Deck 3: The World Global Origins of American Education

Question 1

For Aristotle, thinking and knowing begin with

A)grammar, logic, and rhetoric.
B)one's sensation of objects in the environment.
C)rediscovery of latent knowledge.
D)self-examination and self-analysis.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

As a high-school social studies teacher, you believe your students lack enough heroes and role models. You begin collaborating with an English teacher at your school to have students turn aspects of their family histories into epics that highlight the positive characteristics and admirable actions of male and female family members. In having students write, share, and discuss these personal epics, you are following most closely in the educational footsteps of which of the following groups?

A)Ancient Greeks
B)Sophists
C)Arabic educators
D)Socratic educators

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Identify the methods of teaching utilized in the seventh-century rabbinical schools in Israel and Babylonia.

Answer 3

Students carefully listened to sacred readings by the rabbi and engaged in reading, memorization, and recitation.  The goal was to internalize the meaning and message of the lesson. Rituals were taught that commemorated important events in the history of the Hebrew people.

Question 4

As societies changed, so did their view of the purposes of schools and the educational needs of citizens. Consequently, the content included in the curriculum changed over time. Discuss and analyze how the curriculum has changed throughout history in response to societal changes utilizing the at least three of ideals presented in this chapter.

Question 5

The methodological approach that involved theological and philosophical scholarship and teaching is called

A)dialectic.
B)logic.
C)scholasticism.
D)the Socratic method.

Question 6

Advanced schools in ancient Egypt were established to prepare

A)priests only.
B)physicians only.
C)government officials only.
D)all of the above.

Question 7

In what way were the concerns of medieval education most closely related to those of Greek and Roman education?

A)The three cultures believed in educating a middle class that would support the ruling class.
B)Although the medieval "elite" had come to be defined as a religious elite, the primary purpose of education was still to provide a strong foundation based in the teachings of the ancient philosophers and those of the church.
C)The best education was seen as that which prepared one for service in the government.
D)Much of the writings of the ancient Greek and Roman philosophers had little impact on education in the medieval period.

Question 8

The Greek approach of having the student immersed and participating in society can be described as

A)enculturation.
B)extremely centralized.
C)scholasticism.
D)the Socratic method.

Question 9

Which of the following best reflects the metaphysical position underlying Plato's beliefs about education?

A)Like the Sophists, Plato believed that the purpose of education was to give students the knowledge and skills to become successful leaders of society.
B)The purpose of education was to help students begin to discover the truths that were innately present within each person and, in the process, to find those persons who were most intellectually capable of leading society.
C)Platonic schools stressed the ability to work within a vocation that most effectively met the needs of Greek society.
D)Because there was no such thing as ultimate truth, the purpose of education was to develop truths that would be most useful in the effective functioning of Greek society.

Question 10

Educational opportunities for women and for citizens from lower socioeconomic classes either did not exist or were very limited throughout much of the history reviewed in the chapter. Why did these limitations exist? Analyze and illustrate how limitations in schooling opportunities and curricular programs were gradually reduced over time.

Question 11

The ancient Egyptian civilization was characterized by _____________.

A)a large empire, open dessert, and rule by the people.
B)tribal kingdoms, rule by pharaohs, and located on the riverbanks.
C)emperor rule, small regions, and open dessert.
D)a large empire, tribal kingdom, and rule by the people.

Question 12

An important Greek and Roman contribution to Western education was

A)the focus on the role of education in improving society's political well-being.
B)the emphasis on religious education at all levels of schooling.
C)the training provided teachers.
D)the use of inquiry teaching approaches.

Question 13

In ancient Greece, why was education by the Sophists well received? How did critics view the Sophists?

Question 14

Children learn the group's language and skills and assimilate moral and religious values through ________.

A)culture
B)enculturation
C)books
D)myths

Question 15

In Plato's Republic, he

A)described a perfect state ruled by the intellectual elite.
B)endorsed the use of sensory approaches to instruction.
C)examined the curriculum in Greek schools.
D)proposed a system of schooling using rhetoric.

Question 16

Education in preliterate societies focused on

A)gathering food.
B)making tools.
C)providing shelter.
D)transmitting culture.

Question 17

Describe the education system proposed by Confucius in the second century B.C.

Question 18

During the Renaissance, Erasmus was

A)a proponent of incorporating literature as the main tool of instruction.
B)a critic of including history in the curriculum.
C)a proponent of harsh discipline for young children.
D)a supporter on instruction through the use of scientific inquiry.

Question 19

The Sophists broke with traditional Greek beliefs about education in that they

A)focused on education as a search for eternal truths.
B)promoted an education that focused on the needs of the intellectual elite of society.
C)saw education as a means by which groups that were not part of society's elite could become part of the elite.
D)used education as preparation for military service.

Question 20

Many cultures counted on _________to transmit their cultural heritage through very gifted leaders.

A)music
B)dance
C)drama
D)storytelling

Question 21

How do you as a future teacher provide students with the appreciation for the cultural and scientific achievements of the past as well as openness to social and technological change?

Question 22

Why was Martin Luther interested in having the state supervise schools and license teachers?

Question 23

You teach French. Instead of drilling students in French grammar and vocabulary, you like to emphasize conversations in French, discussions of French authors and literature, and games and contests that make learning interesting. With which of the following historical figures do you have the most in common?

A)Thomas Aquinas
B)Erasmus
C)Quintilian
D)Martin Luther

Question 24

Develop your own personal education autobiography. What are the origins of your beliefs and ideals? What are the family roots that make up your construction?

Question 25

What were the views of Isocrates on civic education, and how did he influence Western education?

Question 26

During the Reformation, Protestant religious educators sought to

A)free themselves and their followers from papal authority.
B)introduce child-centered instructional approaches.
C)open up secondary education to all children.
D)restrict access to schooling.

Question 27

The invention of the printing press during the Reformation

A)advanced the idea of literacy and schooling.
B)created an elite class of educated people who controlled access to information.
C)had little impact on the dissemination of information.
D)further restricted access to knowledge to the elite.

Question 28

What were some factors that contributed to the religious reformation?

Question 29

_______________________was believed to be the founder of what is now known as "character education." The focus was on emphasizing civility - polite, correct and proper behavior.

A)Confucius
B)Sappho
C)Homer
D)Plato

Question 30

In an effort to reform society, educators during the Age of Enlightenment tried to create a new pattern of schooling based on

A)a strong central government.
B)scientific inquiry and reason.
C)religious doctrines.
D)vocational education.

Question 31

Which of the following did Martin Luther recognize to be an agent of reform?

A)the family
B)schools
C)the state
D)all of the above

Question 32

Describe the difference between a group's prescriptions and proscriptions within a culture?

Question 33

Why were only upper-class citizens in ancient Rome offered educational opportunities?

Question 34

The major legacy of the Renaissance to the future development of Western education was

A)its emphasis on the sciences.
B)its initiation of vocational education.
C)the study of Latin.
D)teaching by the Socratic method.