Deck 6: The Etruscans

Question 1

Unlike Greek temples, Etruscan temples were not meant to be seen as sculptural masses. Which of the following architectural elements would demonstrate this?

A)Columns completely encircled the structure.
B)The entrance was centered at the front of the structure.
C)The front and rear of the structure were indistinguishable.
D)Narrowed staircases were found on all four sides of the structure.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The center for the bronze cista industry was located in which of the following cities?

A)Rome
B)Tarquinia
C)Palestrina
D)Veii

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The fibula excavated from the Regolini-Galassi Tomb illustrates motifs borrowed from the ____.

A)Orient
B)Rome
C)Greece
D)India

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How were Etruscan cemeteries arranged?

A)They were arranged around a center pyramid.
B)They were arranged in a haphazard manner.
C)They were arranged in an orderly manner.
D)There were no cemeteries; burials were allowed in the home garden of the deceased.

Question 5

The wide overhanging roof of the Etruscan temple could function as which of the following?

A)A place of shelter
B)A sculptural mass to be seen from all directions
C)A poor copy of a Greek temple
D)An ill-defined home for the priests

Question 6

The column used on Etruscan temples resemble which type of Greek column?

A)Doric
B)Ionic
C)Corinthian
D)Composite

Question 7

The theme celebrated in both the Tomb of the Leopards and the Tomb of Hunting and Fishing is which of the following?

A)The joy of life
B)The gloom of death
C)Victory in battle
D)The sorrow of death

Question 8

Which of the following works of art illustrates how Romanized the Etruscans became in the first century bce ?

A)Apulu Veii
B)Aule Metele
C)Fibula, Regolini-Galassi Tomb
D)Reclining Couple Sarcophagus

Question 9

In Etruscan iconography, which of the following symbolized regeneration?

A)Wine
B)Birds
C)Egg
D)Bees

Question 10

What contributed to the transformation of Etruscan society in the Orientalizing period?

A)An alliance with Republican Rome
B)An alliance with Greek colonies in the South
C)Great mineral wealth
D)A strong navy

Question 11

Which century marks the incorporation of Etruria into the Roman Empire?

A)First century bce
B)Third century ce
C)Fifth century bce
D)Second century ce

Question 12

Terracotta sarcophagi showing life-size reclining figures are most typical of which of the following centuries?

A)Second century BCE
B)Sixth century BCE
C)First century BCE
D)Ninth century BCE

Question 13

The banquet setting seen in the Tomb of the Leopards takes place in which of the following settings?

A)A palace dining room
B)A private house
C)The open air
D)The council chambers of the king

Question 14

____ was the typical tomb type found at the Etruscan cemetery at Cerveteri.

A)Mausoleum
B)Tumulus
C)Tomb-shrine
D)Small Etruscan house-shaped terracotta

Question 15

The somber expression of Lars Pulena on his sarcophagus distinguishes it from earlier sarcophagi? What would account for it?

A)A funeral called for gloomy behavior.
B)The family was Roman and did not follow Etruscan funeral practices.
C)It illustrated the decline in Etruscan fortunes.
D)It illustrated the decline in the fortune of Lars Pulena.

Question 16

One aspect of Etruscan society that contributed to their downfall was the lack of ____?

A)political cohesion
B)wealth
C)skilled artisans
D)trade

Question 17

Pedimental sculpture is extremely rare in Etruscan temple architecture. Normally, the Etruscans placed their narrative statuary on which of the following elements?

A)The peaks of the temple roof
B)The double niches on the porches
C)Only in interior niches in the cella
D)Only in niches next to the entrance

Question 18

Which type of Etruscan funerary monument had no parallel in Greece?

A)Porta Marzia
B)Cistae
C)Monumental sarcophagi
D)Fibulae

Question 19

Which of the following was a tool used by archaeologists to explore tomb interiors at Tarquinia without the expensive and time-consuming excavation process?

A)Periscope
B)Underground seismograph
C)Surveying local black market dealers
D)Careful measurement of the entire Tarquinia cemetery

Question 20

The Etruscans preferred which the following materials for sculpture?

A)Marble
B)Gold
C)Terracotta
D)Limestone

Question 21

How do Etruscan sarcophagi reflect the attitude of Etruscan society?

Question 22

Which of the following mythical scenes decorated the Ficoroni Cista ?

A)The Argonauts
B)Medusa and Perseus
C)Lapiths and centaurs
D)The gods versus the giants

Question 23

The independent spirit and relative freedom Etruscan women enjoyed horrified which of the following?

A)Greco-Roman male authors
B)Egyptian male authors
C)Etruscan male authors
D)Trojan male authors

Question 24

Which of the following describes Etruscan art?

A)It was a combination of motion and vitality.
B)It was a combination of stability and calm.
C)It was a combination of rigid frontality and symmetry.
D)It was a mass of cylindrical forms.

Question 25

The Etruscans became citizens of which the following in the first century bce ?

A)Rome
B)Perugia
C)Paestum
D)Athens

Question 26

The Apulu of Veii is made of which of the following materials?

A)Bronze
B)Terracotta
C)Marble
D)Wood

Question 27

How does the portrait of Aule Metele, or the Orator, reflect on the decline of Etruscan society and art?

Question 28

How did the Etruscans typically bury their dead?

A)On high mountaintops
B)In columbaria within the city limits
C)In subterranean rooms arranged along a network of streets in a city of the dead
D)In catacombs outside the city walls

Question 29

What kinds of objects have been found in Etruscan tombs?

Question 30

What is tufa, and what effect did it have on the construction of Etruscan tombs?

Question 31

In what way does the Etruscan temple differ from the Greek temple?

Question 32

What was the general mood of the paintings found in earlier Etruscan tombs?

Question 33

What is granulation, and how is it used?

Question 34

The Etruscans preferred what building material(s) for their temples?

A)Marble
B)Limestone
C)Wood and mud brick
D)Glazed brick

Question 35

Etruscan artisans particularly excelled at which of the following?

A)Intarsia
B)Marble sculpture
C)Weaving
D)Metalworking

Question 36

Briefly describe the role of women in Etruscan society.

Question 37

The Etruscan temple differed from the Greek temple because it had which of the following?

A)An ionic frieze
B)A false porch
C)No roof
D)Three cellas

Question 38

Who or what is Tinia?

A)Lady of Vulci
B)Greek goddess
C)An ancient cloak
D)Etruscan god

Question 39

The wall painting in the Tomb of the Leopards portrays which of the following?

A)The Roman invasion
B)Centaurs and lapiths
C)Banqueters and musicians
D)Funeral processions

Question 40

Most architectural sculpture was made to decorate what part of the Etruscan temple?

A)The sides
B)The entryways
C)The pediment
D)The roof

Question 41

How did the status of the Etruscan woman differ from her Greek counterpart? How did this difference affect the art? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 42

Describe Etruscan necropoli and their location.

Question 43

How did the sarcophagus of Lars Pulena reflect the changing fortunes of the Etruscans?

Question 44

Describe Etruscan tomb murals. How do they describe the Etruscan psyche? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 45

How does the Porta Marzia (Gate of Mars) reflect Etruscan architectural practices?

Question 46

Describe Etruscan tomb and temple architecture. How are they uniquely Etruscan? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 47

Evaluate the differences and the similarities between Etruscan and Egyptian sarcophagi. Include in your discussion the aesthetic needs of the Etruscan. How were these needs different from Egyptian aesthetic needs? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 48

How did artistic conventions from Greece influence Etruscan art? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 49

Contrast Etruscan and Greek sculpture. How did the Etruscans adapt Greek sculpture? What changes did the Etruscans initiate? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 50

In depicting human figures, what forms and style did Etruscan sculptors favor?

Question 51

Explain the impact Rome had on late Etruscan art and society. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 52

Describe an Etruscan necropolis, the tomb arrangement, and the interior decorative programs. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 53

Examine the commerce and trade relationships the Etruscans had in the Mediterranean. How did these relationships influence their art? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 54

What do Etruscan tombs tell us about Etruscan lives? Include in your discussion the type of goods placed in the tombs for the deceased and the interior decorative programs. Use examples to illustrate your discussion.