Deck 5: Rome, From Republic to Empire

Question 1

Define the following terms: Carthage

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Define the following terms: Virgil

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Define the following terms: Hannibal

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Define the following terms: proletarii

Question 5

Define the following terms: tribune

Question 6

Define the following terms: legion

Question 7

Define the following terms: Appian Way

Question 8

Define the following terms: res publica

Question 9

Define the following terms: patricians

Question 10

Define the following terms: Latin

Question 11

Define the following terms: Senate

Question 12

Define the following terms: Polybius

Question 13

Define the following terms: Punic Wars

Question 14

Define the following terms: Vestal Virgins

Question 15

Define the following terms: Etruscans

Question 16

Define the following terms: patron and client

Question 17

Define the following terms: imperium

Question 18

Define the following terms: triumph

Question 19

Define the following terms: paterfamilias

Question 20

Define the following terms: plebeians

Question 21

Define the following terms: Pompey

Question 22

Define the following terms: populares

Question 23

Write a word portrait of the ideal man or woman of the Roman Republic. Include religious outlook and the most prized values and virtues.

Question 24

Define the following terms: Romulus

Question 25

Define the following terms: Cornelia

Question 26

Roman society was hierarchical. Explain two institutions that reflect this feature: the patron-client relationship and the division between patricians and plebeians. How did these institutions and practices contribute to Rome's success or challenges?

Question 27

Define the following terms: orders

Question 28

Define the following terms: Cicero

Question 29

Define the following terms: latifundia

Question 30

Define the following terms: optimates

Question 31

Define the following terms: Cato the Censor

Question 32

What were some ways in which Roman and Greek family life, including the status of women, differed?

Question 33

Define the following terms: Julius Caesar

Question 34

Present a written portrait of Rome's government using Polybius's model of a mixed constitution. Show how this analysis of the Roman Republic is, or is not, borne out by history.

Question 35

Summarize the what, when, and why of the Punic Wars. In what ways did they foreshadow the subsequent course of Roman history?

Question 36

Define the following terms: druids

Question 37

Define the following terms: the Gracchi

Question 38

Define the following terms: Triumvirate

Question 39

Summarize the development of the great Roman war machine. In what ways did it differ from the Greek hoplite system? Which was to prove the better army?

Question 40

Define the following terms: Spartacus

Question 41

Polybius argued that the Roman Republic

A) had a mixed constitution with executive, deliberative, and legislative branches.
B) was an oligarchy behind a democratic façade.
C) found its strength in a loose federation of diverse peoples.
D) would inevitably evolve into an imperial autocracy.
E) eventually added a judicial department.

Question 42

Which of the following Roman archaeological finds do not pertain to or describe Rome prior to the era of the Republic?

A) Stone highways
B) Remains of a Forum from this era
C) Fortifications on the Palatine
D) Underground caves supporting the evidence of Romulus and a she-wolf
E) Various grave sites and pottery

Question 43

Which of the following statements does not apply to the Etruscans?

A) They were a brilliant, wealthy, and warlike people whose language has yet to be translated.
B) They elected kings of early Rome.
C) Their elite women could attend nude male athletic contests.
D) Though neighbors, they exerted no influence on Rome.
E) They conquered early Rome.

Question 44

Compared with the phalanx, the Roman legion was

A) less suited to mountain terrain.
B) less easily maneuvered.
C) rarely successful.
D) more flexible and adaptable.
E) not adaptable to short-range fighting.

Question 45

Discuss the influence of Greek culture on the Late Republic. To what extent did "Greece conquer its conqueror"? How did the Romans maintain their own identity?

Question 46

The patron-client relationship was basic to Roman society and

A) required that patron and client treat each other with respect and fidelity.
B) meant that patrons would put their clients before their own in-laws.
C) was often extended to conquered countries.
D) was a form of the hierarchy system of Roman society.
E) All of these

Question 47

Referring to the feature, "The Visual Record: from Poseidonia to Paestrum," what evidence has been found that records the history of this city?

A) Records indicating trade with Phoenicia
B) Walls with Youths leaping over Bulls
C) Assyrian chariots
D) Many paintings showing an assimilation of both Greek and Etruscan styles
E) Hieroglyphic script on tomb walls

Question 48

Discuss the causes of the social unrest of the Late Republic and describe the attempts to deal with it, including the role of the dictators who came to power before Julius Caesar.

Question 49

Roman expansion in Italy was facilitated by

A) the extension of citizenship to annexed peoples.
B) generally benevolent treatment of Rome's allies.
C) the building of roads and the establishment of Roman colonies.
D) increased man power from defeated areas.
E) All of these

Question 50

Politically, Rome

A) began with a democratic system.
B) started with a republic before evolving into a monarchy.
C) began and always remained a republic.
D) evolved from monarchy to republic to empire.
E) evolved into a constitutional monarchy.

Question 51

Which of the following statements do not apply to Roman religion?

A) In its earliest form, it was animistic.
B) Religion aimed at "binding" the gods to human requests.
C) The Roman state religion grew out of household religion.
D) Early Roman religion showed strong Egyptian influences.
E) The position of priests was opened to plebeians in 300 B.C.

Question 52

Rome won the Punic Wars against its greatest rival in the western Mediterranean, which was

A) Carthage.
B) Rhodes.
C) Sicily.
D) Gaul.
E) Phoenicia.

Question 53

Roman society and culture may be described as

A) a military society similar to Sparta.
B) revolutionary and dynamic but closed to foreign influences.
C) anarchic but militaristic.
D) egalitarian but with elitist tendencies.
E) conservative, pragmatic, and open to foreign influences.

Question 54

Referring to the chapter feature, "The Written Record: Spartacus Slave Revolt," which of the following statements is not correct?

A) The revolt produced a number of important reforms.
B) The revolt attracted many free men to its cause.
C) Spartacus attracted many to his side because he divided the profits among his fighters.
D) The prisoners taken by the Romans were crucified and lined up along the road to Rome.
E) The revolt became a symbol of all those who were suppressed by the Romans.

Question 55

All of the following were characteristics of the Romans from origin to Republic to Empire, except they

A) showed great open-mindedness in borrowing from other societies.
B) did not share citizenship with non-Romans.
C) enslaved whole peoples.
D) destroyed whole cites with little provocation.
E) showed great generosity to defeated peoples.

Question 56

The Roman Republic

A) has had a strong influence on the Western civic tradition.
B) mixed popular power with government controlled by wealthy landowners.
C) had an expansionist momentum fueled by fear, ambition, and greed.
D) created much of the present day political terms and vocabulary.
E) All of these

Question 57

Julius Caesar was known as a great general as well as Roman leader. Summarize the career and achievements of Caesar. What reforms did he introduce and why was he murdered?

Question 58

The "conflict of the orders" was

A) the war that followed the overthrow of the king.
B) a prolonged struggle between the patricians and plebeians.
C) a revolt of Roman allies.
D) a serious slave rebellion.
E) an attempt by non land owning farmers to acquire political power.

Question 59

Women of the Republic were

A) always legally under a man's control but also had much more prestige and freedom than women in Classical Greece.
B) able to acquire their own personal name.
C) in control of society but only "behind the scenes."
D) treated essentially as slaves.
E) able to choose their own husbands.

Question 60

The Twelve Tables were important because

A) they were a victory for plebian rights and protection under the law.
B) they increased the power of the patricians.
C) they created a tax base that reduced the tax on patrician land.
D) any plebian who served in the military was given a small farm upon retirement.
E) they were based on heredity and not on wealth.

Question 61

One result of Marius's military reform proposals was

A) increased loyalty of the army to the senate.
B) the unpopularity of Marius with most soldiers.
C) the large-scale distribution of land to soldiers.
D) a shift in soldiers' loyalty from the senate to their commanders.
E) the creation of a permanent professional army composed mostly of defeated peoples.

Question 62

Roman annexation of Carthage, Macedon, and Greece led to

A) a dynamic expansion around the entire Mediterranean.
B) a significant Hellenization of Roman culture.
C) substantial economic growth and social dislocation.
D) the Roman Empire becoming a power on three continents.
E) All of these

Question 63

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. Referring to Maps 5.1 and 5.2, consider Roman expansion in Italy. Where did the Etruscans live? Where was the largest concentration of Greeks?

Question 64

The Western legal tradition has its roots in Rome. An important development in Roman law about the time of Cicero was

A) the interpretation of law by the pontiffs.
B) the adoption of the code of Draco.
C) the emergence of a class of professional legal experts.
D) the influence of the Hebrew Covenant.
E) trial by jury.

Question 65

Julius Caesar accomplished all of the following except

A) the introduction of the 365 \ -day calendar.
B) debt reduction and colonies for veterans and the poor.
C) abolition of the senate and the creation of the office of emperor.
D) significant expansion of Roman citizenship.
E) the extension of Roman colonies.

Question 66

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. On Map 5.3, locate Carthage and its empire. Where did the first Punic War begin? Where did the second one start?

Question 67

Caesar's account of the Gauls described

A) a division of the elite between druids (priests) and knights.
B) the practice of human sacrifice.
C) the servile status of ordinary people.
D) mostly battles and negotiations.
E) All of these

Question 68

The result of Caesar's assassination was

A) the restoration of the Republic.
B) more upheaval and civil war.
C) an era of peace and equilibrium.
D) the peaceful restoration of the monarchy.
E) the assumption of power by Mark Antony.

Question 69

The stability of the Late Republic was threatened by all of the following except

A) the impoverishment of the small farmer, who formed the backbone of the Roman army.
B) the growing unwillingness of the elite to subordinate their personal interests and ambitions to the good of society.
C) an other-worldliness spread by foreign religions.
D) the use of armies for domestic political purposes.
E) competition from armies of land-hungry peasants.

Question 70

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. Using Map 5.3, trace the expeditions of Julius Caesar mentioned in Chapter 5. What areas were added to the empire of Rome by the year of his death?

Question 71

The most enduring of Sulla's reforms was

A) his reform of the law courts.
B) his assumption of dictatorship.
C) the strengthening of the senate.
D) confiscation and distribution of land to soldiers.
E) placing a term limit on the senate while increasing it in the tribune.

Question 72

The main goal of the Gracchi, for which they were murdered, was to

A) redistribute land on behalf of the poor.
B) seize power and replace the Republic with a monarchy.
C) replace traditional religion with Greek philosophy.
D) maintain laws prohibiting conspicuous consumption.
E) set themselves up as super-patrons.

Question 73

All of the following can be associated with Spartacus's slave revolt except

A) general social discontent and repeated slave revolts.
B) a serious revolt of Roman allies and several major cities.
C) the defeat of nine Roman armies sent to suppress the revolt.
D) the crucifixion of 6,000 defeated rebels along the main road to Rome.
E) the elimination of the gladiators.

Question 74

Cicero's advocacy of human brotherhood

A) reflected his preference for Stoicism.
B) manifested itself in a sincere sympathy for the poor.
C) stressed natural law and the divine spark in each person.
D) emphasized the power of the majority.
E) both reflected his preference for Stoicism and stressed natural law and the divine spark in each person.