Deck 12: Leadership

Question 1

According to your text, _____ emerge as leaders most often.

A) males
B) both most often emerge
C) high self-monitors
D) neither most often emerges

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Examples of ______ include setting goals, making decisions, and rewarding and punishing subordinates.

A) task orientation
B) consideration
C) person orientation
D) attention

Answer 2

A

Question 3

According to one study, the best way to hire a CEO is look for:

A) masculinity
B) personality
C) leadership early in the applicant's career
D) all of these are the best ways

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following leadership styles is high in both person and task orientation?

A) Team
B) Country club
C) Theory X
D) Impoverished

Question 5

Hogan (1989) has identified characteristics associated with poor leadership. According to your text, which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with poor leadership?

A) Cognitive deficiencies
B) Personality
C) Lack of training
D) All three of these are associated

Question 6

Research has identified certain traits that differentiate leaders from non-leaders (leader emergence). Which of the following traits is NOT one of these differentiating traits?

A) Self-monitoring
B) Conscientiousness
C) Agreeableness
D) Openness

Question 7

Leaders who are high in person orientation and low in task orientation will have:

A) high performance
B) low turnover
C) high turnover
D) a high grievance rate

Question 8

According to Hogan (1989) poor leaders are unable to learn from experience and are unable to think strategically. Which characteristic is this a description for?

A) Cognitive deficiencies
B) Personality
C) Lack of training
D) None of these is the right description

Question 9

Which of the following leadership types is not high in task orientation?

A) Impoverished
B) Initiating structure
C) Theory X
D) Team

Question 10

The Thematic Apperception test measures needs for:

A) socialization and acceptance
B) power, affiliation, and acceptance
C) leadership
D) power, affiliation, and achievement

Question 11

Julie was a leader throughout junior high and high school. She is bright and is well-adjusted. How good of a manager would we predict she would be?

A) Good
B) Poor
C) Average
D) We couldn't make a prediction

Question 12

The Job Choice Exercise measures needs for:

A) socialization and acceptance
B) power, affiliation, and acceptance
C) leadership
D) power, affiliation, and achievement

Question 13

A commonly used instrument to measure a person's need for power and affiliation is the:

A) Rorschach
B) Thematic Apperception Test
C) Employee Personality Inventory
D) Wonderlic Personnel Inventory

Question 14

An interesting extension of the trait theory of leader performance suggests that certain traits are necessary requirements for leadership excellence but do not guarantee it. Instead, leadership excellence is a function of:

A) specific behaviors performed as a leader
B) how well people follow your leadership
C) the right person being in the right place
D) appropriate modeling behavior training

Question 15

Which of the following leadership styles is not high in person orientation?

A) Country club
B) Initiating structure
C) Consideration
D) Theory Y

Question 16

Leaders who are high in both task and person orientations will have:

A) high performance
B) low turnover
C) a low grievance rate
D) all of three of these results

Question 17

Meta-analyses indicate that several traits differentiate excellent leaders from poor leaders. Intelligence is one of the traits and _______ is another.

A) cooperation
B) extraversion
C) calmness
D) masculinity

Question 18

Leaders who are high in task orientation and low in person orientation will have:

A) low performance
B) low turnover
C) a high grievance rate
D) a low grievance rate

Question 19

People scoring _____ in self-monitoring should be effective leaders.

A) very low
B) low
C) moderately
D) high

Question 20

Research by McClelland and Burnham (1976) and McClelland and Boyatzis (1982) has demonstrated that high performance managers have a "leadership motive pattern." This pattern is characterized by a high need for ____ and a low need for ______.

A) power / affiliation
B) affiliation / power
C) achievement / power
D) power / achievement

Question 21

According to House's path goal theory, a leader can adopt one of ____ behavioral leadership styles to handle each situation.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Question 22

Which of the following theories uses the Least-Preferred Coworker scale to help a person understand their leadership style?

A) IPMACT theory
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) Path goal theory
D) McGregor's theory X and theory Y

Question 23

According to Path-Goal Theory, a manager who sets challenging goals and rewards increases in performance has a(n) _____ style of leadership.

A) instrumental
B) supportive
C) participative
D) achievement-oriented

Question 24

According to your text, _______ is probably the only training program in the country concentrating on changing the situation rather than the leader.

A) Lead Now!
B) Leader Match
C) contingency training
D) Lead or Follow!

Question 25

Insecure leaders who are outwardly charming but resent successful people are known as _____ whereas leaders who overcome their insecurity by being overconfident are known as _____.

A) narcissists / high likability floaters
B) narcissists/paranoids‑passive aggressive
C) high likability floaters/narcissists
D) paranoids-passive aggressive / narcissists

Question 26

A factor that is related to Fiedler's Contingency Model is the favorableness of a situation. According to this theory, the favorableness of a situation is determined by three variables. Which of the following is NOT one of these three variables?

A) Task structure
B) Leader position power
C) Size of the organization
D) Leader-member relations

Question 27

______ leaders are insecure and seldom rock the boat or cause trouble.

A) Narcissistic
B) High likability floater
C) Obsessive-compulsive
D) Paranoid/passive-aggressive

Question 28

High LPC leaders perform best when the situational favorability is:

A) low
B) high
C) moderate
D) ambiguous

Question 29

A manager orders her staff to do a task. She is leading through _____ style which is effective in climates of _______.

A) coercive/instability
B) tactical/disorganization
C) position/instability
D) magnetic/despair

Question 30

A leader with a ____ style of leadership would function best in a climate of ignorance.

A) information
B) magnetic
C) position
D) affiliation

Question 31

What is the name of Fiedler's training program?

A) Fiedler's training program
B) Contingency training
C) Leader Match
D) Lead or follow

Question 32

Leaders with ____ styles lead through energy whereas a leader with affiliation style leadsthrough _____.

A) tactical / strategy
B) position/power
C) magnetic / liking
D) strategy/coercion

Question 33

_______ are leaders who overcome their insecurity by overconfidence.

A) Narcissists
B) Paranoid/passive-aggressive
C) Obsessive-compulsive
D) High likability floater

Question 34

A leader with a _______ style leads through the use of strategy and is most effective in a situation of disorganization.

A) tactical
B) coercive
C) magnetic
D) affiliation

Question 35

According to _______, leaders are one of six behavioral types and each type is only effective in a particular situation.

A) IMPACT theory
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) path goal theory
D) McGregor's theory X and theory Y

Question 36

Under IMPACT Theory, a leader can become effective by:

A) changing her style to meet the situation
B) finding a climate consistent with her style
C) using strategy and affiliation
D) both a and b

Question 37

Based on the Path Goal theory, House (1971) believes that a leader's behavior will be accepted by subordinates only to the extent to which the behavior:

A) is forced upon the followers
B) will increase overall productivity
C) helps subordinates achieve their goals
D) none of these are important factors

Question 38

Hogan (1989) has identified three personality types that a poor leader might adopt. Which of the following is NOT one of the three personality types adopted by poor leaders?

A) Narcissists
B) Paranoid/passive-aggressive
C) Obsessive-compulsive
D) High likability floater

Question 39

According to the IMPACT theory of leadership, which of the following behavioral styles works best in a situation of despair?

A) Informational
B) Magnetic
C) Affiliation
D) Position

Question 40

Which of the four behavioral leadership styles proposed by House calls for planning, organizing, and controlling the activities of employees?

A) Instrumental
B) Supportive
C) Participative
D) Achievement-oriented

Question 41

According to French and Raven, power for leaders may lie in the positive feelings that others hold for them. Which of the following is the term used for this type of power?

A) Expert
B) Referent
C) Legitimate
D) Reward

Question 42

According to Fiedler, what factors determine the favorability of a situation?

Question 43

According to Situational Leadership Theory, the most effective leader behavior to use on staff who are unable and unwilling to do a job is:

A) directing
B) delegating
C) supporting
D) coaching

Question 44

According to Project GLOBE, cultures can differ on _____, the extent to which individuals express pride in their organizations and families.

A) in-group collectivism
B) humane orientation
C) social collectivism
D) power distance

Question 45

In _______, leaders reflect on their own ethics, core beliefs, and values.

A) IMPACT theory
B) ethics-based leadership
C) authentic leadership
D) situational leadership

Question 46

_____ leadership focuses on task-oriented behaviors whereas _____ leadership focuses on long-term goals.

A) Transformational / transactional
B) Transactional / LMX
C) LMX / transformational
D) Transactional / transformational

Question 47

French and Raven (1959) propose five types of power that a leader can use. Which of the following types of power is inherent in the position a person holds?

A) Expert
B) Referent
C) Reward
D) Legitimate

Question 48

Managers whose power comes from their knowledge have ____ power whereas leaders who obtain power because of their position have ______ power.

A) expert/coercive
B) referent/legitimate
C) legitimate/expert
D) expert/legitimate

Question 49

Sam Walton's strong emphasis on customer service at Walmart demonstrates the importance of ____ in being a great leader.

A) vision
B) differentiation
C) values
D) flaws

Question 50

A leader who shows concern for employees has a ______ style of leadership, whereas one who lets employees participate in decision making uses a _____ style.

A) instrumental/supportive
B) affiliation/supportive
C) achievement oriented
D) supportive/participative

Question 51

Visionary charismatic managers are often known as ____ leaders.

A) consultative
B) expert
C) transactional
D) transformational

Question 52

The Vroom-Yetton Model of Leadership focuses on_______.

A) leader behavior
B) leader characteristics
C) leader decision making
D) leader performance

Question 53

What are the four characteristics related to leader emergence?

Question 54

According to Hogan, what are the three reasons leaders are not successful?

Question 55

A team of staff who are knowledgeable about a task but are not sure they want to do the task should be led by a ______ approach.

A) directing
B) coaching
C) supporting
D) delegating

Question 56

______ Theory states that leaders develop different roles and act differently with different subordinates .

A) Leader-Member Exchange
B) Path/Goal
C) IMPACT
D) Fiedler's Contingency

Question 57

A new manager is assigned staff who are unsure about a task but are willing to do it. She should use a ______ approach.

A) supporting
B) delegating
C) directing
D) coaching

Question 58

According to IMPACT theory, what are the six leadership styles and their corresponding climates?

Question 59

A leader who uses an achievement-oriented style:

A) shares information with employees
B) shows concern for employees
C) sets goals and rewards performance
D) controls rewards and punishment

Question 60

Under Situational Leadership Theory, a leader uses one of these four behavioral styles:

A) coercing/delegating/supporting/coaching
B) delegating/directing/supporting/coaching
C) directing/rewarding/affiliation/coaching
D) delegating/directing/supporting/structuring

Question 61

According to IMPACT theory, what are the four strategies for becoming an effective leader?

Question 62

According to French and Raven, what are the major types of power?

Question 63

According to path-goal theory, what are the four leadership styles?