Deck 23: Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

Question 1

How were the promises and problems of the new mass society reflected in education and leisure?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Talk about:
Henry Ford

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

Talk about:
Thomas Edison and Joseph Swan

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

What policies and practices created mass politics in western European states? Did these changes fulfill the aims of earlier nineteenth-century liberals? Why or why not?

Question 5

Talk about:
the "weekend"

Question 6

Talk about:
"day-trippers"

Question 7

To what extent did the emergence and development of socialist parties and trade unions meet the needs of the working classes between 1871 and the end of the century?

Question 8

Compare and contrast middle-class and working-class families. How do you explain the similarities and the differences?

Question 9

Talk about:
Coney Island and Blackpool

Question 10

Discuss the structure of European society between 1870 and 1894. Why do historians focus so much attention on the middle class during this period?

Question 11

Talk about:
Guglielmo Marconi

Question 12

Talk about:
internal combustion engine

Question 13

Between 1871 and 1894, two major domestic political issues involved the achievement of liberal practices and the growth of political democracy. To what extent were these realized in Great Britain, France, Spain, and Italy?

Question 14

Talk about:
Graham Bell

Question 15

Talk about:
Wilbur and Orville Wright

Question 16

How did the Second Industrialization Revolution differ from its predecessor? How did it impact various aspects of life for Europeans of all classes?

Question 17

Talk about:
Gottlieb Daimler

Question 18

Compare and contrast political policies pursued in eastern and western Europe in the final quarter of the nineteenth century.

Question 19

What characteristics are exhibited by mass society in the later nineteenth century, and how did the urban environment shape those characteristic?

Question 20

What advantages did the Second Industrial Revolution offer to women? What changed and did not change for women between 1870 and 1894?

Question 21

Talk about:
Public Health Act of 1875

Question 22

Talk about:
Jean Jaurès

Question 23

Talk about:
Michael Bakunin and anarchism

Question 24

Talk about:
Second Industrial Revolution

Question 25

Talk about:
Contagious Diseases Acts

Question 26

Talk about:
May Day

Question 27

Talk about:
white-collar jobs

Question 28

Talk about:
depression

Question 29

Talk about:
the assembly line

Question 30

Talk about:
cartels and tariffs

Question 31

Talk about:
mass society

Question 32

Talk about:
V.A. Huber

Question 33

Talk about:
plutocrats

Question 34

Talk about:
Eduard Bernstein

Question 35

Talk about:
Octavia Hill

Question 36

Talk about:
revisionism or evolutionary socialism

Question 37

Talk about:
domestic servants

Question 38

Talk about:
Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel

Question 39

Talk about:
sweatshops and "sweating"

Question 40

Talk about:
Social Democratic Party

Question 41

Talk about:
the Reichstag

Question 42

Talk about:
General Georges Boulanger

Question 43

Talk about:
Thomas Cook

Question 44

Talk about:
the Football Association and National and American Leagues

Question 45

Talk about:
Aletta Jacob and "family planning"

Question 46

Talk about:
Cuba and the Philippines

Question 47

Talk about:
Reform Act of 1884

Question 48

Talk about:
Lord Tennyson's The Princess

Question 49

Talk about:
Kulturkampf

Question 50

Talk about:
Bismarck's welfare legislation

Question 51

Talk about:
Spanish-American War

Question 52

Talk about:
mass leisure

Question 53

Talk about:
the Commune

Question 54

Talk about:
France's Third Republic

Question 55

Talk about:
Irish Home Rule

Question 56

Talk about:
mass education

Question 57

Talk about:
Boy Scouts

Question 58

Talk about:
"yellow press"

Question 59

Talk about:
music halls and dance halls

Question 60

Talk about:
mass politics

Question 61

A rise in female prostitution in European cities during the later nineteenth century can best be attributed to

A) heavy migration to cities by country women and their increasingly desperate struggle for urban economic survival.
B) greater public toleration of sex workers and abandonment of all municipal efforts to police the trade.
C) the acceptance by clergymen of the sex trade as an economic necessity for poorer women.
D) the declining interest of men and women to form families.
E) the decline in available husbands due to various STDs.

Question 62

Henry Ford revolutionized the car industry with the mass production of the

A) Make F.
B) Ford Rocket.
C) Bullet.
D) Eagle.
E) Model T.

Question 63

Which one of the following was not a part of the emergence of the late nineteenth-century mass society?

A) The extension of voting rights to the lower classes.
B) Diminishment of the conditions of the lower classes.
C) A better standard of living for the lower classes.
D) Mass leisure.
E) The "weekend" became established as a time of fun.

Question 64

In a cartel

A) a vertically integrated company worked to monopolize all business in its industry.
B) independent enterprises worked together to control prices and fix production quotas.
C) independent associations of grocers cooperated to artificially drive down prices.
D) private militias orchestrated intelligence gathering to diminish the police powers of modern nation states.
E) dependent enterprises worked with an overseeing organization to lower tariffs.

Question 65

"Sweating" jobs for women involved

A) the subcontracting of piecework, usually in the tailoring trades.
B) working as a domestic servant.
C) hard physical labor on farms in the countryside.
D) competing for sales commissions in new department stores.
E) service as operators in the new telephone exchanges.

Question 66

The leading industrial power in Europe after 1870 was

A) France.
B) Germany.
C) Italy.
D) Holland.
E) Britain.

Question 67

The state with the most successful socialist party in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was

A) Britain.
B) France.
C) Germany.
D) Russia.
E) Italy.

Question 68

Talk about:
Alexander III and Russification

Question 69

Talk about:
Magyarization

Question 70

During the Second Industrial Revolution, working-class organizations emphasized the gender role of women as

A) doctors.
B) teachers.
C) housewives.
D) industrial managers.
E) breadwinners.

Question 71

Industrialization in Japan was the result of

A) private investment and initiative.
B) European colonization.
C) socialist planning on the Marxist model.
D) government planning and initiative.
E) ambitious former samurai.

Question 72

Talk about:
William II

Question 73

In late nineteenth-century Europe, increased competition for foreign markets and the growing importance of domestic demand for economic development led to

A) the elimination of trade restrictions like tariffs.
B) a strong reaction against free trade and imposition of steep protective tariffs by most nations.
C) greater economic instability and a sequence of ever deeper economic depressions.
D) closer economic cooperation among the great powers.
E) greater investment by the United States in the European economy.

Question 74

By 1900, which of the following nations was the least advanced industrially?

A) Britain.
B) Germany.
C) France.
D) Belgium.
E) Spain.

Question 75

Which one of the following pairings does not accurately present a nation of origin with its leading export item bound for Europe?

A) Argentina and beef.
B) Brazil and coffee.
C) Chile and gold.
D) Algeria and iron.
E) Java and sugar.

Question 76

Talk about:
nationalities problem

Question 77

The light bulb was invented independently by Thomas Edison and

A) Guglielmo Marconi.
B) Alexander Graham Bell.
C) August Bebel.
D) V. A. Huber.
E) Joseph Swan.

Question 78

The Second Industrial Revolution saw the advent of what new product?

A) textiles.
B) steel.
C) coal.
D) railroads.
E) factories.

Question 79

The state that dominated the market for dyestuffs by 1900, controlling 90 percent of the market was

A) Britain.
B) India.
C) France.
D) Germany.
E) Belgium.

Question 80

What type of new energy source powered the Second Industrial Revolution?

A) coal
B) hydroelectric
C) natural gas
D) electricity
E) fuel-cells