Deck 1: Native Peoples of America, to 1500

Question 1

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Paleo-Indians

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Poverty Point

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Aztec Empire

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Cahokia

Question 5

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Ice Age

Question 6

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Teotihuacán

Question 7

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Monte Verde

Question 8

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Kivas

Question 9

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Adena culture

Question 10

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Chiefdoms

Question 11

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Archaic peoples

Question 12

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Hohokam culture

Question 13

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Maya

Question 14

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Hunter-gatherers

Question 15

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Mississippian culture

Question 16

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Inca Empire

Question 17

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Anasazi

Question 18

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Mesoamerica

Question 19

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Eastern Woodlands

Question 20

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Hopewell culture

Question 21

What advances did the Maya make?

A) They developed a calendar.
B) They used a numerical system that included a zero.
C) They utilized a system of writing.
D) All of these choices
E) None of these choices

Question 22

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Norse

Question 23

Which of the following would not have been a responsibility of women in northeastern Native American tribes like the Iroquois?

A) Fishing
B) Selecting chiefs
C) Cultivating the land
D) Distributing food
E) Gathering wild vegetation

Question 24

Which statement concerning the people of the Archaic era is correct?

A) They made relatively sharp distinctions between men's and women's roles.
B) They made clear distinctions among themselves on the basis of class or rank.
C) They were wiped out by diseases introduced by Archaic peoples.
D) They generally tried to keep to themselves and had little to do with their neighbors.
E) All of these choices

Question 25

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Maize

Question 26

Which of the following is not one of the theories about how America was originally settled?

A) Siberian hunters crossed from Asia to North American during the last ice age.
B) Europeans sailed across the Atlantic in leather boats during the pre-Christian era.
C) Hunters from Asia dispersed themselves over much of North America.
D) Humans arrived by boat and followed the coast southward from Alaska.
E) Humans arrived in multiple migrations

Question 27

Where was Mesoamerica?

A) Eastern half of North America.
B) Central and Southern Mexico and Central America
C) Alaska and the Pacific Northwest
D) Western South America
E) Present-day Florida and Georgia

Question 28

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Kinship

Question 29

Which of the following generalizations about Native American cultures is true?

A) Almost all the societies were the same in terms of political and social structure, religious beliefs, and basic contributions.
B) No society had much in common with any other society.
C) Most Native American cultures were characterized by a kinship reciprocity and communal ownership of resources.
D) Because of their relationship to the environment, native Americans had evolved into careful conservationists.
E) Only native cultures in the Eastern Woodlands developed the bow and arrow and used ceramic pottery.

Question 30

Why did Anasazi Pueblo culture decline and fall?

A) A terrible drought severely reduced its agricultural production.
B) Intertribal warfare tore the tribe apart.
C) An earthquake used widespread devastation.
D) Europeans destroyed their settlements.
E) Smallpox ravaged its population.

Question 31

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Nuclear and extended families

Question 32

Which of the following is a feature of Anasazi Pueblo culture?

A) They built temporary villages.
B) They became the most powerful Indian people in the Northeast.
C) They traveled along poorly defined trails.
D) All of these choices
E) They built extensive complexes of attached apartments and storage rooms and partly underground structures.

Question 33

At the time of Columbus's arrival in the Western Hemisphere, where were the greatest concentrations of Native Americans?

A) In the Great Basin of North America
B) In Mexico and South America
C) In Canada and New England
D) In Peru and the Pacific Northwest
E) In the Caribbean islands

Question 34

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Reciprocity

Question 35

Which of the following examples provides evidence of the sophistication of Hopewell culture?

A) Cave drawings
B) Mounds containing enclosures
C) Canals and bridges
D) Birch-bark records
E) Oral traditions

Question 36

Which of the following was not a feature of the Archaic era?

A) the development of villages
B) expanded roles for men and women
C) the creation of vast empires
D) availability of a wide variety of flora and fauna
E) larger populations

Question 37

Which of the following was a feature of Paleo-Indian society?

A) They dwelled in bands of about fifteen to fifty people.
B) They moved constantly, within informally defined boundaries.
C) They made hunting tools out of jasper and flint.
D) They developed a cultural life that transcended their small bands.
E) All of these choices.

Question 38

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Buffalo

Question 39

What key development had to occur before substantial changes in southwestern life could occur?

A) The Ice Age had to end.
B) Elaborate canals had to be built.
C) The League of the Iroquois had to be defeated.
D) The Wooly Mammoth had to be eliminated.
E) A more drought-resistant strain of maize had to be introduced.

Question 40

According to archaeological findings, when did the first humans likely arrive in America?

A) 75,000 B.C.
B) 41,000 B.C.
C) 13,000 B.C.
D) 6,000 B.C.
E) 2,500 B.C.

Question 41

Which family pattern was most common among North American Indian tribes?

A) Nuclear family
B) Extended family
C) Patriarchical family
D) Matriarchical family
E) None of these choices

Question 42

Why was Cahokia significant?

A) Cahokia was the center of Mayan culture.
B) Cahokia was a large metropolis on the Mississippi River that built its economy on river-borne trade.
C) Cahokia was the largest city in the Maya empire and contains pyramids similar to those found in Egypt.
D) Cahokia was a mythical city where many Indians believed life in North America began.
E) Cahokia was a large city located in present-day Mexico that served as the main trading center for the entire area.

Question 43

How widespread was animal domestication in the New World before Christopher Columbus?

A) Most Native Americans had domesticated the dog and horse.
B) Domestication of animals was very limited.
C) Native Americans had not tried to domesticate animals.
D) Native Americans had domesticated more animals than Europeans.
E) None of these choices

Question 44

Describe the social structure that might have been found in a Native American tribe at the time of the first European contacts. What were the patterns of family structure, roles for men and women, property ownership, work, and religion?

Question 45

Compare and contrast the scientific theories for the peopling of the Americas with Indian traditions. What different theories explain the movement of peoples to the Americas? What do most Indian cultures believe? Why are there differences?

Question 46

What evidence does the historian use to write the history of North America before the arrival of Europeans? Evaluate the possible pitfalls or shortcomings of such evidence.

Question 47

What was the capital of the largest early state in Mesoamerica?

A) Monte Albán
B) Cancun
C) Teotihuacán
D) Chavín de Huántar
E) Adena

Question 48

Explore how agricultural production developed and changed within Indian societies. Where did it flourish and why? What advances were Indians able to make?

Question 49

Analyze the rise and existence of the Aztec empire. How did this empire begin? What governing system did it use? What type of economy did it develop? How successful was it? Explain.

Question 50

Which of the following was not one of the ways that Plains Indians used buffalos?

A) They butchered them for meat.
B) They used their hides for clothing, bedding, and housing.
C) They used their bones for tools.
D) They made arrowheads from buffalo horns.
E) They used them to haul wagons.

Question 51

What was Poverty Point?

A) It was an area in Central American that the Aztecs exploited for slaves and food.
B) It was the area in present day New Mexico and Arizona where various Indian tribes attempted to settle but always failed because of the lack of rain.
C) It was an Indian community on the lower Mississippi River that was the center of political and economic activity.
D) It was a holy place in Maya culture where people could go to show their complete devotion to God.
E) None of these choices

Question 52

"By A.D. 1500 the North American continent presented a remarkable variety of human cultures, societies, and historical experiences." Discuss that statement. Choose one early culture from each of the major regions of North America (the northern and western perimeters, the southwest, and the Eastern Woodlands). In what ways did those cultures differ? In what ways were they alike? Account for the differences and similarities.

Question 53

Which statement concerning warfare in most Native American societies is most accurate?

A) Warfare was conducted more as a pastime than as a way of conquering and subduing enemies.
B) Warfare was a constant and continuing part of life.
C) Warfare occurred infrequently, and when it did it was conducted in a gentle and polite manner.
D) Warfare was an indication of the strength and stability of the society.
E) All of these choices

Question 54

Which of the following is a way Native Americans engaged in "genetic engineering"?

A) They experimented with teosinte and produced maize.
B) They selectively bred cattle and produced the longhorn steer.
C) They crossed barley with rye and began harvesting wheat.
D) They killed only the oldest and weakest wild animals and allowed the strongest to procreate.
E) They built specialized fish ponds where they bred the most nutritious fish.

Question 55

Prior to European contacts, Native Americans were not exclusively nomadic, nor did they live exclusively in small villages. Many lived in major cities. Describe such cities, using Cahokia as an example.

Question 56

Compare and contrast the development and later decline of each of these major Native American cultures: Hohokam and Ancestral Pueblo; Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian.

Question 57

Choose three North American cultures flourishing before the arrival of Europeans, and discuss the major contributions and innovations of each.

Question 58

How did environmental change shape the transition from Paleo-Indian to Archaic ways of life?

Question 59

Which of the following statements accurately reflects one aspect of the principle of reciprocity?

A) A society had to maintain equilibrium and interdependence between individuals of unequal power and prestige.
B) Human beings had to change nature to suit their purposes.
C) All people of an area had to vote before decisions could be made.
D) All of these choices
E) None of these choices

Question 60

Which of the following is not true about Native American religious beliefs at the point of the initial European contacts?

A) They prayed to the spirits of the animals that they were about to kill for food.
B) They depended on medicine men and women to understand the unseen.
C) They believed that God had given humanity domination over nature.
D) The believed that all nature was alive, pulsating with a spiritual power.
E) They tried to conciliate the spiritual forces in the world.

Question 61

What significant values and practices did North American Indians share, despite their diversity?

Question 62

What were the principal differences among the Native American cultures that emerged after 2500 b.c.?