Deck 25: Water Is an Essential Nutrient

Question 1

Muscle is mostly water.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Fat cells are mostly water.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Our days are limited to about six without water.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Drinking more water than is normally needed will help cure chronic fatigue.

Question 5

A tomato contains approximately 95% water.

Question 6

True mineral water is taken from protected underground reservoirs that are lodged between layers of rock.

Question 7

The demand for water is increasing worldwide.

Question 8

The recommended daily intake of water for adults is eight cups.

Question 9

Evidence exists that bottled waters such as alkaline, caffeinated, flavored, and probiotic water are better for health than tap water in the United States.

Question 10

Water is our body's main source of fluoride.

Question 11

Water is a nonessential nutrient because it does not provide the body with energy.

Question 12

Approximately half of our water intake comes from plain water and other beverages and half from foods.

Question 13

Adults are approximately 50% water by weight.

Question 14

The USDA is responsible for the safety of U.S. public water supplies.

Question 15

High-fiber diets increase the need for water.

Question 16

Drinking more water than is normally needed prevents wrinkled skin.

Question 17

Bottled waters sweetened with sugars tend to provide the same amount of sugar as provided by soft drinks.

Question 18

BPA is a harmful chemical found naturally in spring and mineral waters.

Question 19

Caffeine increases urine output in people accustomed to drinking tea.

Question 20

The consumption of high levels of protein is accompanied by a gain in body water.

Question 21

Adults are approximately _____% water by weight.

A) 30-40
B) 45-50
C) 60-65
D) 75-80
E) 80-90

Question 22

Bottled waters have been criticized for their general lack of _____.

A) sodium
B) calcium
C) magnesium
D) fluoride
E) potassium

Question 23

Our need for water is measured in grams or milligrams.

Question 24

Individuals are in water balance when water intake equals water output.

Question 25

Water _____.

A) participates in energy formation
B) prevents dry skin
C) can help cure migraines
D) is required by a few tissues in the body
E) promotes and quickens weight loss

Question 26

Symptoms of dehydration include _____.

A) decreased heart rate
B) hyperactivity
C) vomiting
D) increased body temperature
E) severe headache

Question 27

Water intoxication is rare.

Question 28

People of all ages need fluoride for bone health and the prevention of tooth decay.

Question 29

Most bottled water is fluoridated.

Question 30

Less than 5% of the total water supply is fresh water.

Question 31

Spring water is taken from _____.

A) freshwater sources that form pools or streams on the earth's surface
B) protected underground reservoirs that are lodged between layers of rock
C) the tap
D) distilled ocean water
E) a well

Question 32

Which of the following minerals is naturally present in some well waters and is added to 70% of all municipal water supplies in the United States?

A) iron
B) calcium
C) zinc
D) sodium
E) fluoride

Question 33

The coffee or tea you consume counts toward your overall water intake.

Question 34

A water deficit of 20% can be life-threatening.

Question 35

What percentage of the total water supply is fresh water?

A) 3%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 35%
E) 50%

Question 36

People who are dehydrated may have an increased body temperature.

Question 37

Which authority is responsible for the safety of U.S. public water supplies?

A) U.S. Department of Agriculture
B) Environmental Protection Agency
C) Food and Drug Administration
D) U.S. Pharmacopeia
E) National Institutes of Health

Question 38

The body loses more water when we breathe in warm, moist air than cold, dry air.

Question 39

Most of the water consumed in the United States is water from a public municipal water supply.

Question 40

Most fruits and vegetables are _____% water.

A) 15-30
B) 30-45
C) 45-60
D) 60-75
E) 75-90

Question 41

What is the proportion of water in blood?

A) 50%
B) 65%
C) 71%
D) 83%
E) 96%

Question 42

Symptoms of water intoxication include _____.

A) nausea and vomiting
B) joint pain
C) kidney failure
D) blood in the urine
E) severe fatigue

Question 43

What is the consequence of a loss of body fluids equal to 1% of body weight?

A) confusion
B) thirst
C) vomiting
D) seizure
E) headache

Question 44

Which food contains the lowest percentage of water?

A) egg
B) bread
C) cooked hamburger
D) banana
E) peanut butter

Question 45

In the recent past, the presence of BPA in plastic bottles was considered potentially unsafe, especially for _____.

A) the elderly and pregnant women
B) the elderly and young children
C) the elderly and adolescents
D) pregnant women and young children
E) young children and adolescents

Question 46

Fluoride is needed by _____.

A) infants
B) children
C) adults
D) older adults
E) people of all ages

Question 47

In which of the following cases should the intake of water be reduced?

A) a person on a high-protein diet
B) a person who has consumed foods high in fiber
C) a person who has consumed foods high in fiber
D) a person with a fever
E) a person who has consumed alcohol

Question 48

Identify the condition that is associated with low blood sodium levels and excessive water accumulation in the brain and lungs.

A) hypoglycemia
B) hypoxia
C) hyponatremia
D) hypothermia
E) hypotropia

Question 49

True mineral water is taken from _____.

A) the tap
B) protected underground reservoirs that are lodged between layers of rock
C) freshwater springs that form pools or streams on the earth's surface
D) distilled ocean water
E) a well

Question 50

Which food contains the highest percentage of water?

A) banana
B) egg
C) cheese
D) hamburger
E) tomato

Question 51

An important function of water is to _____.

A) act as the body's cooling system
B) improve motor and sensory nerve functions
C) relieve pain
D) lessen fatigue
E) lessen fatigue

Question 52

Why is the demand for water increasing worldwide?

A) Population growth
B) Most people, including Americans, are dehydrated.
C) Natural disasters
D) The polar ice caps are melting.
E) The amount of groundwater is increasing.

Question 53

Which medications produce a strong craving for water?

A) painkillers
B) antipsychotics
C) opioids
D) stimulants
E) amphetamines

Question 54

The recommended daily intake of water for 19-30-year-old men is _____ cups.

A) 5.0
B) 8.5
C) 11.4
D) 15.6
E) 19.2

Question 55

Water toxicity can lead to low levels of _____ in the blood.

A) magnesium
B) iron
C) sodium
D) calcium
E) potassium

Question 56

Which beverage increases your need for water?

A) milk
B) juice
C) a soft drink
D) coffee
E) beer

Question 57

According to the FDA, _____.

A) plastic containers should not be used because they contain high levels of BPA in foods
B) consumers should look for products with a BPA-free logo
C) current levels of BPA in foods due to plastic containers is safe
D) exposure to BPA increases the risk of cancer development
E) BPS is safer than BPA

Question 58

Which type of body tissue has the lowest water content?

A) muscle
B) blood
C) fat cells
D) bone
E) brain

Question 59

Water intoxication has occurred in _____ who consumed too much water during an event.

A) cross-country skiers
B) basketball players
C) sprinters
D) marathon runners
E) soccer players

Question 60

Of the following people, who needs to increase his or her water intake?

A) a person undergoing a weight-loss treatment
B) a person on a high-sugar diet
C) a person who breathes in moist air
D) a person with diarrhea
E) a person with hyponatremia

Question 61

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
What is the recommended daily intake of water for Casey?

A) 2.7 liters
B) 3.7 liters
C) 4.7 liters
D) 5.7 liters
E) 6.7 liters

Question 62

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
On day two of the hike, why did Casey most likely develop a headache and experience confusion and nausea?

A) dehydration
B) the flu
C) hyponatremia
D) food poisoning
E) contaminated water

Question 63

Discuss the key functions of water in the body.

Question 64

The recommended daily intake of water for 19-30-year-old women is _____ cups.

A) 5.0
B) 8.5
C) 11.4
D) 15.6
E) 19.2

Question 65

Which part of the brain signals the "I'm thirsty" feeling?

A) thalamus
B) cerebellum
C) medulla oblongata
D) hypothalamus
E) pons

Question 66

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
What is the recommended daily intake of water for Cody?

A) 2.7 liters
B) 3.7 liters
C) 4.7 liters
D) 5.7 liters
E) 6.7 liters

Question 67

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
Casey was most likely _____ on day one of the hiking trip.

A) coming down with the flu
B) dehydrated
C) not physically fit
D) experiencing water intoxication
E) fighting a water-borne infectious disease

Question 68

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
Since Cody and Casey are engaged in strenuous work, they should increase their water intake by _____%.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
E) 60

Question 69

Cody and Casey are friends who enjoy working out together. Both are 25 years old. They enjoy going on hikes, running, and biking. During their last adventure, they traveled to the Rocky Mountains for a two-day hiking trip. During the first day of their journey, Cody made sure to keep drinking water and refuel with healthy snacks throughout the day. Casey, who was less diligent in drinking and refueling, slowed the hiking pace, got a severe muscle cramp in her calf, and felt dizzy shortly before they made it to camp. After a little break, she and Cody were able to make it to camp. That night, Cody and Casey ate well and relaxed. After dinner, Cody drank three beers by the campfire before going to sleep. After a good night's sleep and a healthy breakfast of fruit, peanut butter sandwiches, and coffee, they set out on their second day of hiking. In an attempt to avoid the fatigue and muscle cramps she experienced during day one of the hike, Casey made sure to drink about two cups of water every 10-15 minutes, even though she was not thirsty, to avoid becoming dehydrated. Cody was confident that he would be able to stay hydrated and fueled based on his success on day one. However, he noticed that he was extremely thirsty early in the hike and had to drink more water than he did on day one. Several hours into the hike, Casey started to feel a headache coming on and thus she increased her water intake. A short while later, she had to stop hiking because she became confused, felt nauseated, and began to vomit. Cody called the park rangers to get her some medical attention.
What most likely caused Cody to feel so thirsty the morning of day two?

A) He was experiencing water intoxication.
B) He was dehydrated from drinking alcohol the night before.
C) He was fatigued from the first day of the hike.
D) He drank coffee for breakfast.
E) His breakfast had a high-protein content.