Deck 31: Medical Pharmacology

Question 1

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

As a person develops Parkinson's disease, the number of dopaminergic receptors in the brain is reduced.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Allergies to penicillin occur in about 25% of the U.S. population.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Anemia is a disease.

Question 5

The origins of bleeding disorders can be genetic, disease-induced, or iatrogenic.

Question 6

The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 7

Folate, which is produced by the bacteria from PABA, is converted into folic acid, an essential cofactor in amino acid synthesis.

Question 8

Tricyclic antidepressants decrease catecholamine activity in the heart while blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the peripheral capillary beds.

Question 9

All antineoplastic agents are also effective against cell division among normal healthy cells, particularly the rapidly dividing epithelial cells of the mucus lining in the intestine, the dermis of the skin, and the hair.

Question 10

Visceral pain is poorly localized and often is transmitted to other parts of the body via common nerve pathways.

Question 11

At the nadir of the chemotherapy's effectiveness, the patient's white blood cell count will be at its highest.

Question 12

Aspirin in very small doses can induce a rise in temperature.

Question 13

Treatment of a TCA overdose is aimed at reversing these negative cardiovascular effects and protecting the airway.

Question 14

Diabetes mellitus is a singular syndrome that has a different presentation from any other syndrome.

Question 15

The inside of the cerebellum contains white matter, myelinated fibers that connect with different sections of the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 16

Insulin is a negatively charged amino acid.

Question 17

Aristotle viewed the brain as just an elaborate cooling apparatus for the blood.

Question 18

The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates the civilian use of syrup of ipecac.

Question 19

Treatment of eclampsia has two objectives: stop the convulsion and preserve the life of the fetus.

Question 20

Roughly 20% of the world's population is at risk for malaria.

Question 21

The ____ is that amount of stimulus required to elicit a pain response.

A) stimulus threshold
B) pain threshold
C) reflex threshold
D) reaction index

Question 22

Fungal infections are called ____.

A) mycoses
B) bacterial
C) viral
D) protozoan

Question 23

The ____ is responsible for balance (equilibrium) and muscular coordination.

A) cerebellum
B) cortex
C) hippocampus
D) brain stem

Question 24

While a patient may appear unconscious, the last sense to be lost is the sense of ____.

A) hearing
B) smell
C) touch
D) taste

Question 25

____ is a disturbance in a patient's mood, not thought, and is characterized by feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, and despair.

A) Anxiety
B) Depression
C) Mania
D) Psychosis

Question 26

____ solutions slow the growth of pathogens.

A) Bacteriostatic
B) Homeostatic
C) Bactericidal
D) Neutral

Question 27

The ____ is responsible for a person's emotions, memories, and speech, as well as reasoning, judgment, and creativity.

A) cerebellum
B) cerebrum
C) hippocampus
D) brain stem

Question 28

Labor, the forceful contraction of the uterine smooth muscles, is induced by the hormone ____ which is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland.

A) cortisol
B) epinephrine
C) oxytocin
D) calcitonin

Question 29

The chemical messengers that stimulate the body's organs and help to maintain the body's internal environment (its milieu) are called ____.

A) hormones
B) neurotransmitters
C) steroids
D) receptors

Question 30

The ____ effect of opiates is thought to be the result of stimulation of the sigma receptors located in the limbic system.

A) narcotic
B) necrotic
C) analgesic
D) toxic

Question 31

The ____ is a complex network of interconnected reflexes that maintain wakefulness.

A) autonomic reflex system
B) reticular reflex system
C) reticular activating system
D) autonomic reticular system

Question 32

____ are the smallest pathogen.

A) Bacteria
B) Viruses
C) Prions
D) Protozoa

Question 33

____, by definition, is the lack of sensation, painful or otherwise.

A) Analgesia
B) Palliative
C) Sedative
D) Anesthesia

Question 34

Inappropriate responses to allergens can be classified jointly as ____.

A) suppressions
B) spasms
C) failures
D) hypersensitivities

Question 35

Use of ____ may bring the patient much needed relief and comfort from the common symptoms associated with chemotherapy.

A) analgesics
B) emetics
C) antiemetics
D) opiates

Question 36

____ is a condition where the patient does not feel pain, yet remains conscious.

A) Anesthesia
B) Sedated
C) Analgesia
D) Unconscious

Question 37

____ is the most common reason people call EMS.

A) Lack of consciousness
B) Lack of respiration
C) Bleeding
D) Pain

Question 38

____ solutions kill off pathogens.

A) Neutral
B) Bacteriostatic
C) Homeostatic
D) Bactericidal

Question 39

____ is an enzyme that metabolizes excess catecholamines, through a process of oxidation, into inactive metabolites that can be harmlessly excreted.

A) Monoamine oxidase
B) Oxytocin
C) Adrenaline
D) Epinephrine

Question 40

____ is a disequilibrium in walk that resembles a drunkard's stagger.

A) Dyskenesia
B) Athetosis
C) Ataxia
D) Dysdiadochokinesia

Question 41

____________________ medications help provide the patient with symptomatic relief from the frightening hallucinations and deranged thoughts caused by schizophrenia.

Question 42

____________________ are solutions and compounds which effectively remove pathogens from inanimate objects, such as work surfaces and assessment tools.

Question 43

____________________ were introduced in the 1960s and largely seen as a replacement for barbiturates.

Question 44

A(n) ____________________ occurs whenever any microorganism, such as a virus, bacteria, parasite, fungus, or worm (helminth), invades the body and overcomes the host's native defenses.

Question 45

Capillaries in the body have small gaps, called ____________________, that permit hormones, enzymes, and drugs to move into the interstitial space.

Question 46

____________________ is a fine tremble of the eye when holding a lateral gaze.

Question 47

____________________ chemically neutralize stomach acid and bring relief to those suffering from heartburn, hiatal hernia, and gastritis.

Question 48

____________________ involves recurrent seizures without known cause.

Question 49

____________________ measures are those treatments that are intended to alleviate the unpleasant symptoms of chemotherapy with antineoplastic agents.

Question 50

Drugs that eradicate cancer cells are called ____________________.