Deck 13: Diabetes Now

Question 1

Approximately 60% of people who develop type 2 diabetes are obese.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Weight loss, a healthy dietary pattern, and exercise are key components of type 2 diabetes management.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Abdominal obesity is a common risk factor for the development of prediabetes.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Weight lifting is not recommended for individuals with type 2 diabetes because of delayed wound healing.

Question 5

Foods such as bananas, sweets potatoes, and dried beans are rich in resistant starch.

Question 6

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that produces a deficiency of insulin.

Question 7

Gestational diabetes often disappears after delivery.

Question 8

Weight gain is a symptom associated with high blood glucose levels.

Question 9

Severe cases of hypoglycemia can lead to coma and death.

Question 10

Individuals with type 1 diabetes should limit their intake of sugar and sweetened foods.

Question 11

Hypoglycemia refers to abnormally high blood glucose levels caused by low levels of insulin production.

Question 12

Increased blood levels of triglycerides promote the development of fatty liver disease .

Question 13

Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that develops in infants.

Question 14

The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is made when two abnormalities are identified.

Question 15

Individuals with type 2 diabetes should never consume foods that have a high glycemic index.

Question 16

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease can be reversed in most cases by a 5 to 10% reduction in body weight, consumption of a healthy dietary pattern, and increased physical activity.

Question 17

The body responds to elevated levels of blood glucose by signaling the alpha cells of the pancreas to produce additional insulin.

Question 18

In the long run, diabetes contributes to the loss of limbs due to poor circulation.

Question 19

Type 1 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes.

Question 20

It is anticipated that 800,000 new cases of type 2 diabetes may develop each year in the United States due to rising rates of obesity.

Question 21

Which of the following is a common risk factor for the development of prediabetes?

A) pear-shaped body
B) high blood pressure
C) elevated cholesterol levels
D) genetic predisposition
E) fatty liver disease

Question 22

Which factor may confer some level of protection against the development of type 1 diabetes?

A) consuming only low-glycemic foods
B) avoiding high-fat foods
C) consuming adequate vitamin C
D) breastfeeding infants for the first four months or more of life
E) regularly participating in moderate physical activity

Question 23

Symptoms related to metabolic syndrome include _____.

A) waist circumference of 30 inches or more in males
B) low blood pressure
C) low levels of protective HDL cholesterol
D) reduced blood triglycerides levels
E) reduced fasting blood glucose levels

Question 24

Type 1 diabetes was called _____ in the past.

A) adult-onset diabetes
B) juvenile-onset diabetes
C) non-insulin-dependent diabetes
D) adult-onset diabetes and non-insulin-dependent diabetes
E) juvenile-onset diabetes and non-insulin-dependent diabetes

Question 25

Type 2 diabetes _____.

A) accounts for 10% of all diabetes cases
B) is an autoimmune disorder
C) usually begins with insulin resistance
D) is more likely to occur in Northern Europeans than in Native Americans
E) is most likely to occur in active people

Question 26

Insulin is a(n) _____.

A) hormone
B) amino acid
C) complex carbohydrate
D) simple sugar
E) glycerol

Question 27

A close relationship exists between rising rates of _____ and type 2 diabetes in the United States.

A) obesity
B) blood disorders
C) cancer
D) multiple sclerosis
E) depression

Question 28

The target generally set for the duration of physical activities to manage type 2 diabetes is _____ minutes per week or _____ minutes per day.

A) 35; 5
B) 70; 10
C) 105; 15
D) 150; 21
E) 175; 25

Question 29

Reduced glucose supplies to cells forces the body to mobilize _____.

A) amino acids
B) glycogen
C) triglycerides
D) galactose
E) fructose

Question 30

Physical activity is generally part of a diabetes care plan because it _____.

A) increases immune system response
B) increases resting heart rate
C) improves insulin utilization
D) increases blood pressure
E) improves bone density

Question 31

In all cases of diabetes, the central problem is _____.

A) hypoglycemia
B) inadequate vitamin D intake
C) the hardening of the arteries
D) lactose intolerance
E) elevated blood glucose levels

Question 32

Type 2 diabetes may be prevented or postponed by _____.

A) reducing physical activity
B) not gaining weight during the young adult years
C) eliminating alcohol from the diet
D) eliminating coffee from the diet
E) reducing the consumption of high-fiber foods

Question 33

Hypoglycemia _____.

A) is a fairly uncommon symptom associated with type 1 diabetes treatment
B) is associated with excessive alcohol consumption
C) symptoms include blurred vision and increased thirst
D) symptoms include hyperactivity, weight gain, and sleeplessness
E) is often accompanied by confusion

Question 34

Prediabetes is characterized by fasting blood glucose levels of _____ mg/dL.

A) 85 to ≤100
B) 100 to ≤125
C) 115 to ≤130
D) 125 to ≤135
E) 130 to ≤150

Question 35

High levels of blood glucose are related to adverse side effects in the body such as _____.

A) elevated blood levels of triglycerides (only)
B) increased blood pressure (only)
C) high levels of HDL cholesterol (only)
D) elevated blood levels of triglycerides and increased blood pressure
E) elevated blood levels of triglycerides and high levels of HDL cholesterol

Question 36

Which of the following statements is true of type 1 diabetes?

A) It is an autoimmune disease that produces a deficiency of insulin.
B) Individuals with type 1 diabetes should consume foods that have a high glycemic index.
C) Individuals should consume foods low in fiber to manage type 1 diabetes.
D) Individuals with type 1 diabetes have low blood glucose levels.
E) It is also referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Question 37

Insulin is produced by the _____.

A) liver
B) pancreas
C) gallbladder
D) kidneys
E) muscles

Question 38

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are diagnosed when fasting levels of blood glucose are ≥ to _____ mg/dl.

A) 100
B) 126
C) 137
D) 145
E) 150

Question 39

Insulin resistance is characterized by _____.

A) elevated levels of serum insulin only
B) significant weight gain only
C) elevated levels of glucose only
D) elevated levels of serum insulin and significant weight gain
E) elevated levels of serum insulin and elevated levels of glucose

Question 40

Common signs of elevated blood glucose levels include _____.

A) increased thirst
B) infrequent urination
C) weight gain
D) restlessness
E) decreased hunger

Question 41

Increased blood levels of triglycerides promote the development of _____.

A) hypoglycemia
B) fatty liver disease
C) type 1 diabetes
D) gestational diabetes
E) nerve damage

Question 43

Who is at an increased risk of gestational diabetes?

A) Hispanic Americans
B) physically active women
C) obese women
D) women under the age of 35
E) infants born to women with poorly controlled diabetes

Question 44

Discuss how type 2 diabetes can be prevented.

Question 45

Ronald has a waist circumference of 43 inches, fasting blood glucose of 102 mg/dL, a blood pressure of 140/90, and a blood triglyceride level of 200 mg/dL. Which health problem does Ronald most likely have?

A) type 2 diabetes
B) fatty liver disease
C) type 1 diabetes
D) metabolic syndrome
E) prediabetes

Question 46

Tamara and Martin are expecting their first child, a girl, in a few months. Tamara has a family history of type 2 diabetes, and her mother had gestational diabetes when she was pregnant with her. Tamara has been overweight for most of her adult life, but she began exercising and improved her diet before becoming pregnant. Tamara was recently tested for gestational diabetes, and the test result showed that she has elevated blood glucose levels.  Martin has had type 1 diabetes since age 4. He monitors his blood glucose levels several times a day and takes insulin to manage his blood glucose. Martin has always been a healthy weight, but he does not exercise regularly. His dietary habits also need to be improved to help manage his blood glucose levels. Tamara and Martin are concerned for their family's health and want to do all they can to reduce the risk of diabetes and associated health problems.
Which breakfast has a low glycemic index and would be a good choice for Tamara and Martin in the morning?

A) white bread and homemade strawberry jam
B) Special K with low-fat milk
C) black coffee and a scone
D) a frozen waffle and syrup
E) oatmeal with low-fat milk and a banana

Question 47

Fatty liver disease _____.

A) occurs in people of all weight statuses
B) is more likely to occur in women
C) is associated with diets low in fat-soluble vitamins
D) is associated with diets high in eggs, red meat, and dairy products
E) is irreversible

Question 48

Tamara and Martin are expecting their first child, a girl, in a few months. Tamara has a family history of type 2 diabetes, and her mother had gestational diabetes when she was pregnant with her. Tamara has been overweight for most of her adult life, but she began exercising and improved her diet before becoming pregnant. Tamara was recently tested for gestational diabetes, and the test result showed that she has elevated blood glucose levels.  Martin has had type 1 diabetes since age 4. He monitors his blood glucose levels several times a day and takes insulin to manage his blood glucose. Martin has always been a healthy weight, but he does not exercise regularly. His dietary habits also need to be improved to help manage his blood glucose levels. Tamara and Martin are concerned for their family's health and want to do all they can to reduce the risk of diabetes and associated health problems.
Tamara's family is at an increased risk of _____ because of the incidence of type 2 diabetes.

A) heart disease
B) cancer
C) osteoporosis
D) Alzheimer's disease
E) arthritis

Question 49

It is generally recommended that individuals with type 1 diabetes _____.

A) limit intake of complex carbohydrates
B) limit intake of added sugars
C) eliminate sugar
D) limit intake of brightly colored fruits
E) decrease intake of dairy products

Question 50

Hypoglycemia is characterized by blood glucose levels of _____ mg/dL.

A)
B)
C)
D) ˃85
E) ˃95

Question 51

Jenny is 25 years old, and her waist circumference is 36 inches. She has a blood pressure of 138/90, a blood triglyceride level of 180 mg/dL, and very low protective HDL cholesterol (42 mg/dL). Which health problem does Jenny most likely have?

A) type 1 diabetes
B) metabolic syndrome
C) gestational diabetes
D) prediabetes
E) fatty liver disease

Question 52

Gestational diabetes _____.

A) is likely caused by the same environmental factors as type 1 diabetes
B) is decreasing in many countries
C) can often be controlled with an individualized diet and exercise plan
D) often causes type 2 diabetes after delivery
E) often requires daily insulin injections for treatment

Question 53

Tamara and Martin are expecting their first child, a girl, in a few months. Tamara has a family history of type 2 diabetes, and her mother had gestational diabetes when she was pregnant with her. Tamara has been overweight for most of her adult life, but she began exercising and improved her diet before becoming pregnant. Tamara was recently tested for gestational diabetes, and the test result showed that she has elevated blood glucose levels.  Martin has had type 1 diabetes since age 4. He monitors his blood glucose levels several times a day and takes insulin to manage his blood glucose. Martin has always been a healthy weight, but he does not exercise regularly. His dietary habits also need to be improved to help manage his blood glucose levels. Tamara and Martin are concerned for their family's health and want to do all they can to reduce the risk of diabetes and associated health problems.
Which dietary guideline should Tamara and Martin ensure their child follows to help reduce the risk of the child developing type 1 diabetes?

A) Increase fiber intake.
B) Consume foods high in glycemic index.
C) Avoid fat intake.
D) Limit refined grains.
E) Consume high-fat dairy products.

Question 54

Hemoglobin A1c represents blood glucose levels over _____.

A) a couple hours
B) 24 hours
C) a week
D) a month
E) several months