Deck 8: Emerging Technologies

Question 1

Each qubit can represent more than just the two states (one and zero)used with today's electronic bits; a qubit can even represent many states at one time.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Ethernet is the least common wired networking protocol.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The accompanying figure is a 2D barcode, which represents data with a matrix of small squares that store information both horizontally and vertically and so can hold significantly more data than conventional one-dimensional barcodes.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Perceptual computing uses special glasses, similar to Google Glass or MIT's Magic Glass, to see the output.

Question 5

Researchers are experimenting with a combination of DNA molecules and carbon nanotubes to make smaller, more powerful, and more energy-efficient computer chips.

Question 6

The speed of a Wi-Fi network and the area it can cover depend on a variety of factors, including the amount of interference from cordless phones, baby monitors, microwave ovens, and other devices that also operate on the same radio frequency as Wi-Fi (usually 2.4 GHz).

Question 7

Because light beams can interfere with each other, optical computers are somewhat larger than electronic PCs.

Question 8

Intelligent Agents called entertainment bots provide entertainment, such as a virtual pet to take care of or an animated character to play games with.

Question 9

Holographic data storage systems are particularly suited to applications in which large amounts of data need to be stored, retrieved quickly, and changed often.

Question 10

Because IMOD displays use external light, images are bright and clear even in direct sunlight.

Question 11

OLEDs use backlighting.

Question 12

MRAM uses magnetic polarization rather than an electrical charge to store data.

Question 13

Near Field Communication technology uses RFIC technology to download and display videos with large file sizes.

Question 14

Telemedicine is the use of networking technology to provide medical information and services.

Question 15

Even though carbon nanotubes conduct heat better than diamonds, they have limited potential for future computing products because they do not conduct electricity as well as copper and are not particularly strong.

Question 16

Intelligent agents called commerce bots search online stores to find the best overall prices for specified products.

Question 17

Telesurgery is a form of robot-assisted surgery, in which a robot controlled by a physician operates on the patient.

Question 18

The inference engine component of an expert system is a software program that applies the rules to the data stored in the knowledge base in order to reach decisions.

Question 19

Artificial intelligence (AI)is "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."

Question 20

An emerging new wireless networking option is WiMAX, which is faster than Wi-Fi but has a shorter range than Wi-Fi.

Question 21

Typically, 3D chips are created by layering individual ____ wafers on top of one another with a special machine that uses cameras to align the wafers properly.

A)circuit boards
B)silicon
C)aluminum
D)magnetic

Question 22

Quantum computers differ from conventional computers in that they utilize atoms or nuclei working together as quantum bits or qubits . _________________________

Question 23

For memory improvements, several forms of volatile RAM are becoming available or are under development. _________________________

Question 24

Quantum computing applies the principles of quantum physics and quantum mechanics to computers, going beyond traditional physics to work at the macro level. _________________________

Question 25

Neural networks, like those used in biometric identification systems in the accompanying figure, are also known as neural services . _________________________

Question 26

Intelligent agents are expected to be an important part of the Expert Web -a predicted evolution of the current Web in which all Web content is stored in formats that are more easily read by software applications and intelligent agents so those tools can perform an increasing number of tasks. _________________________

Question 27

A possible future application of nanotechnology includes disposing of e-waste by rearranging dangerous components at the atomic level into inert substances. _________________________

Question 28

Intelligent Agents called voicebots carry on written "conversations" with people in a natural language. _________________________

Question 29

One of the key enhancements in the newest Bluetooth specification known as  _____________ is low energy, which enables small devices to run for years on a single button-sized battery.

A)Bluetooth LE
B)Bluetooth Smart
C)Bluetooth wirless USB
D)Bluetooth Gig

Question 30

A ____________is a pocket-sized device that typically connects to a smartphone or portable computer to enable the device to display an image on a wall.

A)pico projector
B)mega projector
C)3D projector
D)hologram projector

Question 31

Brain-to-brain interfacing is the process of connecting the brain with a computer, such as implanting electrodes directly into the brain or using a headset that wirelessly reads and interprets brainwaves. _________________________

Question 32

The most common Ethernet standards for LANs today are Fast Ethernet, which supports data transfer rates of up to 100 Mbps, and Flash Ethernet, which is even faster at 1,000 Mbps. _________________________

Question 33

Organic light emitting diode displays use layers of organic material which, when electric current is applied, emits a visible light. _________________________

Question 34

During a(n)Loebner test, in which an observer interacts electronically with both a computer and a person, the observer submits written questions electronically to both the computer and the person, evaluates the typed responses, and tries to identify which answers came from the computer and which came from the person. According to the test's inventor, if the computer can repeatedly fool the observer into thinking it was human, then it should be viewed as intelligent. _________________________

Question 35

____ chips have a special coating that changes its physical state when heat is applied.

A)RAM
B)PAM
C)RPAM
D)PRAM

Question 36

____ mobile payments use RFID to facilitate communication between devices, including transferring payment information, receipts, boarding passes, and other information wirelessly between payment terminals and mobile phones.

A)Wireless Batch Communication (WBC)
B)RF Product Communication (RFPC)
C)Near Field Communication (NFC)
D)Electronic Product Coding (EPC)

Question 37

There are a number of different versions of the 802.11 standard; the 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac standards are the most widely used today. _________________________

Question 38

One nanotechnology development that is already being used in a variety of products available today is carbon nanotubes, which are tiny, hollow tubes made up of carbon atoms. _________________________

Question 39

Fiber chips, which use light waves to transmit data, are also currently in development. _________________________

Question 40

A(n)reference image is a three-dimensional representation of data in the form of a checkerboard pattern of light and dark pixels. _________________________

Question 41

One new improvement to videoconferencing technology to make it more closely mimic a real-time meeting environment is ____ videoconferencing.

A)telepresence
B)television
C)telephoning
D)televirtual

Question 42

Developed in the late 1990s, Wi-Fi (for wireless fidelity)is a family of wireless networking standards that use the IEEE standard ____.

A)802.1
B)802.11
C)801.2
D)801.22

Question 43

With holographic storage systems, the signal beam passes through a device called a ____ light modulator (SLM), which translates the data's 0s and 1s into a hologram.

A)starting
B)standard
C)spatial
D)static

Question 44

Today's holographic storage systems typically consist of a holographic drive and removable recordable holographic discs, with current capacities ranging from 300 GB to ____ GB per cartridge.

A)400
B)500
C)600
D)700

Question 45

____ applications that exist in some form today include intelligent agents, expert systems, neural networks, and robotics.

A)Deep technology
B)Artificial intelligence
C)Expert
D)Environmental

Question 46

To record data, holographic storage systems split the light from a blue laser beam into two beams-a ____ beam whose angle determines the address used to store data at that particular location on the storage medium and a signal beam that contains the data.

A)reference
B)static
C)standard
D)starting

Question 47

Designed initially for mobile phones and other portable devices, an IMOD screen is essentially a complex mirror that uses ____ light to display images.

A)internal
B)external
C)diffuse
D)both a and b

Question 48

A __________ usually projects the image from a mobile device to a display screen built into the glasses via a wireless connection.

A)wearable display
B)integrated projector
C)pico projector
D)3D printer

Question 49

Self-driving cars, like Google's autonomous cars, are essentially __________.

A)neural networks
B)robotic cars
C)expert systems
D)inference engines

Question 50

While some researchers are working on developing an all-optical computer, others believe that a mix of optical and electronic components, referred to as an ____ computer, may be the best bet for the future.

A)electro-optics
B)electronic-opto
C)opto-electronic
D)optics-electro

Question 51

Power over Ethernet (PoE)allows both ____ power and data to be sent over standard Ethernet cables.

A)microwave
B)electrical
C)magnetized
D)radio wave

Question 52

The speed and distance of a Wi-Fi network depends on a variety of factors, such as the particular Wi-Fi standard and ____.

A)the number of solid objects between the access point and PC (walls, doors)
B)interference from devices using radio frequencies (baby monitors, microwave ovens)
C)the hardware being used
D)all of the above

Question 53

____ displays are transparent; the portion of the display that does not currently have an image displayed (and the entire display device when it is off)is nearly as transparent as glass, so the user can see through the screen.

A)TOLED
B)TLED
C)TDOE
D)TLED

Question 54

The ____ Web is a predicted evolution of the current Web in which all Web content is stored in formats that are more easily read by software applications and intelligent agents.

A)5G
B)Semantic
C)Natural-Language
D)Thought-Stream

Question 55

One recent development in new technology is ____ that can remove contaminants from water sources.

A)magnetized particles
B)microparticles
C)nanofilters
D)electroparticles

Question 56

Most people agree that nanotechnology involves creating computer components, machines, and other structures that are less than ____ nanometers in size.

A)10
B)100
C)1,000
D)10,000

Question 57

In general, Wi-Fi is designed for data transfers between ____ feet indoors.

A)10 and 100
B)500 and 1,000
C)100 and 300
D)30 and 90

Question 58

A(n)____ computer uses light, such as from laser beams or infrared beams, to perform digital computations.

A)optical
B)digital
C)hybrid
D)solar

Question 59

The wall of a single-walled carbon nanotube is only one carbon atom thick and the tube diameter is approximately ____ times smaller than a human hair.

A)10
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)100,000

Question 60

____ is one of the Wi-Fi standards most widely used today.

A)802.11ac
B)802.11g
C)802.11n
D)all of the above

Question 61

____ is the process of connecting the brain with a computer, such as implanting electrodes directly into the brain to restore lost functionality to or facilitate the communications of severely disabled individuals.

A)Telebrainage
B)BCI
C)VeriChip'ing
D)CIT

Question 62

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 8-1 Sam is putting together a presentation in which she explains how holographic storage works. Sam explains that to record data, holographic storage systems split the light from a blue laser beam into two beams, and that the ____ beam contains the data.

A)signal
B)reference
C)acute
D)inferred

Question 63

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 8-1 Sam is putting together a presentation in which she explains how holographic storage works. Researchers recently demonstrated the ability to store data  __________ in synthetic crystals, which may eventually lead to a disc that can store 360 TB of data and be stable enough to essentially last forever.

A)suspended
B)as light pulses
C)in 4D
D)in 5D

Question 64

A(n)____________________ is a small component usually made out of aluminum with fins that help to dissipate heat.

Question 65

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 8-1 Sam is putting together a presentation in which she explains how holographic storage works. According to Sam's presentation, the two beams intersect within the recording medium to store the hologram at that location by changing the optical ____ of the medium.

A)phase
B)direction
C)intensity
D)density

Question 66

A(n)____________________ projector typically connects to a smartphone or portable computer to enable the device to project an image onto a wall or other flat surface.

Question 67

An emerging military robotic application is the ____ suit, which is a wearable robotic system designed to give an individual additional physical capabilities and protection.

A)exohuman
B)exoskeleton
C)exophysical
D)exobody

Question 68

Telesurgery is typically ____ than normal surgery.

A)less invasive
B)more precise
C)both a and b
D)neither a nor b

Question 69

When using a(n)____ system, it is important to realize that its conclusions are based on the data and rules stored in its knowledge base, as well as the information provided by the users.

A)decision
B)knowledge
C)expert
D)analysis

Question 70

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 8-1 Sam is putting together a presentation in which she explains how holographic storage works. Sam explains that the signal beam passes through a device called a spatial light modulator (SLM), which translates the data's 0s and 1s into a hologram-a three-dimensional representation of data in the form of a ____ pattern of light and dark pixels.

A)striped
B)diagonal
C)checkerboard
D)plaid

Question 71

____ is involved with the development of robotic prosthetic arms that feel, look, and perform like natural arms, which will be used by military personnel who are injured in the line of duty.

A)NSF
B)DARPA
C)NASA
D)The W3C

Question 72

____________________ computing-the ability of a CPU to process at least one trillion floating-point operations per second (one teraflop)-will eventually be more common as consumer and business demand for online software, services, and media-rich experiences continues.

Question 73

Home monitoring systems designed for the home include ______________ .

A)home health monitoring systems
B)smart door locks
C)smart thermostats
D)all of the above

Question 74

One example of a neural network is a(n)____ system that uses cameras to inspect objects and make determinations-for example, the systems that check products for defects at manufacturing plants.

A)telemetry
B)vision
C)indexing
D)robotic

Question 75

Conventional flat panel displays based on LCD ( ____________________ crystal display)technology do not produce light and so they require backlighting.

Question 76

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 8-1 Sam is putting together a presentation in which she explains how holographic storage works. In her presentation, Sam explains that, to record data, holographic storage systems split the light from a blue laser beam into two beams, and that it is the ____ beam whose angle determines the address used to store data at that particular location on the storage medium.

A)signal
B)reference
C)inferred
D)acute

Question 77

Telesurgery is a form of robot-assisted surgery, in which a robot controlled by a physician operates on the patient, and which typically uses ____ to give the human surgeon an extremely close view of the surgical area.

A)cameras
B)microscopes
C)bright lights
D)magnifying glasses

Question 78

____________________ storage is a type of storage technology that uses multiple blue laser beams to store data in three dimensions.

Question 79

A(n)____ network, like the one used by the technology in the accompanying figure, is designed to emulate the brain's pattern-recognition process in order to recognize patterns in data and make more progressive leaps in associations and predictions than conventional computer systems.

A)neural
B)programming
C)code
D)inference

Question 80

Privacy-rights advocates worry that the ____ could someday be used by the government to track citizens.

A)VeriChip
B)telemetry mark
C)BCI
D)electronic medical monitoring device