Deck 13: Pistons, Rings, Connecting Rods, and Bearings

Question 1

Technician A says that there should be no noticeable movement in an up and down motion when pulling or pushing on a connecting rod installed on a piston. Technician B says that special tools must be used to remove piston pins with a press-fit design. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A connecting rod is being inspected and measured for reuse. Technician A says that the big end of the connecting rod should be measured for out-of-round and taper. Technician B says that a special alignment tool must be used when measuring for twist. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Answer 2

C

Question 3

During operation of an engine, the crankshaft rides on a thin layer of oil.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Of the three main types of piston materials, forged pistons are the strongest.

Question 5

Bearings from an engine are being inspected. It is observed that the most wear starts at the furthest point away from the location of the oil pump and is noticeable less as you get closer to the pump. Technician A says that could be due to a condition known as dry starts. Technician B says that this is most likely due to incorrect drive belt tension. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 6

Technician A says if the piston ring end gap is too tight, ring breakage could occur. Technician B says that piston rings come in increments of .001" (.0254mm). Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 7

All piston pins are positioned exactly in the center of the piston skirts.

Question 8

A crankshaft has just been installed into the engine block, and all of the caps have been torqued into place. The crankshaft would not rotate by hand at this time. Technician A says this is normal; rotating a newly installed crankshaft will usually take the force of a wrench turning the crankshaft by the front bolt. Technician B says that this could be caused by mixing up the placement of two main caps. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 9

All of the following are normal repairs for a connecting rod EXCEPT ____.

A) resizing the big end
B) installing bushings into the small end
C) resizing the small end
D) welding any cracks

Question 10

When a main bearing is installed, the ends of the bearing should not protrude past the parting line of the saddle and cap of the block.

Question 11

Full-floating piston pins are held in by locks or snap rings that usually allow the pin to be removed without a press.

Question 12

A connecting rod bearing is being inspected. The bearing shows excessive wear on one side of each bearing half with one worn toward the front of the engine and one worn to the rear. Technician A says that this may be caused by lack of lubrication. Technician B says that this could be caused by a bent connecting rod. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 13

Cam ground pistons have the largest diameter across the trust surfaces.

Question 14

Connecting rod bearings receive oil after it passes through the crankshaft through small passages that are fed through the main bearings.

Question 15

Technician A says that when viewing the piston assembly from the top, all of the end gaps for the piston rings should be at the 12 o'clock position. Technician B says that compression rings may be marked with a small dot that must face the bottom of the piston when installed. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 16

An engine is torn down after low miles and a recent overhaul because of smoking. Not related to the smoking, it is noticed that many of the crankshaft bearings have localized spots of wear. Technician A says that this is a normal condition for an overhauled engine. Technician B says the localized wear could be due to dirt that was left on the main saddles during the recent overhaul. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 17

Technician A says that it may be possible to file piston rings that have the end gaps too tight. Technician B says that a ring compressor is used to aid in installing the piston rings onto the pistons. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 18

Higher compression ratios can be attained from dished pistons instead of domed.

Question 19

Cast aluminum pistons expand more and at a faster rate than forged aluminum pistons.

Question 20

The thrust bearing prevents excessive side-to-side movement of the crankshaft.

Question 21

What part is pressed into the back of many crankshafts and used with manual transmissions?

Question 22

What are two causes for nicks on the piston head?

Question 23

Technician A says that if the original lifters are being installed, they must be put back in their original position. Technician B says that the lifter bore clearance should be checked with Plastigage prior to installation. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 24

Technician A says most engines use two oil control rings and one compression ring. Technician B says low-tension oil rings reduce friction and improve fuel economy. Who is correct?

A) Technician A
B) Technician B
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 25

What are the three main manufacturing processes used to make up the construction/material used in pistons?

Question 26

How many thrust bearings will you find on a crankshaft?

Question 27

Technician A says that the fillet on a crankshaft rod journal is where the thin film of oil supports the rod bearing. Technician B says that main bearings are inspected for wear and resurfaced if necessary. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 28

All of the following are types of connecting rod except:

A) Nodular steel
B) Cast iron
C) Nodular iron
D) Powdered metal

Question 29

What are the holes drilled near the top compression ring on some pistons called?

Question 30

List in inches three main bearing undersizes usually available for most engines with undersized ground crankshafts.

Question 31

Technician A says that RTV sealer may be used in place of an O-ring installed on an oil pump pickup. Technician B says that oil pumps should be installed onto the engine block with all parts inside and out, clean and dry. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 32

After installing a crankshaft, what is the measurement taken with a dial indicator mounted on one end of the crankshaft and gently prying the crankshaft to the front and rear of the engine?

Question 33

Which of the following is a typical main bearing torque sequence?

A) Center cap out to outer caps
B) Front cap to rear cap
C) Rear cap to front cap
D) Outside caps to inside caps

Question 34

Where are the compression rings located on the piston?

Question 35

What three things related to the camshaft will affect the depth needed for piston valve reliefs?

Question 36

Installation of a cylinder head is being discussed. Technician A says that some engines require sealer to be put on the head bolts during installation. Technician B says that the crankshaft should be located a few degrees before TDC to place all of the pistons below deck height. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 37

Fractured rod caps are used with which type of rod construction?

A) Nodular steel
B) Powdered metal
C) Cast iron
D) Forged steel

Question 38

Technician A says to apply oil to the connecting rod bearings while taking measurements with Plastigage. Technician B says that Plastigage will more accurately measure oil clearances than micrometers. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 39

Which of the following is a typical cylinder head tightening sequence?

A) From the center to the outside
B) Front to rear
C) Outside to inside
D) None of the above

Question 40

What tool is used for installing the piston rings on the pistons?

Question 41

What is different about a GDI (Gas Direct Injection) piston and why is it designed differently?

Question 42

Explain the pros and cons related to hypereutectic pistons.

Question 43

Describe how a rod heater works and is used to install a piston and pin on a connecting rod.

Question 44

Explain what the minor and major thrust sides of the piston are.

Question 45

Fractured type connecting rod caps can be used on any different connecting rods from the same engine.

Question 46

Explain in detail why some pistons are cam ground and or tapered.

Question 47

What is the skirt of the piston and its function?