M acartney.
C) assassinate the emperor's main rival.
D) convert the Chinese to Christianity.
E) establish diplomatic ties with Japan.

Question 17

Which empire replaced the Ming Empire of China?

A) Qing Empire
B) Han Empire
C) Yuan Empire
D) Yi Empire
E) Qin Empire

Question 18

Merchants from which country were the first to arrive in East Asia?

A) Spain
B) Portugal
C) England
D) Holland
E) Italy

Question 19

The main form of economic exchange in the Tokugawa Shogunate was

A) coins.
B) land.
C) political power.
D) rice.
E) stock options.

Question 20

Population growth in China in the 1700s led to

A) a better standard of living due to cheap labor.
B) massive unionization of Chinese workers.
C) better working conditions among artisans.
D) severe environmental problems.
E) an economic boom as demand for goods rose as well.

Question 21

The Jesuit missionaries who arrived in Japan in the sixteenth century had most success winning converts among

A) members of the Japanese elite.
B) ordinary people.
C) the samurai.
D) Buddhist monks.
E) members of the imperial court.

Question 22

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Manchu

Question 23

The Imjin war served all of the following purposes for the Japanese government except

A) it kept the most powerful daimyo from being able to plan a revolt.
B) it forced Christian daimyo to go overseas, limiting their influence at home.
C) impressed warlords who might want to be rivals of Hideyoshi's government.
D) it allowed Japan to dominate East Asian trade networks.
E) it provided an opportunity for Buddhist missionaries to spread their faith.

Question 24

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Qing Empire

Question 25

The eighteenth-century French thinker Voltaire argued that China's emperors were

A) much like European monarchs.
B) philosopher kings who could be a model for European rulers.
C) exemplary practitioners of democracy.
D) ruthless dictators who placed little value on human rights.
E) racially inferior.

Question 26

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Amur River

Question 27

The Incident of the Forty-Seven Ronin is important in Japanese history because

A) it led to the passage of a law against committing seppuku .
B) it showed the triumph of military ideals over civil law.
C) it showed the triumph of civil law over military ideals.
D) it showed the extent to which Japan remained a society controlled by the daimyo .
E) it revealed that the shogun's power was declining.

Question 28

According to the Confucian value system the Tokugawa shoguns embraced,

A) merchants had a privileged status because they brought prosperity.
B) merchants were considered morally weak.
C) merchants were respected, but not as privileged as farmers.
D) farmers were less favored than merchants, because farmers did manual labor.
E) manufacturing was considered more important than agriculture.

Question 29

Which of the following was not a problem faced by rural people in the late Ming period?

A) A generally colder climate.
B) Slow adoption of innovative crops and farming techniques.
C) Epidemics.
D) Turmoil caused by government policies intended to increase agricultural productivity.
E) Economic depression.

Question 30

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Kangxi

Question 31

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
daimyo

Question 32

The organization that managed Britain's trade with China was

A) the East India Company.
B) the East Asia Company.
C) the Royal Navy.
D) Parliament.
E) the China Sea Company.

Question 33

The primary reason the Tokugawa Shogunate sharply limited trade and other contact with Europeans was to

A) protect Japanese manufacturers from competition.
B) discourage all forms of commerce, which were seen as unjustly supporting the merchant class.
C) increase the power of the Samurai class.
D) halt the spread of Christianity.
E) make a good impression on China.

Question 34

The Treaty of Nerchinsk established the border between

A) China and Mongolia.
B) China and Russia.
C) Russia and Japan.
D) Russia and Korea.
E) China and Korea.

Question 35

Eighteenth-century European merchants traded for all the following Chinese goods except

A) jade.
B) painted fans.
C) clocks.
D) wallpaper.
E) porcelain.

Question 36

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Tokugawa Shogunate

Question 37

The Jesuits had more success than Dominican and Franciscan missionaries to China because

A) their preaching was more intensely emotional.
B) they appealed more to the common people.
C) their superior intellectual training allowed them to win arguments with Confucian scholars.
D) they adapted Catholicism to Chinese cultural traditions.
E) denounced European science and technology.

Question 38

According to the text, what were the primary reasons for the fall of the Ming Empire?

A) Declining rural population and government corruption.
B) Government corruption and the Little Ice Age.
C) Internal rebellion and threats from enemies on the borders.
D) Internal rebellion and government corruption.
E) Economic depression and lack of agricultural innovation.

Question 39

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
samurai

Question 40

The first European trading base in China was

A) Canton.
B) Shanghai.
C) Macao.
D) Taiwan.
E) Hong Kong.

Question 41

The growth of the early Qing Empire was fueled by the desire to create an economic and demographic recovery in China. What did the Qing government do to stimulate that recovery?

Question 42

What internal and external pressures did Japan face during its period of reunification? How did Japan deal with these challenges?

Question 43

Consider the J apanese and Chinese empires from 1500 to 1800. What kinds of social structur es and bureaucratic arrangements were used to maintain order and control in each of these lands? How did each manage its population? Compare and contrast these empires.

Question 44

How did the Tokugawa Shogunate fall into decline and crisis?

Question 45

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Macartney mission

Question 46

Explain how the European relationship with China changed from astonishment and admiration to criticism and frustration.