Deck 29: Lifting the Iron Curtain

Question 1

The Antiballistic Missile Treaty was intended to ______________.

A) check the growth of nuclear weapons
B) restrict the ownership of nuclear weapons to members of the UN Security Council
C) outlaw certain types of nuclear weapons
D) promote disarmament of each side
E) do all of these

Answer 1

check the growth of nuclear weapons

Question 2

Thatcher's appeal to British imperialism was best demonstrated in ______________.

A) the Falklands War
B) England's fight for unity in Ireland and Scotland
C) her support of striking coal miners
D) an open emigration policy for all former British imperial territories
E) her support of apartheid in South Africa

Answer 2

the Falklands War

Question 3

What was the breaking point of détente under Willy Brandt?

A) His repression of immigration from across the eastern border
B) His involvement in a series of espionage scandals that made the west look inattentive to Soviet spy campaigns
C) The economic downturn of the 1970s
D) The west German population objected to the military installments of foreign nations in their country
E) The assassination of Israeli Olympic athletes in Munich gave the impression of lack of vigilance

Answer 3

His involvement in a series of espionage scandals that made the west look inattentive to Soviet spy campaigns

Question 4

The significant change in Soviet policies in 1979 was demonstrated by what action?

A) Repression of Polish workers' activism
B) Repudiation of Chinese Communism
C) Diplomatic recognition of North Korea
D) Funding of Latin American rebel insurgencies
E) Invasion of Afghanistan

Question 5

The second oil crisis spurred by the Iranian Revolution encouraged what action?

A) Military occupation of the Middle East
B) Withdrawal from discussion in the Common Market about creating a common monetary unit
C) Economic isolation of Iran by Westernized countries
D) Multinational investment in Venezuelan oil extraction
E) Further development of hydroelectric and solar energy options

Question 6

What was one of the most important points underscored by the energy crisis?

A) Economic processes were becoming increasingly globalized.
B) Industrialized nations needed to look to third world countries for energy alternatives.
C) The need for Green Party inclusion in policy making decisions.
D) Americans decided to increase domestic oil production.
E) Third-world countries with oil could suddenly become economically and politically powerful.

Question 7

The policy that Nixon engineered as a major shift in international politics was called ______________.

A) détente
B) Ostpolitik
C) rapprochement
D) isolation
E) bilateral accords

Question 8

What was Ostpolitik?

A) The policy that forced East Germany to remain culturally isolated from West Germany.
B) A means of reconciling West Germany's policies with the Communist East German government.
C) The perpetuation of the arms race between East and West.
D) A cultural program that elevated Eastern Germany sports, academics, and arts above the West.
E) The law that students in East Germany could temporarily study "abroad" in Western European nations.

Question 9

What was the left-wing terrorist organization that invoked radical action in Italy?

A) Christian Democrats
B) Black Shirts
C) Carbonari
D) Red Brigade
E) Ordino Nuov

Question 10

Which of the following was one of Margaret Thatcher's less popular fiscal policies?

A) Maintaining an embargo against China
B) Curtailing social welfare programs
C) Increasing military expenditures despite rising unemployment
D) Centralizing government control of industries in Britain.
E) Withdrawal from the EEC

Question 11

As part of Cold War suspicions, what was the American interpretation of the USSR invasion of Afghanistan?

A) Saw it as an attempt to expand Communist influence into central Asia
B) Viewed American policies as weak in not declaring war
C) Moved American missiles in western Europe to Defcon 1
D) Read it as a challenge to the balance of power in the Persian Gulf.
E) Saw a massive conspiracy between Islamic fundamentalists allying with hardline communists.

Question 12

One of the groups that rose through grassroots politics to influence the environment was the ______________.

A) Green Party
B) Red Brigade
C) Black Panthers
D) Rainbow Coalition
E) Blue Riders

Question 13

The German chancellor who sought normalization of relations between East and West Germany was ______________.

A) Helmut Kohl
B) Helmut Schmidt
C) Konrad Adenauer
D) Willy Brandt
E) Angela Merckel

Question 14

Significant opposition to nuclear power was demonstrated after the malfunction of which power plant?

A) San Onofre
B) Chernobyl
C) Fukushima
D) Greenham Common
E) None of these.

Question 15

The first socialist head of government in France since Léon Blum was ______________.

A) Charles de Gaulle
B) François Mitterand
C) Jacques Chirac
D) George Pompidou
E) Nicholas Sarkozy

Question 16

The use of terrorism in Ireland against the British presence was demonstrated by the ______________.

A) Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association
B) Unionists
C) Irish Republican Army
D) Euskara Separatist Brigade
E) Ulster League

Question 17

What was the purpose of the Yom Kippur War of 1973?

A) Palestinian rebels took arms against the Israeli settlements on the West bank.
B) Arab sympathizers in Syria began an assault on Israeli occupied territory.
C) An alliance of Arab nations renewed warfare against Israel as a protest of American involvement in Iran.
D) Egypt attacked Israel to regain territory it lost in a war in 1967.
E) None of these.

Question 18

As a means of economic retaliation, the Arab oil embargo protested ______________.

A) the consolidation of the European Economic Committee into the European Union
B) American withdrawal from Vietnam
C) Western support of a monarchy in Iran
D) Western support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War
E) the United States oil contracts with South China

Question 19

The Helsinki Final Act of 1975 was ______________.

A) committed to ensuring the human rights of all the signatories' citizens
B) an international agreement to ban above-ground nuclear testing
C) the negotiated end of the Vietnam War
D) the creation of the European Union
E) the recognition of the final terms of Berlin's occupation at the end of World War II

Question 20

Which nation was not welcomed into the Common Market in the 1980s?

A) Spain
B) Greece
C) Britain
D) Portugal
E) All nations were welcome.

Question 21

One of the results of the sexual revolution was ______________.

A) looser morals
B) the advent of the AIDS epidemic
C) earlier sexual activity and more partners
D) less availability of contraception
E) later age at marriage

Question 22

A significant transition in communist economies was demonstrated with what?

A) Agreement to the Strategic Arms Limitations reductions negotiated by Kissinger
B) Discarding the command economy model
C) Shifting to production of consumer goods
D) Lifting Soviet embargos with China
E) Perestroika

Question 23

Which of the following were key features of the sexual revolution in the late twentieth century?

A) Increased openness about homosexuality
B) Increased availability of birth control allowing women freedom of choice in sexual relations
C) Decreased birthrates throughout Europe
D) Its portrayal in pop culture
E) All of these.

Question 24

The last western European country to decriminalize abortion was ______________.

A) France
B) Italy
C) Belgium
D) Spain
E) Austria

Question 25

The exception to religious decline was found as an expression of political unity in which countries?

A) Poland and Romania
B) Russia and Serbia
C) Greece and Serbia
D) Poland and Ireland
E) Ireland and Greece

Question 26

Fatima Mernissi was ______________.

A) raised in a harem
B) educated in Morocco, the Sorbonne, and the United States
C) a scholar of the Quran
D) a feminist and a practicing Muslim
E) All of these .

Question 27

Gorbachev's biggest problem in initiating economic reforms was ______________.

A) getting the Communist Party to agree to a consumer market
B) getting the factory managers and workers to follow the central dictates of the party
C) rapidly rising inflation at the same time that savings were devalued
D) union protests for fixed wage increases the government could not afford
E) creating a streamlined method of production to eliminate inefficiency

Question 28

Who was the feminist leader of the Green Party in West Germany?

A) Andrea Hacker
B) Nina Schmidt
C) Augusta Heimhoffer
D) Petra Kelly
E) Claudia Behren

Question 29

One of the most important voices of Soviet dissidents was of which Russian scientist?

A) Yuri Gagarin
B) Alexander Solzhenitsyn
C) Mikhail Bulgakov
D) Andrei Sakharov
E) Vladimir Jaroslavl

Question 30

Lech Walęsa was notable for ______________.

A) coauthoring Charter 77 with Václav Havel
B) organizing strikes in the Gdańsk shipyards
C) being a Soviet dissident who was under house arrest until 1989
D) being murdered by the Cheka for political activities
E) initiating a program known as glasnost

Question 31

Glasnost was Gorbachev's call for openness in ______________.

A) expressing political dissatisfaction
B) international diplomacy
C) disclosure of nuclear arms
D) discussing forbidden cultural literature
E) creating a market economy

Question 32

In response to plummeting birthrates in eastern Europe, some communist leaders ______________.

A) became concerned that women were not fit to work in factories
B) recriminalized abortion to promote pro-natalism
C) encouraged procreation as a part of patriotism
D) tried to bring more women into factory production to boost the economy
E) had to make provisions for child care to balance motherhood and worker productivity

Question 33

In response to the demographic decline in the 1970s and 1980s, Europe tried to regain laborers through ______________.

A) extensive training programs for the unemployed
B) offering opportunities for work but not citizenship to guest workers
C) extending the age of retirement to seventy-five
D) decreasing taxes to attract more émigrés
E) active recruitment at universities in Third World nations

Question 34

The point raised by postmodernists was that ______________.

A) truth and knowledge were subjective and depended on context
B) modernity could be measured by progress
C) only through the evolution of ideas could political change occur
D) western civilization could not be the only civilization that mattered
E) existence was futile

Question 35

Simone de Beauvoir was the author of ______________.

A) The Second Sex
B) The Feminine Mystique
C) The Manifesto of the 343
D) "The Nation of the Sisterhood"
E) Our Bodies, Ourselves

Question 36

The Manifesto the 343 supported ______________.

A) legal abortion
B) socialist reform
C) postmodern theory
D) environmentalism
E) guest worker programs

Question 37

The signs that communism was weakening in the 1980s included ______________.

A) inflation and underproduction
B) brutal repression of anticommunist protests in the satellite states
C) aid to the underground from those in official state positions
D) strikes among unhappy trade unions over the cost of living
E) All of these.

Question 38

What country was the first to legalize homosexuality?

A) Britain
B) France
C) Sweden
D) Germany
E) Latvia

Question 39

The most important Slovenian thinker of the postmodernist movement was ______________.

A) Michel Foucault
B) Hayden White
C) Jacques Derrida
D) Slavoj Žižek
E) Albert Camus

Question 40

Havel's best-known act of opposition was ______________.

A) standing in front of the tanks during the Prague Spring
B) going into exile in the United States
C) self-immolation
D) coauthoring Charter 77
E) leading a hunger strike in Wencelas Square

Question 41

Compare and contrast Charter 77 with Solidarity?

Question 42

The first democratically elected president in Russia was ______________.

A) Mikhail Gorbachev
B) Boris Yeltsin
C) Vladimir Putin
D) Maxim Litvinov
E) Andrei Sakharov

Question 43

The Commonwealth of Independent States was ______________.

A) an organization of the remnants of territories that did not secede from the Soviet Union
B) an anti-Soviet faction led by Ukraine
C) the name of the newly independent Baltic countries of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania
D) a coalition of former Soviet republics
E) an agency that was the forerunner to the European Union

Question 44

Who was elected president of Czechoslovakia?

A) Václav Havel
B) Boris Yeltsin
C) Nikolai Ceaușescu
D) Ion Iliescu
E) Slavoj Žižek

Question 45

Which nation embraced the political party called Solidarity?

A) Poland
B) Estonia
C) Latvia
D) Lithuania
E) Hungary

Question 46

How did Boris Yeltsin demonstrate his support for reform?

A) He stood atop a tank that was supposed to separate the Duma from the population.
B) He flew to Riga to support protesters.
C) He asked for the support of the lower army members.
D) He outlawed the Communist Party.
E) All of these.

Question 47

The attempt to end reform in the Soviet Union by communist hard-liners was called ______________.

A) the October Days
B) the August Coup
C) the September Morn
D) the Decembrist Revolution
E) None of these.

Question 48

What was Richard Nixon's policy toward communism?

Question 49

What were Margaret Thatcher's political priorities?

Question 50

What were the problems faced by the Eastern bloc nations in the 1970s and 1980s?

Question 51

What factors led to the collapse of communism?

Question 52

Discuss the "Velvet Revolution"?

Question 53

Which two countries responded to the collapse of the Soviet system with continued violence?

A) Hungary and Czechoslovakia
B) Romania and Poland
C) Romania and Czechoslovakia
D) Hungary and Poland
E) Romania and Yugoslavia

Question 54

What changes were brought to both Eastern and Western societies by the sexual revolution?

Question 55

What dealt the decisive blow to Gorbachev's reforms?

A) Glasnost's unpopularity
B) The failure of perestroika to inspire the citizenship
C) A military coup in Czechoslovakia
D) The rise of nationalism
E) None of these.

Question 56

How did Pope John Paul II influence Polish political shifts?

Question 57

How did popular culture affect the presentation of personal style and culture?

Question 58

What challenges did Gorbachev face in implementing economic reform?

Question 59

The format of ____________ was copied throughout Europe.

A) Married With Children
B) Roseanne
C) David Letterman's late-night talk show
D) The Cosby Show
E) Law and Order

Question 60

Where was the best-organized and well-spoken resistance to Moscow located?

A) East Germany
B) The Baltics
C) Hungary
D) Bulgaria
E) Romania

Question 61

Discuss the guest-worker program in Europe and how it affected self-identification .

Question 62

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Détente

Question 63

The traditional leftist party politics remained strong in the 1980s.

Question 64

Gorbachev's policy of perestroika was universally successful.

Question 65

The guest worker program encouraged immigration from former European colonies in Africa, Asia, and the West Indies.

Question 66

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Six Day War

Question 67

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association

Question 68

Nicolae Ceauşescu maintained successful economic growth in Romania after declaring independence from the west and the east.

Question 69

Italian Communism succeeded in becoming a nationalist movement in the 1970s.

Question 70

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Willy Brandt

Question 71

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Globalization

Question 72

Solidarity was established in Czechoslovakia to negotiate better working conditions and wages for laborers.

Question 73

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Yom Kippur War

Question 74

How did various terrorist organizations utilize public dissatisfaction with European politics to advance their ideals?

Question 75

Women gained a significant foothold on the election to European and national offices in the period between 1970 and 1990.

Question 76

The Velvet Revolution brought down the communist Czechoslovakian government.

Question 77

Postmodern thought believed that political reform could only be accomplished from within, as those were the only observers who truly understood it.

Question 78

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Anti-ballistic Missile Treaty

Question 79

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Anwar El Sadat

Question 80

Glasnost focused on suppressing any dissent against Communism in the Eastern bloc.