Deck 9: Social Cognition

Question 1

According to Freud, psychological symptoms arise from

A) parent's conditioning of the child.
B) unconscious or repressed memories.
C) sibling rivalry.
D) poor theory of mind.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In the graph shown below, the rising line represents a percent increase in which of the following?

A) autism
B) specific learning disabilities
C) teen pregnancy
D) criminal convictions of youth ages 14-18

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In order to foster theory of mind in your students, you could comments on others' mental states using which of the following words?

A) brilliant, smart, insightful
B) immature, mature, foolish, wise
C) think, pretend, understand, deceive
D) visualize, metacognition, reciprocal

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Adolescent Susie broke up with her boyfriend last night. She is upset and thinks that everyone who talks to her can tell that she is anxious and depressed. She is experiencing

A) the spotlight effect.
B) false belief ability.
C) internal-external beliefs.
D) the illusion of transparency.

Question 5

In order to foster ToM, parents could do which of the following with their preschoolers?

A) avoid joint attention because it overwhelms the child's perception of others' mental states
B) talk about what other people are thinking
C) practice doing intelligence test items
D) read picture books out loud

Question 6

Someone says, "Your momma is so stupid her brains on the edge of knife would look like BBs on a four lane highway." This style of humor is associated with which ethnic group?

A) Irish
B) Native American/American Indian
C) African American
D) Latino

Question 7

Which of the following is MOST common in children with autism?

A) exceptional memory
B) low intelligence
C) poor verbal ability
D) abnormal social cognition

Question 8

Three-year-old SorJuana moved Evan's book. She thinks that Evan will look for his book where she put it instead of where he left it. SorJuana is likely to have difficulty with what?

A) false belief tasks
B) appearance reality tasks
C) preoperational learning tasks
D) three mountain tasks

Question 9

Social cognition refers to which of the following?

A) a type of theory
B) thinking about societal norms and culture
C) egocentric thought
D) thinking applied to social situations

Question 10

How should you respond to students' humor?

A) stop student humor because it disrupts the class
B) respond positively as long as it is not insulting or disruptive
C) turn each humorous event into a learning event
D) use razzing to put down students who use humor

Question 11

The account of Ruby Bridges is framed in the text as an example of

A) theory of mind.
B) humor.
C) verbal ability.
D) moral behavior.

Question 12

If you compare development of theory of mind abilities across different countries, you tend to find that

A) countries vary somewhat in speed of development, but the sequence is the same.
B) speed of development and sequence are nearly identical across countries.
C) children in Hong Kong develop theory of mind much more slowly than in most other countries.
D) the sequence varies depending on level of industrialization of the country.

Question 13

Who described the id, ego, and superego?

A) Bandura
B) Freud
C) Gilligan
D) Kohlberg

Question 14

Five-year-old Sonny has begun to understand what other people might be thinking; for example, Sonny thinks that his mother will think that his fake rat is a real rat when she sees him pull it with a fishing line from under the rug. Sonny is developing

A) theory theory.
B) thinking about societal norms and culture.
C) theory of mind.
D) false belief thinking.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of moral judgment and moral behavior?

A) Children with better theory of mind are also capable of better lying
B) Preschoolers with good inhibitory control tend to give more reasons for dishonest behavior
C) Children who lack theory of mind tend to give more elaborated responses to moral judgment dilemmas
D) Parenting style is unrelated to moral judgement

Question 16

Theory of mind is important in schools because it influences students' ability to

A) understand verbal items on intelligence tests.
B) respond correctly to Piagetian conservation tasks.
C) understand their teachers and fellow students.
D) remember the names of fellow students.

Question 17

Humor referred to as "playin' the dozens" and "signifyin'" is associated with which ethnic group?

A) Irish
B) Native American/American Indian
C) African American
D) Latino

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of joint attention?

A) Sam and Dewan work on math problems using the same text book
B) Betty and her brother look out the windows of the car
C) Betty and her brother look at each other while playing whiffle ball
D) Sonya and her father look together at a fancy car across the street

Question 19

A picture and question, like the image shown below, helps assess whether children are capable of understanding which of the following?

A) theory of mind
B) false beliefs
C) gaze following and joint attention
D) the spotlight effect

Question 20

Piaget developed ideas about which of the following?

A) moral judgment and justice
B) moral behavior
C) prosocial reasoning
D) ethic of caring

Question 21

Definitions of social conventions are based on ______ while moral transgressions are based on _______.

A) cultural rules; the norm
B) cultural rules; what is wrong regardless of rules
C) what is wrong regardless of rules; the norm
D) justice; cultural rules

Question 22

Just community schools would tend to

A) influence students to adopt virtues like honesty, kindness, and politeness.
B) punish students based on fair penalties.
C) emphasize values that have been handed down through generations.
D) be democratic and encourage classroom discussion.

Question 23

Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory as a masculine perspective and claimed that women focus more than men on

A) justice.
B) care reasoning.
C) theory of mind.
D) philosophical reasoning.

Question 24

Kohlberg developed ideas about which of the following?

A) moral judgment and justice
B) moral behavior
C) prosocial reasoning
D) ethic of caring

Question 25

What is theory of mind?

Question 26

One of the major criticisms of Kohlberg's theory is that it

A) claims the higher stages are hierarchical.
B) contradicts Piaget's theory.
C) ignores learning through observation.
D) does not focus enough on justice.

Question 27

One of the major criticisms of Kohlberg's theory is that it

A) uses stages.
B) has stages that are too broad and vague to guide practice.
C) focuses on reasoning instead of behavior.
D) fails to explain how theory of mind influences social conventions.

Question 28

Which of the following tends to increase cheating?

A) teacher attempts to make cheating more difficult
B) student perceptions that a teacher is unfair
C) teacher emphasis on learning instead of students competing
D) severe consequences for cheating

Question 29

Kohlberg's first two stages of moral development emphasize

A) living up to what is expected of you.
B) punishment and obedience to authority.
C) values like life and liberty.
D) following self-chosen ethical principles.

Question 30

The text cites evidence that cheating

A) is increasing.
B) is decreasing.
C) stayed about the same for the past 30 years.
D) rose through the 1990s and has declined since 2000.

Question 31

Consider Heinz's dilemma. According to Kohlberg's model, levels of moral development depend upon

A) whether people say they would or would not steal the drug.
B) the reasons people give for why they would or would not steal the drug.
C) whether their reasoning aligns with their religious convictions.
D) the behaviors people manifest in their day-to-day life.

Question 32

Which of the following statements about preschoolers and lying is true?

A) Preschoolers don't lie but do understand what a lie is.
B) Preschoolers lie but they don't fully understand what a lie is.
C) Preschoolers lie and understand what a lie is.
D) Preschoolers don't lie and don't fully understand what a lie is.

Question 33

What is the relationship between moral behavior and moral judgment?

A) both are a result of a person's stage of reasoning
B) both are a result of intelligence
C) there is not a clear relationship between them
D) higher moral judgment causes increased moral behavior

Question 34

Besides making cheating difficult and having severe consequences for cheating, what are TWO things that teachers can do to reduce cheating?

Question 35

Name an ability that predicts individual differences in humor.