Deck 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Question 1

The AAP supports exclusive breastfeeding for approximately six months but recognizes that infants are often developmentally ready to accept complementary foods between four and six months of age.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

At the age of two, healthy children have attained approximately half of their adult height.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Not only do infants grow rapidly, but in proportion to body weight, their:

A) length doubles within the first year.
B) basal metabolic rate is high.
C) energy needs are very low.
D) vitamin intakes are often limited.
E) energy intakes are reduced.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The main source of energy in an infant's diet is provided by what substance found in breast milk and formula?

A) lipids
B) lactose
C) protein
D) dextrose
E) sucrose

Question 5

What food is most likely introduced early when starting complementary foods because it is the least allergenic to an infant?

A) o atmeal
B) e ggs
C) r ice cereal
D) s oy milk
E) c ream of Wheat

Question 6

What best describes why cow's milk is not recommended for infants under one year of age?

A) It is too high in iron.
B) It reduces the bioavailability of vitamin D.
C) It can cause intestinal bleeding.
D) It is too low in calcium.
E) It has a flavor that is not well tolerated among infants.

Question 7

Cholesterol values at birth are similar in all populations and differences do not emerge until late adolescence.

Question 8

The RDA for iron increases at age 12 for both males and females and then returns to preadolescent values in early adulthood.

Question 9

Although there are very few supplemental nutrients recommended during infancy, the AAP does recommend a single dose of what nutrient at birth to prevent uncontrolled bleeding?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin K
E) Vitamin E

Question 10

What foods are most appropriate to introduce to an infant between 6 and 8 months of age, based on the feeding skills of this age?

A) b reads and cereals from the table
B) t extured vegetables and fruits
C) y ogurt
D) f inely cut meat or fish
E) c asserole and eggs

Question 11

Breast milk provides all of the nutrition an infant needs for the first six months of life, with the possible exception of which nutrient?

A) Vitamin A
B) Niacin
C) Vitamin E
D) Calcium
E) Vitamin D

Question 12

Teenage boys experience a more intense growth spurt and develop more lean body mass than girls do.

Question 13

Bradley is an 8-month-old infant who has started eating complementary foods in addition to breastfeeding regularly. What foods should his mother feed him that will support his intake of zinc?

A) f ruit juice
B) i ron-fortified cereal
C) i ce cream
D) c hicken
E) o ranges

Question 14

A normal infant respiratory rate is between _____ breaths per minute.

A) 5 and 10
B) 15 and 20
C) 20 and 40
D) 45 and 60
E) 60 and 75

Question 15

The way children eat influences their nutritional health during childhood, during their teen years, and for the rest of their lives.

Question 16

Which factor found in breast milk has been shown to offer protective benefits to the breastfeeding infant?

A) Lactoferrin
B) Diacetyl reductase
C) Prostacyclin
D) Calcitonin
E) Glucose oxidase

Question 17

Infant formulas typically contain protective antibodies for infants.

Question 18

The initial goal for overweight children is to reduce weight gain through diet restriction.

Question 19

No RDA for total fat has been established, but the DRI committee recommends a fat intake of 10 to 15 percent of energy for children 1 to 3 years of age.

Question 20

Adult heart disease is a major pediatric problem.

Question 21

A young child who requires 1000 kcalories per day for energy would need how much fruit each day?

A) ½ cup
B) 1 cup
C) 1 ½ cups
D) 2 cups
E) 2 ½ cups

Question 22

A concerned parent asks about how to best protect her child from lead exposure and possible toxicity. The best advice is to:

A) provide more foods that contain vitamin C.
B) only use bottled water to make infant formula.
C) prevent the child from putting old or dirty objects in his mouth.
D) decrease the number of servings of red meat or poultry.
E) clean windowsills and door frames regularly with bleach.

Question 23

Based on data from the BMI-for-age growth charts, children and adolescents are categorized as overweight when their weight is above the _____ percentile.

A) 65^th
B) 75^th
C) 85^th
D) 95^th
E) 99^th

Question 24

Iron deficiency not only causes an energy crisis, but also directly:

A) damages memory and sleep patterns.
B) results in poor growth and athletic performance.
C) impairs attention span and learning ability.
D) harms the immune system.
E) causes cardiac arrhythmias and blood pressure problems.

Question 25

Approximately half of the empty kcalories consumed by children in the United States are contributed by six specific foods, including:

A) pizza and soda.
B) French fries and chips.
C) chocolate and gum.
D) white bread and rice.
E) sausage and bacon.

Question 26

As a strategy to help prevent childhood obesity, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children be limited to _____ of television and video time per day.

A) 30 minutes
B) 1 hour
C) 2 hours
D) 3 hours
E) 4 hours

Question 27

At about the first birthday, a child's appetite tends to:

A) increase dramatically.
B) slow down.
C) increase very slowly according to weight gain.
D) intensify as related to sweets and sugar.
E) expand, requiring at least six small meals per day.

Question 28

To prevent iron deficiency, a child needs _____ mg of iron per day.

A) 2-3
B) 3-5
C) 7-10
D) 9-12
E) 13-15

Question 29

Providing large quantities of candy, cola, and other concentrated sweets during the growing years is most likely to result in:

A) obesity.
B) hyperactivity.
C) nutrient toxicities.
D) developmental delays.
E) iron deficiency.

Question 30

Among the following, foods that help most to meet children's iron requirements are:

A) milk, cheese, or yogurt.
B) oranges, apples, or bananas.
C) prunes, grapes, or raisins.
D) whole-wheat, enriched, or fortified breads.
E) dark green, deep orange, or yellow vegetables.

Question 31

Which activity can a parent perform if he wants to encourage good eating habits that will support continued normal weight as his child grows?

A) Give an infant or child food as a reward.
B) Allow occasional high-energy sweets.
C) Urge the child to finish his bottle at each feeding.
D) Avoid associating food deprivation with punishment.
E) Feed the child the same foods he likes again and again.

Question 32

The food most likely to lead to anaphylactic shock among children is:

A) peanuts.
B) soy.
C) corn.
D) strawberries.
E) maple syrup.

Question 33

What symptom would a child most likely experience with impending anaphylactic shock?

A) a  pounding headache
B) d ry eyes
C) s welling in the ankles and feet
D) a  tingling sensation in the mouth
E) c onstipation

Question 34

When feeding an infant, what food should a parent be sure to omit as part of the infant's diet?

A) p oultry
B) f ruit juice
C) p asta
D) f rozen yogurt
E) h oney

Question 35

Which statement accurately describes the energy needs of a child?

A) Total energy needs increase with age, but energy needs per kilogram of weight decline.
B) Energy needs decrease during early childhood and then peak closer to adolescence.
C) Total energy needs decrease with age, but energy needs per kilogram of weight increase with age.
D) Energy needs increase until puberty, when they dramatically decrease.
E) Preschool children expend more energy and so have higher energy needs than school-age children.

Question 36

Circumstances associated with both iron deficiency and lead poisoning are low socioeconomic status and:

A) a history of mental illness.
B) exposure to secondhand smoke.
C) pica.
D) exposure to cat litter.
E) lack of immunizations.

Question 37

Compared to their well-fed peers, children who do not eat breakfast may:

A) gain excess weight.
B) struggle with depression.
C) have shorter attention spans.
D) have poor peer relationships.
E) suffer from developmental delays.

Question 38

Vegan diets for children must be planned carefully because otherwise they may not provide enough:

A) protein.
B) fiber.
C) kcalories.
D) sodium.
E) fat.

Question 39

Research studies conducted on children's food intakes have shown that:

A) food energy intake is usually the same from meal to meal.
B) the total daily energy intake is highly inconsistent.
C) if a child eats more at one meal, he may eat less at the next.
D) energy intake decreases as children get older.
E) children who are picky eaters tend grow up into finicky adults.

Question 40

The most significant effects of long-term hunger on children include:

A) behavioral problems.
B) poor performance in school.
C) depression.
D) impaired growth.
E) cognitive disabilities.

Question 41

What is an example of selection criteria used when evaluating the potential for obesity surgery in an adolescent?

A) BMI >30
B) BMI > 25 with significant weight-related problems
C) Physical maturity
D) Capable of participating in team sports following surgery
E) History of failure in classes at school or another educational program

Question 42

Nutrients often found lacking in teenage diets include:

A) iron, calcium, and vitamin D.
B) vitamin C, sodium, and protein.
C) fat, iron, and fiber..
D) calcium, zinc, and vitamin B_12.
E) sodium, magnesium, and chloride.

Question 43

Power struggles over food arise when:

A) parents try to control every aspect of a child's eating.
B) children are allowed to regulate their own food intake.
C) parents don't demonstrate healthy eating habits.
D) children are presented with too many food choices.
E) parents allow their children to eat their favorite foods.

Question 44

Examples of bone-strengthening activities that can be included into a child's daily recreation to control weight and improve physical fitness include:

A) running.
B) cross-country skiing.
C) bicycle riding.
D) jumping rope.
E) brisk walking.

Question 45

The most influential persons involved in shaping self-concept, addressing weight concerns, and following dieting practices among children and adolescents are the media and:

A) teachers.
B) coaches.
C) pastors.
D) parents.
E) peers.

Question 46

Adolescents who drink soft drinks regularly have _____ when compared to those who do not.

A) greater iron intake
B) higher blood pressure
C) an increased risk of colon cancer
D) lower calcium intake
E) more episodes of constipation

Question 47

At home, where teenagers are frequently snacking, the best strategy for parents is to stock the pantry with:

A) plenty of diet drinks and low-fat snacks.
B) easy-to-grab foods that are nutritious.
C) enough food for only one snack a day.
D) 100-kcalorie snack packs.
E) a variety of fruits, vegetables, and sweets.

Question 48

A 2-year-old child is able to perform which developmental task that allows him to eat and enjoy foods?

A) m aking simple food choices
B) e ating with minimal supervision
C) r equesting favorite foods
D) a ccepting the food that is available
E) d eveloping food likes and dislikes

Question 49

Which recommendation is included by the Expert Committee of the American Medical Association as a healthy habit for children and adolescents to prevent obesity?

A) Eat together as a family as often as possible.
B) Engage in at least 20 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day.
C) Eat foods high in energy density.
D) Limit the amount of total fiber intake each day.
E) Eat at least ½ to 1 cup of fruits and vegetables per day.

Question 50

Adolescents who eat at home with family members:

A) tend to gain more weight.
B) are less influenced by their peers.
C) consume a more nutritious diet.
D) watch more television.
E) perform better in school.

Question 51

Iron intakes often do not meet the iron needs of adolescent females because they tend to:

A) eat fewer iron-rich foods and take in fewer kcalories.
B) consume more foods that interfere with iron absorption.
C) have a longer growth spurt.
D) develop greater lean body mass.
E) be more physically active.

Question 52

According to the USDA Nutrition Standards for foods sold in schools, all schools may sell which beverages?

A) f lavored or unflavored low-fat milk
B) u nflavored vitamin D milk
C) p lain or carbonated water
D) w ater, low-fat milk, and sports drinks
E) w ater and diet soda

Question 53

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, lunches provided at school must contain how many 1-oz. servings of meat or meat alternatives for elementary students?

A) 1-3
B) 4-5
C) 6-7
D) 8-10
E) 11-13

Question 54

A meal provided by the School Breakfast Program must contain:

A) one serving of white milk and one of chocolate milk.
B) two servings of meat, such as bacon or sausage.
C) three servings of whole grains.
D) one serving of fruit or vegetable.
E) one serving of hot cereal.

Question 55

Michael's mother complains that he is a very picky eater and never likes to try new foods. She states that he will only eat chicken nuggets and toaster pastries. Which strategy could be advised to Michael's mother that may help him to be less picky with eating?

A) Serve meals in their traditional order, on a regular schedule.
B) Encourage the child to finish a small serving of each meal.
C) Let the child participate in meal planning and grocery shopping.
D) Reward the child with chicken nuggets if he eats a new food.
E) Allow the child to watch television commercials about good foods while eating.

Question 56

The iron RDA for a male age 14-18 who is experiencing a growth spurt is _____ mg/day.

A) 8
B) 10.2
C) 11
D) 13.9
E) 16.1

Question 57

A mother who wants to teach her child healthy eating habits and to make good choices about foods should be advised to follow which tip to honor her child's food choices?

A) Offer vegetables that are cooked and soft.
B) Give the child a choice between brightly colored vegetables or peanut butter and jelly.
C) Serve smooth foods, such as mashed potatoes, without lumps.
D) Offer cooked foods at temperatures that are hot to the touch.
E) Encourage the child to eat more spicy foods.

Question 58

Adolescents eat about _____ of their meals away from home, which can enhance or hinder their nutritional well-being.

A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 2/3
E) 3/4

Question 59

The adolescent growth spurt:

A) begins earlier in girls than in boys.
B) affects every organ except the brain.
C) decreases total nutrient needs.
D) causes a greater weight gain in girls.
E) begins earlier in boys than in girls.

Question 60

On average, about _____ of an adolescent's total daily energy intake comes from snacks.

A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 2/3
E) 3/4

Question 62

Discuss the problems associated with providing nutritious lunches to students at school.

Question 63

For boys born in the United States in the year 2000, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes sometime in their lives is estimated to be:

A) 10 percent.
B) 25 percent.
C) 30 percent.
D) 45 percent.
E) 60 percent.

Question 64

What is the role of the "gatekeeper," as applied to nutrition?

Question 65

The most important risk factor for type 2 diabetes in children is:

A) food intolerances.
B) high cholesterol.
C) obesity.
D) food allergies.
E) ethnicity.

Question 66

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
Which food-beverage combination will best improve Bobby's iron status?

A) ham sandwich with iced tea
B) ham sandwich with orange juice
C) ham sandwich with milk
D) ham sandwich with water
E) ham sandwich with a sports drink

Question 67

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
Bobby's diet is low in iron, vitamin D, and fiber and he eats too many foods that contain added sugars. What test can the nurse practitioner perform that would most likely determine if Bobby has an iron deficit in his blood?

A) c omprehensive metabolic panel
B) c reatinine
C) b lood urea nitrogen
D) a lbumin/globulin ratio
E) h ematocrit

Question 68

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
Which food is a common source of vitamin D among children, which Bobby could incorporate into his own diet?

A) c ereal
B) carrots
C) c hicken
D) b ananas
E) s herbet

Question 69

Persistent high blood cholesterol levels may need to be treated with drugs in children once they are _____ years old.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10
E) 16

Question 70

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
When assessing Bobby's food intake, the nurse practitioner includes questioning regarding pica. Which question would be most appropriate to assess for pica?

A) "Do you ever crave or eat non-foods, such as paint chips?"
B) "Do you have diarrhea?"
C) "Do you skip breakfast?"
D) "Do you experience a tingling in your throat when you consume certain foods?"
E) "Do you have stomach pain after you drink milk?"

Question 71

Identify the nutrients most often found lacking in the diets of teenagers.

Question 72

Describe characteristics of vegetables preferred by children and list some practical suggestions for encouraging children to eat more vegetables.

Question 73

Describe the relationship between hunger and school performance.

Question 74

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
Bobby's fatigue is due to iron's role in:

A) neurotransmitter synthesis.
B) immune function.
C) energy metabolism.
D) brain tissue development.
E) skeletal muscle formation.

Question 75

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn.
Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable.
Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice.
Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream.
Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes.
Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything."
The nurse practitioner suggests that Bobby begin taking an over-the-counter children's multivitamin-mineral supplement and that he take in approximately 1600 kcalories per day of a variety of healthy foods. How many cups of milk will Bobby need to consume daily?

A) 3
B) 2 ½
C) 2
D) 1 ½
E) 1

Question 76

An acceptable total cholesterol level for a child or adolescent is:

A)
B)
C) 170-199 mg/dL.
D) 200-239 mg/dL.
E) >240 mg/dL.