Deck 6: Withdrawal Designs

Question 1

The A-B-A-B design is superior to A-B or A-B-A designs for all of these reasons EXCEPT:

A)issues of prediction, verification, and replication are strengthened.
B)it controls threats to internal validity.
C)it controls threats to reliability.
D)it ends with the treatment phase in effect.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Withdrawal designs can be used in which of the following situations?

A)when the nature of the target behavior is such that it can be reversed when the treatment is withdrawn
B)when the nature of the treatment is such that its effects are present on the target behavior after it is withdrawn
C)when withdrawal of treatment does not compromise ethics
D)both when the nature of the target behavior is such that it can be reversed when the treatment is withdrawn and when withdrawal of treatment does not compromise ethics

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The major disadvantages of the withdrawal design have to do with which of the following situations?

A)when the target behavior is reversible
B)when the treatment effects will not continue after the treatment is withdrawn
C)both when the target behavior is reversible and when the treatment effects will not continue after the treatment is withdrawn
D)None of these are correct.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What are the limitations of the study involving Brian and Brittany?

Question 5

Situations appropriate for the use of withdrawal designs include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)when the nature of the target behavior is such that it can be reversed when the treatment is withdrawn.
B)when the nature of the treatment is such that its effects are not present on the target behavior after it is withdrawn.
C)when withdrawal of treatment does not compromise ethics.
D)when it is not educationally or clinically desirable for the behavior to return to baseline levels.

Question 6

What is the chief advantage of an A-B-A-B design over a simpler A-B design, assuming the independent and dependent variables are the same as well as the subject, setting, and so on?

Question 7

____________ occurs first when the change from baseline to intervention phase results in a desired change in responding.

A)Verification
B)Prediction
C)Replication
D)Reversal

Question 8

A typical withdrawal design is usually designated by the letters (where A represents baseline and B represents intervention):

A)A-B.
B)B-A-A-A.
C)A-B-A.
D)A-B-A-B.

Question 9

This design is preferable because the study ends with the intervention condition in effect:

A)A-B-A
B)A-B-C-A
C)B-A-B
D)A-B-A-B-C-A

Question 10

The A-B-A design is not recommended in educational settings because:

A)the study concludes with the subject in a treatment phase.
B)the study concludes with the subject in a nontreatment phase.
C)the study does not repeat itself adequately.
D)it lacks experimental control.

Question 11

In the Brian and Brittany scenario, what was/were the dependent variable(s)?

A)the PECS binder and tantrum behaviors
B)tantrum behaviors and the MotivAider
C)tantrum behaviors
D)the PECS binder

Question 12

Which treatment is advantageous in that the more times the treatment is applied and withdrawn (with the predicted pattern demonstrated), the more evidence there is of experimental control?

A)A-B-A design
B)A-B-A-B design
C)B-A-B design
D)A-B-A-B-A-B design

Question 13

The logic of this design is that if the target behavior improves in the desired direction during the intervention phase and changes toward baseline levels once the treatment is withdrawn, then the investigator can conclude that the treatment was indeed responsible for the improvement of the target behavior:

A)A-B-A design
B)A-B-A-B design
C)B-A-B design
D)A-B-A-B-A-B design

Question 14

In the Brian and Brittany scenario, what was/were the independent variable(s)?

A)the PECS binder and tantrum behaviors
B)tantrum behaviors and the MotivAider
C)the MotivAider
D)the PECS binder

Question 15

When might a B-A-B design be more appropriate than an A-B-A-B design? Cite an appropriate reason.

Question 16

What design was used in the Brian and Brittany scenario?

A)B-A-B
B)A-B-A
C)A-B-A-B
D)A-B-A-C

Question 17

When might an A-B-A-B-A-B design be strongly preferred over an A-B-A-B design?

Question 18

When an individual's behaviors during subsequent baseline conditions are negatively affected by resentment over having the treatment withdrawn, it is called what?

A)withdrawal demoralization
B)resentful withdrawal
C)resentful demoralization
D)None of these are correct.

Question 19

____________ occurs when the return to the treatment phase results in a similar pattern as the previous treatment phase:

A)Replication
B)Verification
C)Duplication
D)Repetition

Question 20

The terms reversal and withdrawal designs are often used interchangeably, although, they do, in fact, have different meanings. Explain the difference in the two design types.