Deck 25: War and Revolution

Question 1

Who was in the Triple Entente but not the Entente Cordiale?

A) Russia
B) France
C) Britain
D) Austro-Hungary
E) Germany

Answer 1

Russia

Question 2

The most brutal tactic causing the most casualties was ______________.

A) the use of chemical weapons
B) heavy artillery
C) hand-to-hand combat
D) trench warfare
E) air combat

Answer 2

trench warfare

Question 3

At the outset of war, Germany marched into ______________.

A) Poland
B) Belgium
C) France
D) Serbia
E) Ukraine

Answer 3

Belgium

Question 4

What was the significance of the Russian defeat at the Battle of Tannenberg?

A) Russians showed they had inadequate military leadership.
B) Germany took a significant port city and shut of supplies to Russia in the Baltic.
C) Serbia had to come to their assistance.
D) Russia would not be able to attack on German soil again during the war.
E) Tsar Nicholas II was killed in battle.

Question 5

The stalemate of trench warfare arose in the West at which site of battle?

A) Marne
B) Ypres
C) Verdun
D) Artois
E) Somme

Question 6

The main factor that escalated the onset of war after the assassination of the archduke was ______________.

A) Serbia's refusal to capitulate to Austria's ultimatum
B) the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks in Russia
C) Russia's siege of Istanbul
D) Germany's occupation of Alsace and Lorraine
E) mobilization of the Italian army against the Dalmatian Coast

Question 7

The Triple Alliance was a coalition among which countries?

A) England, France, and Germany
B) England, Italy, and Russia
C) Russia, Germany, and Austria
D) Austria, Germany, and Italy
E) Austria, England, and France

Question 8

Which of the following ideologies was most responsible for the onset of World War I?

A) Communism
B) Capitalism
C) Socialism
D) Nationalism
E) Feminism

Question 9

The "hot spot" for contention over upsetting the balance of power in Europe was in ______________.

A) Poland
B) the Balkan states
C) the Baltic States
D) Finland
E) Persia

Question 10

France looked for an alliance network because it felt most threatened by which European power?

A) Austro-Hungary
B) England
C) Russia
D) Germany
E) The Ottoman empire

Question 11

The Schlieffen Plan hinged on what tactic?

A) Britain not challenging Germany's occupation of Belgium
B) Rapid movement of German troops into position to take France
C) Delaying German engagement of Russia until the Western Front had been established
D) Germany bypassing French border fortresses to get to the North Sea
E) All of these.

Question 12

The immediate cause of World War I was ______________.

A) Germany's occupation of Belgium to get to France
B) Russia's threat to Austria for annexing Bosnia-Herzegovina
C) the assassination of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand
D) the German invasion of Poland
E) the death of the Ottoman sultan

Question 13

The first of the European nations to declare war on another at the start of World War I was ______________.

A) France
B) Germany
C) Russia
D) Austria
E) England

Question 14

Germany declared war on Russia in 1914 because ______________.

A) Russia had entered an alliance with England
B) France had already declared war on Germany
C) Serbia was too valuable a territory to lose to Austria
D) Austria was already at war and German involvement seemed inevitable
E) after the Schlieffen Plan failed, Germany wanted the element of surprise

Question 15

Which country joined the Triple Alliance as part of the Central Powers later in the war?

A) Italy
B) The Ottoman Empire
C) Spain
D) France
E) Belgium

Question 16

Which treaty member refused to support the original alliance and switched sides?

A) Italy
B) England
C) France
D) Russia
E) The Ottoman Empire

Question 17

The beginning of World War I was greeted with ______________.

A) enthusiasm and patriotism
B) popular protest at the diplomatic failure
C) strong condemnation of the liberal factions
D) sheer joy by the military industrialists
E) caution and nervousness by the neutral countries of Europe

Question 18

Which was a result of the Balkan Wars?

A) The Ottoman empire ruled Greece.
B) Serbia's power waned.
C) Peace was firmly established in the region.
D) Bulgaria was weakened.
E) Albania's Muslims were massacred.

Question 19

Which of the following was not a factor in provoking World War I?

A) Nationalism
B) Resentment over territorial losses in the imperial competition among European states
C) Advances in military technology
D) Political alliances frayed by interfamilial marriage
E) The decline of the Ottoman Empire

Question 20

What miscalculation did each nation make in its war enthusiasm?

A) Underestimating the military prowess of Germany
B) Assuming that all colonial territories would go to the victorious side from the losers
C) Believing that the war would be over quickly
D) The neutral nations believed that by staying out of it, they would be exempt from participation
E) Each side counted on the United States to throw support toward them

Question 21

Which was not a belief expressed by Lenin's "April Theses"?

A) The war was imperialist.
B) The Provisional government was the way forward for Russia.
C) No peace would be possible without the overthrow of capital.
D) The police should be overthrown.
E) The Soviet bank should be abolished.

Question 22

The events that led to the overthrow of Nicholas II began on ______________.

A) Easter Sunday
B) Christmas Eve
C) New Year's Day
D) May Day
E) International Women's Day

Question 23

What intensified anti-German feelings in the United States in 1915?

A) The sinking of the Lusitania
B) The Battle of Jutland
C) The use of total war as a tactic
D) The use of poison gas in trench warfare
E) German aircraft attacks by the Red Baron

Question 24

What was the Bolshevik secret police called?

A) The KGB
B) The Duma
C) The NKVD
D) The Cheka
E) The politburo

Question 25

What was Germany's intent in its strategy at the Battle of Verdun in 1916?

A) To cut off internal access to Paris
B) To prevent a flank of British troops from attempting to join the French
C) To inflict the greatest number of casualties possible in a battle of attrition
D) To demonstrate their superior fire power to the French
E) To break through the final line of French defense and take Paris

Question 26

Which best exemplifies the nationalist actions during wartime?

A) The Bolshevik Revolution
B) The Irish Easter Uprising in 1916
C) Gandhi's passive resistance sit-ins
D) German Pals Units enlistment
E) East Africa's colonial uprising against Germany

Question 27

The first instance of genocide during World War I was seen in which of the following?

A) The Armenian Massacre by the Turkish
B) Suppression of the Zulu uprising
C) Italian massacre of Ethiopians
D) Turkish execution of Arab nationalists
E) Russian killing of Ukrainians

Question 28

Tsar Nicholas II felt indebted to Rasputin because ______________.

A) he spied on the serfs
B) he was an enemy of the Bolsheviks
C) he was a war hero
D) he eased his hemophilic son's bleeding
E) he was in support of the war

Question 29

What was the new technical advantage introduced at the Battle of the Somme?

A) Gas canisters
B) Mustard gas
C) The tank
D) Shrapnel
E) Machine gun

Question 30

The Balfour Declaration was controversial in the Middle East because ______________.

A) it proposed that the Ottoman Empire be partitioned between England and France
B) it allowed for the creation of a Jewish home state in Palestine
C) it gave Britain permanent control over Egypt and access to the Suez Canal
D) France received little assistance in controlling North Africa
E) None of these.

Question 31

What nation formed a "Woman's Battalion of Death" to serve in combat and shame recalcitrant male soldiers?

A) England
B) France
C) Germany
D) The United States
E) Russia

Question 32

The territory between two opposing enemy lines of trenches was called ______________.

A) suicide alley
B) lead lane
C) no man's land
D) the great waste
E) the corpse copse

Question 33

Trench warfare was characterized by ______________.

A) relative immobilization
B) rampant disease
C) deadly stalemates with numerous deaths
D) an impassable section of territory called no man's land
E) All of these.

Question 34

What was true of war propaganda?

A) An unrealistic model trench was built in London.
B) It was generally upbeat.
C) It had little effect on the war's outcome.
D) It was almost unbearable for returning soldiers to witness.
E) All of these.

Question 35

What best explains why the term total war was applicable to World War I?

A) It relied on the participation of all members of the population to mobilize and win the war.
B) It involved all the nations of Europe.
C) It was an all-inclusive war that killed both soldiers and civilians.
D) It overlapped international and domestic civil wars.
E) It involved every kind of military technology available.

Question 36

Who was the only person to hold posts in both the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet?

A) Vladimir Lenin
B) Alexander Kerensky
C) Leon Trotsky
D) Grigory Rasputin
E) Alexandra Kolontai

Question 37

Who nearly destroyed his career by throwing his support behind the disastrous Gallipoli campaign?

A) Henri Pétain
B) Winston Churchill
C) Paul Nash
D) Alexandra Kollontai
E) Leon Trotsky

Question 38

Germany countered the British naval blockade with ______________.

A) trench warfare
B) unrestricted submarine warfare
C) targeting of civilian populations
D) disregard of neutrality policies
E) All of these.

Question 39

In 1915, in an attempt to break the deadlock of trench warfare, Germany developed what weapon?

A) Artillery shells
B) Poison gas
C) Incendiary devices lobbed from planes
D) Germ warfare
E) Flame-throwers

Question 40

The Defense of The Realm Act ______________.

A) was a German measure to limit civil unrest
B) was the French response to Verdun
C) was a British effort to limit free speech
D) was an American law to monitor spies
E) was a Russian response to the Bolsheviks

Question 41

Russia was drawn out of World War I by what crisis?

A) The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
B) The failure of the provisional government
C) The seizure of power by the Bolsheviks in 1917
D) The imminent eruption of civil war
E) All of these.

Question 42

Why was Italy looked at as a "junior" partner in the Triple Alliance? What benefits did Italy supply to its partners?

Question 43

How did technology transform the battlefields of World War I?

Question 44

What factors predisposed Russia toward failure in war and end to its monarchy?

Question 45

Which of the following was not a term of the peace treaty ending World War I?

A) Germany had to give back Alsace-Lorraine.
B) The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was declared void.
C) Germany had to disarm entirely.
D) Austria was forced to pay war reparations to Serbia.
E) The Allied naval blockade of Germany would continue until a final peace settlement was reached.

Question 46

How was the first impact of America's entry into World War I felt?

A) Economically
B) Militarily
C) Politically
D) Socially
E) Provisionally

Question 47

Which of the following areas was not a newly independent state after the War?

A) Ukraine
B) Hungary
C) Poland
D) Finland
E) Vienna

Question 48

Discuss the two systems of alliances that brought the European powers to war.

Question 49

Why was the United States brought into World War I officially in 1917?

A) Germany's sinking of ships violated neutrality treaties.
B) Trade agreements with Britain enriched U.S. arms manufacturers.
C) The general population supported the war.
D) To make the world safe for democracy
E) Germany imposed a trade embargo on chemicals and machinery.

Question 50

The only empire remaining at the end of the war was ______________.

A) the Ottoman Empire
B) the Russian Empire
C) the Austro-Hungarian Empire
D) the Balkan Empire
E) None of these.

Question 51

How did the nation-states of Europe take an active role in promoting war operations at the outset of World War I?

Question 52

Why did Germany believe victory was still possible in 1917?

A) They had gained considerable lands on the Eastern Front.
B) The Russian Civil War meant that Russia dropped out of the war.
C) The United States maintained a policy of non-intervention.
D) Austrian and German forces defeated the Italians at the Battle of Caporetto.
E) All of these.

Question 53

What was the role of women in World War I?

Question 54

Why did Lenin agree to the terms of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk?

A) He wanted to focus on the civil war in Russia.
B) He wanted to divest Russia of the capitalist means of production.
C) He was sure that the revolution would eventually universalize all lands anyway.
D) He believed it was the only means by which Socialists could survive in Russia.
E) Trotsky said that it was the best Russia could do.

Question 55

What were the sources of tension in the Balkans?

Question 56

Describe the trench warfare of World War I .

Question 57

Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace was known as what?

A) The League of Nations
B) The Fourteen Points
C) Paris Peace Accords
D) The Geneva Convention
E) The October Manifesto

Question 58

What was inflammatory about the Zimmerman telegram?

A) It attempted to bring Mexico into the war on the side of the Central Powers.
B) It asked Mexico to engage in war with the United States to draw it out of the European arena.
C) It promised Mexico the return of land lost to the United States in the nineteenth century if it would side with Germany.
D) It offered Mexico control of Spain at the end of the war for engaging the United States.
E) None of these.

Question 59

Discuss the state of Europe after the war, and describe the effects the war had in dispelling nationalism's influences.

Question 60

What made the Treaty of Versailles problematic in achieving its goals of a lasting peace?

Question 61

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Balkan Wars

Question 62

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Pan-Slavism

Question 63

How did governments enforce controls so their populations would focus on "total war"?

Question 64

The modern innovation of trench warfare made the battlefields of World War I seem deceptively sanitary.

Question 65

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Schlieffen Plan

Question 66

Tsar Nicholas II voluntarily abdicated the throne of Russia.

Question 67

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Entente Cordiale

Question 68

The Japanese and American economies prospered during World War I.

Question 69

The primary event that sparked the beginning of World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Question 70

Military planners expected World War I to be long and involved because of new weapons and technology.

Question 71

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
No man's land

Question 72

Discuss the April Theses of V.I. Lenin.

Question 73

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Triple Alliance

Question 74

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Triple Entente

Question 75

The French stopped the German advance in the First Battle of the Marne.

Question 76

Radical Socialists in Germany, Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht, supported Germany's nationalistic declaration of World War I.

Question 77

The Schlieffen Plan failed in France.

Question 78

An English officer named T.E. Lawrence dressed in Arab clothing and fought the Turks.

Question 79

U.S. President Wilson brought America into World War I under the pressure of the sinking of the Lusitania .

Question 80

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Verdun