Deck 17: Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Question 1

Clinical studies indicate that the gastric bypass surgery generally results in greater weight loss than the gastric banding procedure. ​

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is common in elderly persons and frequently follows a stroke. ​

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Diets containing foods that are modified in texture or consistency are prescribed to treat disorders or conditions that primarily affect the:

A)musculoskelatal system.
B)upper gastrointestinal tract.
C)urinary tract.
D)lower gastrointestinal tract.
E)reproductive tract.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)may promote gastritis and peptic ulcer disease by damaging the gastric mucosal lining. ​

Question 5

Xerostomia is a side effect of many medications and can make speaking and swallowing more difficult.

Question 6

Sweets and sugars increase osmolarity in the small intestine and contribute to dumping syndrome. ​

Question 7

In the dietary treatment of gastritis, irritating foods and beverages should be eliminated regardless of whether the patient is experiencing symptoms. ​

Question 8

Which criterion is not a factor for determining whether a particular food is allowed on a clear-liquid diet?

A)its transparency
B)the amount of digestion required
C)its nutrient density
D)the amount of residue left in the colon
E)that it is liquid at room temperature

Question 9

Moist, soft-textured foods that easily form a bolus are included in a _____ diet.

A)pureed
B)soft
C)full liquid
D)blenderized
E)clear liquid

Question 10

Mechanically altered diets are usually ordered for the patient who has:

A)an inflamed intestine.
B)diarrhea.
C)chewing or swallowing problems.
D)heartburn.
E)constipation.

Question 11

A full-liquid diet is sometimes used as a transitional diet between the clear liquid diet and diets that contain solid foods.

Question 12

Which food would not be allowed on a full-liquid diet? ​

A)pudding
B)ice cream
C)cream of wheat ​
D)angel food cake
E)yogurt

Question 13

A patient with oropharyngeal dysphagia has difficulty transferring food from the _____ to the _____. ​

A)esophagus; stomach
B)stomach; duodenum.
C)pharynx; larynx
D)mouth; glottis.
E)mouth; esophagus

Question 14

Which food would be allowed on clear-liquid diet?

A)chicken broth
B)​​ hot chocolate
C)sherbet
D)milkshake
E)pulp-containing fruit juices

Question 15

Dry mouth can result from all of these conditions EXCEPT:

A)medication side effects.
B)poorly controlled diabetes.
C)radiation therapy.
D)dysphagia.
E)Sjögren's syndrome.

Question 16

Bariatric surgery is currently considered the most effective treatment for someone with a BMI between 35 and 40 with no weight-related medical problems. ​

Question 17

A patient requiring a clear liquid diet for more than two days should:

A)remain on a clear liquid diet.
B)be given added fat.
C)be supplemented with a commercially prepared low-residue formula.
D)be progressed to the full liquid diet.
E)be reevaluated immediately.

Question 18

People with _____ often complain of food "sticking" in the esophagus. ​

A)esophageal dysphagia
B)oropharyngeal dysphagia
C)dyspepsia
D)gastritis
E)Sjögren's syndrome

Question 19

It is possible to meet all nutrient needs with a mechanically altered diet. ​

Question 20

Many foods on a full-liquid diet contain lactose. ​

Question 21

Which foods would not be appropriate on a Level 1 diet for dysphagia? ​

A)pudding
B)yogurt with fruit
C)baby cereal
D)pureed sweet potatoes
E)rice

Question 22

Repeated bouts of pneumonia may be associated with:

A)dysphagia.
B)irritable bowel syndrome.
C)peptic ulcers.
D)diverticular disease.
E)achalasia.

Question 23

Up to 15% of cases of peptic ulcer disease are accompanied by:

A)pain.
B)dysphagia.
C)gastrointestinal bleeding.
D)reflux esophagitis.
E)pernicious anemia.

Question 24

Patients with reflux esophagitis should be instructed to:

A)eat small meals.
B)drink liquids with meals.
C)lie down after eating.
D)consume caffeine-containing foods and beverages.
E)eat very cold foods to soothe the stomach.

Question 25

All of these foods are often associated with dyspepsia EXCEPT:

A)raw foods.
B)coffee.
C)spicy foods.
D)high-fat foods.
E)chocolate.

Question 26

All of these foods are appropriate for a patient suffering from mouth dryness EXCEPT:

A)sauces.
B)potato chips.
C)gravies.
D)sugarless gum.
E)yogurt.

Question 27

To improve a patient's acceptance of pureed foods, you would:

A)make them watery and thin.
B)use brightly colored foods.
C)avoid the use of spices and seasonings.
D)avoid pureeing a patient's favorite foods.
E)shape the pureed food to resemble traditional dishes.

Question 28

What is the primary treatment of ulcers? ​

A)surgery
B)relaxation therapy
C)drug therapy
D)diet
E)lifestyle changes

Question 29

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)often develops as a consequence of:

A)aging.
B)drugs.
C)feeding tubes.
D)pregnancy.
E)gender.

Question 30

Nutrition interventions that ease the symptoms of nausea include:

A)eating dry, starchy foods.
B)drinking warm beverages.
C)adding fat to foods.
D)eating raw vegetables.
E)adding caffeine to diet.

Question 31

All of these foods may be indicated for individuals with dysphagia EXCEPT:

A)cream of wheat.
B)scrambled eggs.
C)brownies with nuts.
D)pureed chicken.
E)soft cooked vegetables.

Question 32

General discomfort in the upper abdominal area with complaints of stomach pain, gnawing sensations, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and bloating is descriptive of:

A)peptic ulcer disease.
B)dyspepsia.
C)hiatal hernia.
D)Sjögren's syndrome.
E)Barrett's esophagus.

Question 33

To alleviate nausea, you would tell a patient to:

A)limit highly spiced foods.
B)drink liquids with meals.
C)consume hot meals.
D)eat as quickly as possible.
E)eat foods with strong odors.

Question 34

Dysphagia can be caused by all of these conditions EXCEPT:

A)Parkinson's disease.
B)diabetes.
C)esophageal cancer.
D)stroke.
E)cerebral palsy.

Question 35

A condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes above the diaphragm is called a(n):

A)hiatal hernia.
B)Barrett's esophagus.
C)gastritis.
D)gastric ulcer.
E)GERD.

Question 36

Hypochlorhydria may result from:

A)gastritis.
B)peptic ulcer disease.
C)dyspepsia.
D)bariatric surgery.
E)intractable vomiting.

Question 37

The most effective medications for suppressing gastric acid secretion are:

A)antibiotics.
B)proton-pump inhibitors.
C)antacids.
D)NSAIDs.
E)steroids.

Question 38

A major factor in the development of both gastritis and peptic ulcer disease is:

A)infection with H. pylori.
B)stress.
C)overeating.
D)cigarette smoking.
E)vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.

Question 39

Dietary advice that may help treat GERD includes:

A)avoiding alcohol.
B)avoiding gas-forming foods .
C)eating large servings.
D)sucking on a peppermint after a meal.
E)eating snacks just before bedtime.

Question 40

One of the most common causes of acute gastritis is:

A)food allergies.
B)viral infections.
C)repeated use of NSAIDS.
D)radiation therapy.
E)repeated use of proton pump inhibitors.

Question 41

Following sleeve gastrectomy, the resulting gastric sleeve will hold only about _____ of food. ​

A)​ ¹ /₃ cup
B)½ cup
C)1 cup
D)1 ½ cups
E)2 cups

Question 42

Patients who have had gastric bypass surgery require additional supplementation of:

A)proteins.
B)insulin.
C)sodium and phosphorus.
D)intrinsic factor.
E)vitamin B₁₂ and calcium.

Question 43

The protein recommendation for bariatric surgery patients is _____ g per kg of body weight per day. ​

A)0.8 to 1.0
B)1.0 to 1.5
C)1.2 to 1.8
D)1.5 to 2.0
E)2.0 to 2.5

Question 44

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
Once she is able to tolerate regular foods, which type of foods should Ms. Wilson be encouraged to eat? ​

A)complex carbohydrates
B)high-protein foods
C)low-fat foods
D)high-fat foods
E)sweet foods

Question 45

All of these conditions are frequent complications of gastric surgery EXCEPT:

A)bone disease.
B)weight loss.
C)protein malabsorption.
D)iron-deficiency anemia.
E)dumping syndrome.

Question 46

Rapid weight loss following bariatric surgery increases the risk of developing:

A)gallbladder disease.
B)hypertension.
C)type 2 diabetes.
D)Sjögren's syndrome.
E)edema.

Question 47

Appropriate foods for a postgastrectomy diet include:

A)lean, tender meats.
B)fruit punch.
C)milk shakes.
D)frosted flakes.
E)caffeinated beverages.

Question 48

To minimize or prevent dumping syndrome, you would tell a patient to:

A)eat sugar-rich meals.
B)drink a cold beverage with each meal.
C)avoid fiber-rich foods.
D)avoid lying down after eating.
E)limit the amount of fluid consumed with a meal.

Question 49

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
Which food should Ms. Wilson be advised to avoid to prevent possible obstruction of the gastric outlet? ​

A)bananas
B)celery
C)fish
D)mashed potatoes
E)oatmeal

Question 50

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
Before undergoing gastric bypass surgery, Ms. Wilson should:

A)plan to maintain the same diet after surgery as before.
B)attempt a variety of nonsurgical weight loss methods.
C)be assured that the surgery is not associated with complications.
D)devise a weight management program on her own to begin after surgery.
E)have a BMI less than 35.

Question 51

Dietary adjustments after a gastrectomy are influenced by:

A)the size of the remaining stomach.
B)the resulting slower gastric emptying.
C)the type of surgical procedure performed.
D)the patient's food preferences.
E)which drugs were prescribed post-surgery.

Question 52

One of the major side effects of antacids is:

A)forming gas in the stomach.
B)abdominal cramps.
C)edema.
D)hyperglycemia.
E)constipation or diarrhea.

Question 53

The diet progression following bariatric surgery is:

A)liquid, pureed, soft, regular.
B)liquid, mechanical soft, low-fat, regular.
C)pureed, chopped, regular.
D)pureed, chopped, soft, regular.
E)pureed, soft, regular.

Question 54

All of these symptoms are characteristic of dumping syndrome EXCEPT:

A)diarrhea.
B)lightheadedness.
C)difficulty breathing.
D)rapid heartbeat.
E)hypertension.

Question 55

Liquids are restricted following a gastrectomy because they:

A)can speed up the emptying rate of the stomach.
B)slow down the emptying rate of the stomach.
C)add unwanted kcalories.
D)are likely to cause aspiration.
E)may cause diarrhea.

Question 56

To avoid dehydration, the patient who has undergone bariatric surgery should:

A)sip water and other noncaloric beverages throughout the day.
B)drink plenty of fluids with meals.
C)increase intake of foods with high water content.
D)drink sports drinks.
E)drink coffee.

Question 57

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
On the day following surgery, Ms. Wilson will be allowed to consume all of these foods except:

A)sugar-free iced tea.
B)low-fat broth.
C)water.
D)skim milk.
E)sugar-free fruit punch.

Question 58

To help delay stomach emptying and reduce diarrhea following a gastrectomy, foods high in _____ may be useful. ​

A)fat
B)insoluble fiber
C)protein
D)soluble fiber
E)simple sugars.

Question 59

Which food is not typically problematic following bariatric surgery?

A)pasta
B)grapes
C)asparagus
D)crackers
E)nuts

Question 60

Postgastrectomy diets limit the amounts of:

A)fat.
B)sugar.
C)protein.
D)complex carbohydrate.
E)water.

Question 61

Which factor does not promote tooth decay? ​

A)the type of carbohydrate consumed
B)the frequency of carbohydrate intake
C)the stickiness of foods consumed
D)the fat content of foods consumed
E)saliva production

Question 63

Which of these conditions is not a risk factor for developing periodontal disease? ​

A)dental plaque
B)smoking
C)diabetes
D)atherosclerosis
E)HIV infection

Question 66

Which food would be most likely to contribute to dental caries? ​

A)raw carrots
B)milk
C)dried fruits
D)cheese ​
E)sugarless gum

Question 69

Current research suggests that periodontal disease may increase the risk of developing:

A)heart disease.
B)renal failure.
C)arthritis.
D)dermatitis.
E)dementia.

Question 70

Which food stimulates saliva flow and does not contribute to acid formation in the mouth? ​

A)beef
B)legumes
C)orange juice
D)cheese
E)sweetened drinks

Question 75

To prevent oral diseases, it is recommended to:

A)chew gum with sugar to stimulate saliva production.
B)put infants to bed with a nursing bottle of juice.
C)brush teeth after each meal.
D)consume starchy snacks.
E)brush teeth twice a day for at least two minutes.

Question 77

Dental caries are caused by:

A)bacteria that produce acids that attack tooth enamel.
B)excessive fluoride intake that attacks tooth enamel.
C)high-fiber foods that cause carbohydrate to stick to teeth.
D)excessive consumption of sugar that eats into teeth.
E)over production of alkaline secretions.

Question 78

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
In order to achieve and maintain weight loss after surgery, Ms. Wilson should be encouraged to:

A)avoid drinking high-calorie beverages.
B)eat at least one cup of food at each meal.
C)limit her physical activity.
D)snack between meals to avoid feelings of hunger.
E)drink plenty of liquids between meals.

Question 79

The _____ process induced by periodontal pathogens may accelerate the progression of heart disease. ​

A)aerobic
B)anaerobic
C)immune-suppressing
D)antigen-activation
E)inflammatory

Question 80

Use the information to answer questions 57-62. Jennie Wilson is a 42-year-old administrative assistant who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery to treat her obesity and weight-related problems of diabetes and hypertension. 
​
Due to reduced food intake and nutrient malabsorption, Ms. Wilson will likely require supplements of:

A)vitamin D, vitamin B₁₂, iron, and calcium.
B)zinc, magnesium, and iron.
C)vitamin B₆, folate, and niacin.
D)calcium, iron, and vitamin D.
E)sodium, potassium, and iron.