Deck 5: Greece and Iran

Question 1

The name for the independent political entity common in ancient Greece was called

A)agora.
B)polis.
C)acropolis.
D)paradayadam.
E)hoplite.

Answer 1

polis.

Question 2

Which of the following areas did Cyrus not conquer?

A)Egypt
B)Media
C)Lydia
D)Anatolia
E)Mesopotamia

Answer 2

Egypt

Question 3

Which of the following resources did the Ancient Greeks not have to import?

A)gold
B)grain
C)tin
D)marble
E)copper

Answer 3

marble

Question 4

The Medes were the first Iranian people to

A)begin settled agriculture in the region.
B)reach a complex level of political organization.
C)establish a unique Persian culture.
D)start a state-sponsored religion.
E)use maritime sea trade to form the basis for the economy.

Question 5

What was the name for the section of a Greek urban area where citizens would meet to ratify government decisions or assemble with weapons in times of war?

A)Acropolis
B)Stoa
C)Oracle
D)Agora
E)Amphitheatre

Question 6

Which of the following most directly contributed to the interconnectedness of the Persian Empire under Darius?

A)harsh punishment of subject peoples for disobeying the imperial laws
B)well-maintained and patrolled roads
C)a strong navy in the western Mediterranean Sea
D)a strong alliance with the Greeks
E)toleration for local religious beliefs

Question 7

Irrigation in Iran was different than other areas because of the large desert plain. How did they compensate for this?

A)Digging long canals to the few interior lakes allowed for transportation of water to crops.
B)Vertical shafts provided access to underground irrigation.
C)Construction of the earliest known water wheels moved irrigation across long distances.
D)They had no agriculture but relied solely on mineral resources.
E)They built dams and reservoirs to capture the mid-summer monsoonal rains.

Question 8

Darius established the administrative center of his empire in Susa, however, he began an imperial and ceremonial center for the empire in

A)Persepolis.
B)Caro.
C)Babylon.
D)wherever he was in the empire, traveling with his entourage.
E)Parsa.

Question 9

After emergence from the Dark Ages, the population of Greece increased as much as fivefold. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the population increase?

A)increased prosperity due to trade and importation
B)change to increased agriculture instead of pastoralism
C)dramatic increases in agriculture needed more labor sources.
D)change of diet to bread and vegetables
E)None of these are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following was not a land donation that obligated the recipient to provide military service?

A)spear land
B)chariot land
C)bow land
D)horse land
E)None of these are correct.

Question 11

What was another word for satrap?

A)king
B)slave
C)governor
D)priest
E)merchant

Question 12

Early Iranian social organization was

A)matrilinear.
B)patriarchal.
C)oligarchal.
D)plebian.
E)democratic.

Question 13

Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of

A)threatening the people with gross injustices.
B)first marrying into the local nobility.
C)murdering local priests and nobles.
D)respecting local priests and native traditions.
E)outlawing local traditions and strictly enforcing Persian laws.

Question 14

The founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire in 550 BCE was

A)Cyrus.
B)Xerxes.
C)Darius.
D)Herodotus.
E)Cambyses.

Question 15

Iran's mineral resources, though exploited on a limited scale in antiquity, included which of the following?

A)copper
B)iron
C)gold
D)Silver
E)All of these are correct.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a tenet of Zoroastrianism?

A)belief in one supreme deity
B)belief that humans would be rewarded or punished in the afterlife for their deeds
C)belief that the world was created by Ahuramazda
D)the triumph of good over evil
E)belief in reincarnation of the dead

Question 17

The Persian king and his court moved

A)only when threatened by foreign armies.
B)at the time of the full moon.
C)every third year.
D)with the seasons.
E)never.

Question 18

Iran means

A)"land of plenty."
B)"land of faith."
C)"land of the Aryans."
D)"land between the rivers."
E)None of these are correct.

Question 19

Although Greece is described as "resource poor" in the chapter, it economically prospered

A)through a brisk trade in slaves.
B)because of successful manufacturing.
C)by using a large population as a large "service" sector.
D)through access to foreign resources, markets, and ideas.
E)by frequently raiding its neighbors.

Question 20

Despite the adoption of their alphabet system from the Phoenicians, literacy in Greece

A)was limited only to the priests.
B)remained elusive for several centuries, relying on oral traditions.
C)was reserved for business transactions.
D)was undermined by the diversity of languages in the Greek islands.
E)divided between Phoenician and Linear B.

Question 21

The term the Greeks used to describe someone who seized and held power in violation of political norms of the community was .

A)oligarch
B)tyrant
C)elite
D)Hellenist
E)None of these are correct.

Question 22

The father of history in the Western tradition is

A)Pericles.
B)Herodotus.
C)Theseus.
D)Prometheus.
E)Thucydides.

Question 23

An oligarchy is a society in which

A)all landowners participate politically.
B)all adult males are allowed to vote.
C)a hereditary elite control the power.
D)a monarch has total control.
E)the wealthy members of society have political power.

Question 24

was the central ritual of Greek religion.

A)Purification
B)Travel
C)Warfare
D)Sacrifice
E)Democracy

Question 25

The soldiers who fought in close-formed ranks and were called up in times of war were called

A)hyksos.
B)phalanx.
C)hoplites.
D)helots.
E)phrateries.

Question 26

The Archaic period in Greece began

A)because of renewed contacts with Phoenicia.
B)with the development of communication technologies.
C)with the end of the Greek civil wars.
D)with the translation of Linear B.
E)when Alexander took over.

Question 27

Darius' forces were defeated by the Greeks at

A)Thermopylae.
B)Marathon.
C)Ionia.
D)Plataea.
E)Salamis.

Question 28

Surviving fragments attributed to the Greek poet Sappho speak of

A)naval journeys.
B)mythical monsters.
C)astronomical wonders.
D)unrequited love.
E)nature's beauty.

Question 29

The Greeks believed that their gods gave advice through

A)their sacred literary texts.
B)oracles.
C)the king, who was directly related to God.
D)shamans.
E)movements of the stars and planets.

Question 30

One of the primary internal rivals to Athenian power was

A)Sparta.
B)Persia.
C)Rome.
D)Carthage.
E)Egypt.

Question 31

The emerging middle classes in Greece were constituted by which group of people?

A)debt slaves and peasant farmers
B)craftsmen and merchants
C)hoplites and teachers
D)slave traders and fishermen
E)None of these

Question 32

The Greek leader who led Athens to a full participatory democracy for all males was .

A)Pisistratus
B)Pericles
C)Solon
D)Cyrus
E)Draco

Question 33

An example of the sophistication of the Greek thinkers was the development of the theory that the world is composed of

A)ether.
B)humours.
C)elements.
D)vapors.
E)atoms.

Question 34

The most auspicious gift of the Phoenicians was

A)medical knowledge.
B)political reform.
C)styles of pottery.
D)a writing system.
E)naval technology.

Question 35

Fear of what led to the unique Spartan way of life?

A)disease
B)democracy
C)helots
D)trade
E)None of these are correct.

Question 36

What was the primary instrument of Athenian naval success?

A)the gunboat
B)the trireme
C)the astrolabe
D)the rowers
E)the lateen sail

Question 37

The Greek gods and goddesses were seen as

A)distant and removed from the affairs of humankind.
B)frightening and greedy for harsh sacrifices.
C)superhuman and immortal, but otherwise anthropomorphic.
D)role models of wisdom and morality.
E)purely fictitious, as the Greeks relied on natural philosophy.

Question 38

Early Greek philosophers were principally concerned with all of the following EXCEPT

A)how the world was created.
B)what the world is made of.
C)why changes occur.
D)disproving divinity.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 39

Which of the following is true of the Greek city-states?

A)Some were oligarchic and some were democratic.
B)They featured an acropolis and an agora.
C)They had fortified walls.
D)Many people living inside the fortified walls worked on nearby farms outside the walls.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 40

The Greek Dark Age was a time of

A)dark atmospheric conditions due to the eruptions of Mount Vesuvius.
B)commercial growth due to the use of dark-colored dyes in fabric.
C)intellectual and commercial vitality.
D)frequent disruption due to invasions.
E)poverty, isolation, and depopulation.

Question 41

Explain Greek intellectual currents using the life of Socrates as an example.

Question 42

Which of the following is not among the policies used by Alexander the Great to control his vast empire?

A)He encouraged intermarriage to foreign women.
B)He maintained the framework of Persian administration.
C)He adopted Persian customs.
D)He established Greek-style cities.
E)He promoted mass deportations.

Question 43

Describe the role of Cyrus in the founding of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.

Question 44

Greeks and Persians both spoke language belonging to the same family.

Question 45

Compare and contrast the poleis of Athens and Sparta. How did two such different city-states emerge from the same general geographic region? Why did they end up going to war with one another?

Question 46

The Thesmophoria was .

A)the staple drink of Greek elites
B)the site of the last battle of the Peloponnesian War
C)a three-day festival of Athenian women
D)a special vase for drinking beer and wine
E)a new empire Alexander hoped to create

Question 47

Which of the following were not "cosmopolitan" features of Hellenistic societies?

A)libraries and universities
B)the cultivation of new scholarship
C)the cultivation of art and literature
D)scientific discoveries
E)homogeneous societies

Question 48

The first of the three Greek classical philosophers and the one whose actions lead to his trial and execution was .

A)Eurypides
B)Diogenes
C)Aristotle
D)Plato
E)Socrates

Question 49

How does the Peloponnesian War reveal an inherent flaw in Greek society?

A)The hoplites were unreliable because of their exclusion from politics.
B)The independent polis fostered rivalry and mistrust among neighbors.
C)The poor in Greece suffered more severe hardship than in other world societies.
D)The Greeks refused to abandon their policy of nonviolence.
E)The rivalry between helots and hoplites caused a breakdown of democracy.

Question 50

How did geography and the environment affect Greek development?

Question 51

The Seleucid kingdom, after the death of Alexander, retained which portion of the empire?

A)Persian
B)Macedonian
C)Egyptian
D)Greek
E)Indian

Question 52

Philip II planned to invade which area before his untimely death?

A)Carthage
B)Assyria
C)Israel
D)Persia
E)Rome

Question 53

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
Describe the relationship between wars waged by hoplites and agriculture.

Question 54

How did geography and natural resources influence the creation of the Persian Empire?

Question 55

The Persian defeat in the wars with Greece was due to all of the following EXCEPT

A)difficulty supplying the army from Persia.
B)allowing the Persian navy to be drawn into the narrow waters off Salamis.
C)domestic political turmoil.
D)the rout of Persian forces at the Battle of Plataea.
E)the Persian underestimation of the Greeks' will to fight for their homeland.

Question 56

Which of the following was not one of the Macedonian dynasties that emerged after Alexander's death? three Macedonian dynasties: the Seleucid, the Antigonid, and the .

A)Persian
B)Seleucid
C)Antigonid
D)Ptolemaic
E)None of these are correct.

Question 57

Describe the role of Alexandria in the Hellenistic Age.

Question 58

The term Hellenistic Age refers to the

A)influence of Asian culture on Greece.
B)political and cultural influence of Greece over foreign subjects in North Africa and western Asia.
C)Macedonian Empire during Alexander's reign.
D)peaceful period within Greece itself.
E)successful rule of Helen of Troy.

Question 59

Discuss the development of Greek democracy. Was Greek democracy "democratic"?

Question 60

The transition to a literary, rather than orally based, culture is notable in the works of

A)Socrates.
B)Aristophanes.
C)Plato.
D)Euripides.
E)Aristotle.

Question 61

The period of Persian history associated with the rule of Cyrus the Great was known as .

Question 62

The Greeks added vowel sounds to what system of writing in order to develop the first true alphabet?