Deck 16: Vegetarian Dietary Patterns

Question 1

Vegans are more likely to be overweight than semi-vegetarians.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Complete sources of protein can be obtained by combining corn with lima beans or dried beans.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Diets consisting primarily of raw foods have come in and out of fashion for hundreds of years.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Direct exposure of the face, arms, and hands to direct sunlight for about 5 to 15 minutes a day is one of the best ways to obtain vitamin B ₁₂ .

Question 5

Even though the macrobiotic diet is inadequate in a number of nutrients, it has not been expanded to include fish and seafood.

Question 6

Only people who follow a macrobiotic diet exclude all animal products from their diets.

Question 7

Compared to a Western-style dietary pattern, vegetarianism is associated with improved blood lipid levels and lower blood pressure but not a reduced risk of heart disease.

Question 8

A person following a fruitarian diet can sustain good health for an extended period of time.

Question 9

The more restrictive the vegetarian dietary pattern, the more likely it is that intake of certain nutrients will be lower than recommended.

Question 10

Plant foods are a major source of complete proteins and vitamin B ₁₂ .

Question 11

According to the macrobiotic philosophy, foods are classed as yin or yang based on beliefs about the food's relationship to the emotions and the physical condition of the body.

Question 12

Vegetarians can meet their needs for calcium by consuming fortified foods.

Question 13

DHA and EPA are found primarily in plant foods.

Question 14

Consumption of a raw food diet is associated with low bone mineral density.

Question 15

Religious beliefs or cultural values may be a reason people adopt vegetarian diets.

Question 16

Essential amino acids consumed in foods are stored for a long period of time.

Question 17

Vegetarianism is moving from the realm of counterculture to the mainstream in economically developed countries around the world.

Question 18

Vegetarian-style healthy dietary patterns are similar in many ways to the DASH and Mediterranean dietary patterns.

Question 19

Meat and dairy analogs may contain egg whites or whey.

Question 20

Current research results support the belief that the macrobiotic diet can prevent or cure cancer and lead to a long life.

Question 21

Vegetarians adhering to the "living foods diet" consume only _____.

A) raw food
B) a balanced intake of "yin" and "yang" foods
C) uncooked and fermented plant foods
D) fruit and olive oil
E) plant foods and fish

Question 22

Which food is a good source of vitamin B ₁₂ for vegetarians?

A) kale
B) turnip greens
C) tofu
D) collard greens
E) breakfast cereal

Question 23

Poultry is a yang food.

Question 24

DHA and EPA are found primarily in _____.

A) poultry
B) fish and seafood
C) milk and dairy products
D) fruits and vegetables
E) red meat

Question 25

A lacto-vegetarian only consumes fruits and vegetables.

Question 26

Identify a food that is included in a macrobiotic diet.

A) beef
B) milk
C) lamb
D) eggs
E) pork

Question 27

The RDA for adults for vitamin B ₁₂ is 1.5 mcg.

Question 28

For a number of vegetarian regimes, the spiritual or emotional importance assigned to certain foods supersedes consideration of their contribution to an adequate diet.

Question 29

Complete proteins contain all eleven nonessential amino acids.

Question 30

A nutrient most likely to be lacking in vegetarian diets is fiber.

Question 31

What is a good source of DHA for vegetarians?

A) sunlight
B) tomato sauce
C) coconut oil
D) algae supplements
E) olive oil

Question 32

Macrobiotic diets strongly favor organic and locally produced foods over other foods.

Question 33

Which type of diet was totally based on whole grains and vegetables but expanded later to include legumes and bean products, sea vegetables, and fish and seafood?

A) vegan diet
B) raw food diet
C) macrobiotic diet
D) fruitarian diet
E) living foods diet

Question 34

Which nutrient is most likely to be lacking in the diets of vegetarians?

A) vitamin C
B) vitamin B ₁₂
C) fiber
D) potassium
E) vitamin K

Question 35

The Food and Drug Administration has approved the addition of vitamin D to soy-based foods.

Question 36

Careful examination of nutrition information labels on meat and dairy analog products is important for individuals who are sensitive to MSG.

Question 37

Which type of diet excludes all animal products?

A) lacto-ovo vegetarian
B) vegan
C) pesco-vegetarian
D) semi-vegetarian
E) lacto-vegetarian

Question 38

Tests have shown _____ to be complete protein sources for children and adults.

A) refried beans
B) hummus
C) black-eyed peas
D) soy proteins
E) corn

Question 39

Identify a yin food.

A) buckwheat
B) cereal grains
C) nuts
D) eggs
E) fish

Question 40

There is one set of dietary recommendations that is appropriate for all types of vegetarian dietary patterns.

Question 41

Some of the meat and dairy analogs may be high in _____.

A) added sugars
B) potassium
C) cholesterol
D) sodium or calories
E) calories and cholesterol

Question 42

A person following a vegetarian diet should _____.

A) take a protein supplement
B) take a vitamin D supplement
C) take an EPA supplement
D) take a fiber supplement
E) assess his or her diet before deciding to take a supplement

Question 43

The USDA's current food guide emphasizes that vegetables, fruits, and grains should make up about ______ of a plate of food.

A) one-eighth
B) one-fourth
C) one-half
D) two-thirds
E) three-fourths

Question 44

Which of the following is a benefit of vegetarian-style healthy dietary patterns?

A) macrobiotic diets can cure cancer
B) greater inner peace
C) a raw food diet can treat irritable bowel syndrome
D) reduced risk of type 1 diabetes
E) reduced risk of obesity

Question 45

Which combination of foods provide complete proteins?

A) rice and raisins
B) tofu and green peas
C) rice and dried beans
D) bread and butter
E) peanut butter and apple slices

Question 46

The RDA for adults for vitamin D is _____ mcg.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9
E) 11

Question 47

What is a good source of vitamin D for vegetarians?

A) green leaf lettuce
B) kale
C) bananas
D) sunlight
E) algae supplements

Question 48

A vegan will eat _____.

A) chicken
B) almonds
C) cheese
D) trout
E) ice cream

Question 49

A lacto-vegetarian will eat _____.

A) yogurt
B) trout
C) turkey
D) eggs
E) lamb

Question 50

Which vitamin is naturally found only in animal products?

A) vitamin B ₁₂
B) vitamin E
C) vitamin K
D) vitamin A
E) vitamin C

Question 51

EPA can be obtained, to some extent, from sources of _____.

A) DHA
B) vitamin D
C) calcium
D) phytochemicals
E) fiber

Question 52

Meat and dairy analogs are generally based on _____.

A) vegetable oils
B) plant carbohydrates
C) fruits and olive oil
D) gluten and soybean derivatives
E) fish and seafood

Question 53

The body needs a sufficient supply of each of the essential amino acids if it is to build and replace protein substances such as _____.

A) red blood cells
B) triglycerides
C) enzymes
D) red blood cells and triglycerides
E) red blood cells and enzymes

Question 54

A semi-vegetarian will generally exclude _____.

A) milk
B) eggs
C) fish
D) beef
E) plant foods

Question 55

Diets of non-vegetarians are most likely to be lacking in _____.

A) vitamin C
B) vitamin E
C) folic acid
D) fiber
E) niacin

Question 56

Dietary guidelines for vegetarians generally recommend _____ servings of grains.

A) 1-2
B) 2-4
C) 4-5
D) 4 or more
E) 6 or more

Question 57

Persons adhering to the macrobiotic philosophy _____.

A) believe that nutrients can be "killed" during processing
B) can consume milk products
C) place value on balancing the intake of "yin" and "yang" foods
D) only consume plant foods
E) cannot consume seafood

Question 58

The RDA for adults for calcium is _____ mg.

A) 800
B) 1,000
C) 1,200
D) 1,400
E) 1,600

Question 59

Consumption of a raw food diet is associated with _____.

A) some types of cancer
B) irritable bowel syndrome
C) depression
D) hypertension
E) impaired growth in children

Question 60

A raw food diet _____.

A) can prevent cancer
B) is typically described as an uncooked vegan diet
C) consists of vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, sprouted grains, beans, and fish
D) usually consists of 75% or more uncooked foods
E) usually consists of all uncooked foods

Question 61

Dietary guidelines for vegetarians generally recommend _____ servings of legumes and nuts.

A) 1-2
B) 2-3
C) 3-4
D) 5 or more
E) 7 or more

Question 62

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Serdar recommends that if Randi decides to become a vegan, then she should make sure her diet includes adequate vitamin B ₁₂ . Which food would be a good source of vitamin B ₁₂ ?

A) green peas
B) kale
C) sunflower seeds
D) nutritional yeast
E) barley

Question 63

Discuss some reasons for vegetarianism.

Question 64

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Based on the meals that Randi prepared, which type of vegetarian diet would be the easiest diet for her to follow at this time?

A) vegan
B) lacto-ovo vegetarian
C) semi-vegetarian
D) lacto-vegetarian
E) macrobiotic

Question 65

Which food is a source of complete proteins?

A) oatmeal
B) carrots
C) salmon
D) hummus
E) brown rice

Question 66

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Which food item will Rafael most likely pass on without eating?

A) vegetable stir-fry
B) noodle casserole
C) ice cream
D) vegetable stir-fry and ice cream
E) cheese

Question 67

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Randi has a family history of osteoporosis and is concerned about getting enough calcium in her diet. Serdar shares that there are good sources of calcium for vegetarians. Which foods will he most likely recommend?

A) meat analogs only
B) dark-green leafy vegetables only
C) soy milk only
D) fresh and dried fruit
E) dark-green leafy vegetables and soy milk

Question 68

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Serdar and Rafael both _____.

A) consume milk
B) consume eggs
C) consume fish
D) exclude red meat
E) exclude milk and milk products

Question 69

List ChooseMyPlate.gov's recommendations for healthy vegetarian diets.

Question 70

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
Serdar and Rafael are impressed with Randi's cooking skills but have to pass on several foods. Which food items will Serdar pass on?

A) vegetable stir-fry only
B) noodle casserole only
C) ice cream only
D) vegetable stir-fry and ice cream
E) noodle casserole and ice cream

Question 71

Randi is considering adopting a vegetarian diet. She has two friends who are vegetarians: Serdar, who has followed a vegan diet for 10 years, and Rafael, who follows a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. Randi knows she has a lot to learn before becoming a vegetarian. She has decided to have Serdar and Rafael over for dinner to talk more about their diets and gather tips. For dinner, she makes a vegetarian stir-fry that consists of fresh vegetables, tofu, and spices; a noodle casserole with egg noodles, chicken broth, and cheese; and a strawberry shortcake with homemade ice cream for dessert. She is excited to share the meal with her friends while she learns more about their dietary lifestyles.
After learning more about Serdar's dietary lifestyle, Randi realizes there are several nutrients that may be lacking in a vegan diet. Which nutrient is most likely a concern?

A) DHA
B) potassium
C) fiber
D) vitamin C
E) vitamin A

Question 72

Discuss where you can go for more information on vegetarian diets and what you should be aware of when looking for information.