Deck 2: Joining the Hemispheres: Europe, Africa, and the Americas to 1585

Question 1

The Magna Carta was signed by ​

A) ​King John of England.
B) ​Queen Isabella of Spain.
C) King Louis XII of France.​
D) ​King Henry VII of England.
E) ​King Ferdinand of Spain.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The ____________________ emerged as the Mediterranean's first maritime power.​

A) ​Greeks
B) ​Minoans
C) ​Mongols
D) ​Persians
E) ​Romans

Answer 2

B

Question 3

After the death of _________________, Muslim Arab armies conquered much of the Greater Mediterranean.​

A) ​Alexander of Macedonia
B) ​Muhammad Ibn Abdullah
C) ​Jesus of Nazareth
D) ​Marco Polo
E) ​Genghis Khan

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The discovery and conquest of the Americas reoriented commerce and intensified competition among European nations.​

Question 5

When French explorers began their voyages to the New World in the 1500s, they were careful to avoid areas claimed by Spain and Portugal.

Question 6

The Hundred Years War was fought between ​

A) ​Italy and Spain.
B) ​Spain and Portugal.
C) ​England and France.
D) ​France and Spain.
E) ​Portugal and Italy.

Question 7

Between 334 and 323 BCE, ________________ integrated the Mediterranean world and conquered lands from Greece to Asia.​

A) ​Genghis Khan
B) ​Alexander the Great
C) ​Suleiman the Magnificent
D) Phillip of Macedonia
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 8

Before Europeans introduced it to the continent, African societies did not practice slavery.​

Question 9

Around 1,000 BCE, the __________________ began to dominate Mediterranean trade with western Asia.​

A) ​Phoenicians
B) ​Persians
C) ​Romans
D) ​Greeks
E) ​North Africans

Question 10

The earliest agricultural societies emerged in the Mediterranean as early as​

A) ​10,000 BCE.
B) ​8,000 BCE.
C) ​5,000 BCE.
D) 3.000 BCE​.
E) ​1,000 CE.

Question 11

The medieval Catholic church condemned the practice of usury, which meant ​charging interest on borrowed money.

Question 12

The encomienda, originally a system in which conquered Muslim villagers were assigned as laborers, was adapted to fit Spanish goals in the New World.  ​

Question 13

The first attempts by England and France to colonize in the North America were failures.​

Question 14

Which of the following was ​an effect of the contact among Europeans, Asians, and North Africans?

A) ​the exchange of trade goods across great distances
B) ​the occurrence of more frequent and devastating epidemics
C) ​the exchange of technologies and ideologies
D) ​All of these are correct.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 15

While Spanish missionaries often claimed to have baptized and converted natives, the conversions were often partial at best, ​as Indians fused Catholic saints with their native deities.

Question 16

The third major religion to emerge in the Greater Mediterranean was ​

A) ​Islam.
B) ​Christianity.
C) ​Judaism.
D) ​Paganism.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 17

The Columbian Exchange refers to the two-way traffic of plants, animals, people, technologies and microbes, across the Atlantic, between the Europe and the Americas.​

Question 18

Spaniards often allowed colonized Indian communities to govern themselves as long as they submitted to Spanish authority and met their labor and tribute obligations.

Question 19

Which of the following did not ​accompany the rise of the cities in medieval Europe?

A) ​significant increases in population
B) ​the emergence of an increasingly influential merchant class
C) ​a decrease in the number of urban poor
D) ​an increase in European trade with Asia
E) ​improvement in agricultural technology

Question 20

While Europeans introduced diseases to the New World, there were no New World diseases introduced in Europe.​

Question 21

Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand introduced the _______________ to investigate and punish religious dissidents.​

A) ​Inquisition
B) ​encomienda
C) ​ Reconquista
D) ​New Laws
E) ​ r epartimiento

Question 22

By the 1620s, _________________ was the hub of European commerce.​

A) ​Amsterdam
B) ​Granada
C) ​Paris
D) ​London
E) ​Lisbon

Question 23

The Carrera de Indias was ​

A) ​The system of rulership that Spaniards had in place which relied on native leaders and institutions.
B) ​A heavily guarded fleet of Spanish merchant ships.
C) ​The seat of Spanish colonial government located in New Spain.
D) ​The policy that missionaries followed when converting native peoples.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 24

Christopher Columbus was

A) ​Italian.
B) ​Spanish.
C) ​Portuguese.
D) ​French.
E) ​Dutch.

Question 25

Which of the following is true about the Renaissance?​

A) ​Art literature and science flourished.
B) ​It coincided with the population rebound following the Black Death.
C) ​It was marked by the return of the classical texts of ancient Greece and Rome.
D) ​It lead to the questioning of many European institutions.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 26

Which of the following is not true about mercantilism?​

A) ​One of the central principles is that overseas trade can be regulated in ways that supported strong national monarchies.
B) ​The main goals was to allow the state to amass bullion.
C) ​Mercantilism promoted free trade and an unregulated economy.
D) ​Amassing bullion was equated with domestic prosperity and power.
E) ​Trade was very closely regulated.

Question 27

​Which of the following was not  a Spanish Viceroyalty established in colonial Latin America?

A) ​New Spain
B) ​New Granada
C) ​Peru
D) ​Brazil
E) ​Rio de la Plata

Question 28

In his search for a more direct route to Asia, Pedro Alvares ​Cabral made contact with

A) ​Hispaniola.
B) ​Florida.
C) ​Brazil.
D) ​Cuba.
E) ​Argentina.

Question 29

After the discovery of ________________ in northern Mexico, it became the most plentiful, valuable and dependable export.​

A) ​gold
B) ​silver
C) ​iron ore
D) ​copper
E) ​coal

Question 30

The first men to circumnavigate the Earth were from the crew of ​

A) ​Christopher Columbus.
B) ​Vasco Nunez de Balboa.
C) ​Ferdinand Magellan.
D) ​John Cabot.
E) ​Amerigo Vespucci.

Question 31

In _________________, Spanish explorers began venturing into land ​which is part of the present day United States.

A) ​1513
B) ​1490
C) ​1607
D) ​1620
E) ​1542

Question 32

Which of the following is true about the Age of European expansion?​

A) ​Italians, Portuguese and Spanish mariners explored the Atlantic hoping to find a route to Asia.
B) ​Expeditions were spurred by new technologies.
C) ​Europeans sought greater access to gold and slaves from west Africa.
D) ​Catholics sought new converts.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 33

​Which of the following is true of about Spanish explorations in North America?

A) ​Explorers were in search of great wealth such as that found among the Aztec and Inca.
B) ​The 1540s, exploratory ventured were funded by wealthy men once the Spanish crown realized they would not find rich empires.
C) Missionaries seeking to convert natives also made their way through North America.
D) ​Explorers were faced with challenges such as food shortages and hostility from native groups.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 34

____________​______ spent half a century denouncing the Spaniards' unjust treatment of native peoples in the New World.

A) ​Bartolome de las Casas
B) ​Diego Velazquez
C) ​Pope Alexander VI
D) ​Nicolas de Ovando
E) ​Dona Marina

Question 35

Calvinists differed from Lutherans in that Calvinists

A) ​believed in predestination.
B) disavowed in the continued celibacy of priests.
C) rejected Catholic saints and church hierarchies.
D) ​focused on the life of Christ and his teachings rather than on the Virgin Mary.
E) ​changed the form and content of the Catholic Mass.

Question 36

Beginning in 1420, the __________________ started to explore the African coast in search of direct access to gold and salt.​

A) ​Spanish
B) ​Italians
C) ​Dutch
D) ​Portuguese
E) ​French

Question 37

Which of the following is not true about the emergence of Protestantism in Europe?​

A) The Protestant Reformation was lead by Martin Luther.
B) ​England became a Protestant nation under King Henry VIII.
C) ​The Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation with the Counter-Reformation.
D) ​Spain became a Protestant nation under the reign of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 38

Which of the following is true about the colonization of the Atlantic islands by the Portuguese?

A) The colonized the Canary and Madeira Islands.
B) ​They initiated a process of conquest and exploitation that would be repeated in the New World.
C) They established a brutal plantation system that relied on slave labor.
D) Slaves were taken from among the native population as well as from Africa.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 39

Which of the following is true about China's emergence as a naval power?

A) ​It took place under the leadership of Admiral Zheng He.
B) ​They placed great value in trade with foreign nations.
C) ​They established many colonies throughout southeast Asia.
D) ​Their voyages were often accompanied by campaigns of religious conversion.
E) ​They emerged as a naval power during the 1600s.

Question 40

Which of the following is not ​true about Cortes' defeat of the Aztec?

A) ​He threw the empire into chaos by seizing the Aztec ruler Montezuma.
B) ​He was aided by Doña Marina.
C) ​The Aztec were defeated both by Spanish military might and smallpox.
D) ​Initially, Cortes had to defeat the Tlaxcalans, a long-time ally of the Aztec.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 41

The settlement at Roanoke​

A) ​was a dismal failure.
B) ​was undermined by an emphasis on privateering over colonization.
C) ​was established in 1585.
D) ​suffered from food shortages.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 42

Johannes Gutenberg is credited with the invention of ​

A) ​the astrolabe.
B) ​moveable type.
C) ​a more efficient sailing ship.
D) the compass.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 43

The Papal Donation that the Pope had the right to "give, grant and assign" newly discovered lands to the ___________________ monarchs.​

A) ​Spanish and Portuguese
B) ​French and Dutch
C) ​French and English
D) ​Spanish and English
E) Portuguese and Italian​

Question 44

Roanoke was a(n) _______________ settlement.​

A) ​Spanish
B) ​English
C) ​French
D) ​Portuguese
E) ​Italian

Question 45

The destruction of the Spanish Armada in ________________ opened the seas to exploration by other powers.

A) ​1492
B) ​1588
C) ​1625
D) ​1702
E) ​1750

Question 46

The French settlement at Fort Caroline was eliminated by ​

A) ​Jacques Cartier.
B) ​Francisco Vazquez de Coronado.
C) ​Hernando de Soto.
D) ​Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.
E) ​Juan Ponce de León.

Question 47

Portuguese colonization of the Canary Islands was devastating to the ________________, the native population.​

A) ​Taino
B) ​Tupi
C) ​Arawak
D) ​Guanche
E) ​Calusa

Question 48

Which of the following is true about Francis Drake​?

A) ​He was a French privateer.
B) ​He helped Spaniards defeat rebel native groups in Florida.
C) ​He claimed the northern half of California for England.
D) Despite many attempts, he was never truly successful as a privateer.
E) ​He challenged Spain's claim to the west coast of North America, but never managed to destroy any Spanish settlements on the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 49

The Northwest Passage sought by many explorers was a direct route to

A) ​the Far East.
B) ​the North Pole.
C) ​South America.
D) ​the European continent.
E) ​the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 50

​Old World diseases

A) ​had little impact on native groups.
B) ​were the same as diseases found in the New World.
C) ​played no role in European imperial expansion.
D) ​claimed the lives of tens of millions of Indians across the Americas.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 51

The Spanish forts that Phillip II ordered built in Florida in 1557 were intended for the purposes of​

A) ​protecting native populations under Spanish rule.
B) ​protecting Catholic missionaries.
C) ​protecting Spanish settlements in the area.
D) ​protecting Spanish treasure ships from pirates.
E) ​None of these are true.

Question 52

The Black Death killed _________________ ​Europeans.

A) ​1 in 5
B) ​1 in 10
C) ​1in 3
D) ​1 in 20
E) ​1 in 4

Question 53

Contrary to popular myth about his search for the fountain of youth, Juan Ponce de León came to Florida in search of​

A) ​Protestant settlements he sought to destroy.
B) ​shipwrecked Spaniards.
C) ​native groups he wanted to convert to Christianity.
D) ​gold and slaves.
E) None of these are correct.

Question 54

Which of the following diseases was spread in the New World as a result of European expansion?​

A) ​smallpox
B) ​typhus
C) ​measles
D) ​influenza
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 55

​Which of the following is true about the ways that Europeans viewed native peoples in the New World?

A) ​While native peoples were seen as different, they were not perceived to be savages.
B) ​Europeans adopted none of the Native American practices they encountered among Indian groups.
C) ​While Europeans wanted native peoples to adopt Christianity, they wanted other native cultural elements to remain the same.
D) ​Europeans found value in native traditions and practices and sought to find similarities between Indian and European customs.
E) ​Europeans thought and hoped that in colonizing the Americas, Native peoples would adopt key elements of European culture.

Question 56

By the 1520s, the mainstay of the Brazilian economy became​

A) ​silver.
B) ​tobacco.
C) ​sugar.
D) dye-wood.
E) ​gold.

Question 57

Which of the following is a New World crop imported to the European continent?​

A) ​tomato
B) ​potato
C) ​strawberry
D) ​sunflower
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 58

​Typically, the sponsoring monarchy took _________________ of a privateer's plunder.

A) ​one-fifth
B) ​one-half
C) ​one-third
D) ​one-fourth
E) ​none

Question 59

During the 1500s, the Ottoman Empire​

A) ​gained control of overland routes that linked Europe to the Indian Ocean.
B) ​encompassed as many as 50 million people.
C) ​tolerated Christians and Jews.
D) ​had Istanbul as its capital,which had become Europe's largest city.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 60

Native American plants, animals, and microbes​

A) ​never made their way to the European continent.
B) lead to massive population loss in Europe.
C) ​made their way to Europe but did not have severe consequences on the European population.
D) ​do not constitute part of the Columbian Exchange.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 61

​Talk About:  Renaissance​

Question 62

​Talk About:  Counter-Reformation​

Question 63

​Talk About:  Reconquista ​

Question 64

​Talk About:  mariner's astrolabe​

Question 65

​Talk About:  ​virgin soil epidemic

Question 66

​Talk About:  Age of European Expansion​

Question 67

​Talk About:  commercial capitalism​

Question 68

​Talk About:  manorialism​

Question 69

​Talk About:  Middle Ages​

Question 70

​Talk About:  monotheism​

Question 71

​Talk About:  plague​

Question 72

​Talk About:  Early Modern Era​

Question 73

​Talk About:  almshouses​

Question 74

​Talk About:  Union of Utrecht​

Question 75

​Talk About:  John Calvin​

Question 76

​Talk About:  Protestant Reformation​

Question 77

​Talk About:  Crusades​

Question 78

​Talk About:  Little Ice Age​

Question 79

​Talk About:  ​ Silk Road

Question 80

​Talk About:  Magna Carta​