Deck 38: European Imperialism and Africa During the Age of Industry

Question 1

In French and British colonies, conquered African elites usually

A) committed suicide rather than surrender sovereignty.
B) withdrew as far as possible from contact with their oppressors.
C) attempted to become like their new masters.
D) endeavored to retain as much of their native culture as possible.
E) regrouped and led resistance movements against the colonizers.

Answer 1

attempted to become like their new masters.

Question 2

Portugal's main concern during the imperial period was

A) to prevent Germany and France from keeping the few colonies the Portuguese still possessed..
B) to maintain a friendship with Britain so its ships could use the Suez Canal.
C) the threat of being incorporated into Spain while other European countries were preoccupied with Africa.
D) trying to hold on to more land in Africa than Spain possessed.
E) maintaining their pace of industrialization at home.

Answer 2

to prevent Germany and France from keeping the few colonies the Portuguese still possessed..

Question 3

In what ways, and to what extent, were Africans able to react to the European onslaught that occurred between 1880 and 1914?

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

It could most accurately be stated of the European states during the colonial era in Africa that

A) Germany, France, and Italy all sought national glory and honor almost as much as they did colonies.
B) Germans wanted to outpace France, their traditional rivals.
C) Germany wanted to take back the areas of Alsace and Lorraine, which had remained in French hands after their last conflict.
D) France and Germany each managed to seize some decent areas, though most of the land they came to control was pretty much useless.
E) Only the British and the Germans managed to take over areas of Africa where they actually found large markets.

Question 5

One of the main reasons that industrialized countries sought colonies during the late 1800s was that they

A) wanted to depress the supply of goods so that they could raise prices at home.
B) felt the need to keep military forces in place farther away from the home countries.
C) were looking for new places to build the needed new factories, where labor would be cheaper.
D) needed new markets for all the products their factories were turning out in the midst of a depression.
E) were naturally competitive with each other, especially with the new economic doctrine of mercantilism.

Question 6

The "Scramble for Africa" was instigated by

A) the realization that the rest of the world had been colonized, and it was the only place left.
B) the imperialism of King Leopold II of Belgium.
C) Germany's entrance into the race for colonies after 1871.
D) the desire for cheap labor.
E) the desire of the United States to enter this imperial race because of a need for new markets.

Question 7

Which of these statements is most descriptive of the European nations in the 1880s?

A) Germany moved into second place behinds Britain in the colonizing of territories.
B) Many of the German people preferred that their government take care of its people at home rather than go off somewhere in search of "glory."
C) France had acquired its colonies in North Africa for economic reasons: Any nation, France believed, had to have colonies to resist being taken over by some other country.
D) The United States came under severe pressure from its industrialists to found colonies where they could sell their products, but Africa was carved up before they had a chance to join in.
E) The German government wanted to make up for the extra territory Britain gained by seizing Egypt.

Question 8

The main reason Europeans were interested in the Belgian Congo was a desire to

A) explore the Congo River.
B) maintain a trading center there.
C) extract slaves for the American trade.
D) extract gold.
E) take advantage of its natural resources.

Question 9

Who put the most pressure on Britain and Germany to find new markets during the late 1800s?

A) the United States
B) their parliaments
C) leading industrialists
D) the kings
E) the labor unions

Question 10

Explore the differences in methods used by the various European powers in their efforts to establish control of their respective colonies. What good, if any, came out of this imperialism?

Question 11

When Europeans began to use their colonies to produce crops for export ("cash crops"), the usual result was

A) not very favorable, as people back in Europe spurned foods grown in African soil.
B) an economic disaster, because native peoples would from that time on be subject to the world economy.
C) a rising standard of living for such colonies.
D) a period of stagnation, after which the British led the way of conquering Africa.
E) a brief period of prosperity, and then

Question 12

After European colonization, prestige in African villages shifted to

A) individuals from respected lineages.
B) those who accommodated the Europeans.
C) those who acquired wealth.
D) families which controlled land.
E) those owning large herds of cattle.

Question 13

What incited the Scramble for Africa? What were the immediate results for Africans? For Europeans?

Question 14

This question number was omitted in the printed copy of the test bank. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked "do not use on test" in ExamView's question information dialog.

A) not available
B) not available
C) not available
D) not available
E) all of the above

Question 15

Large African markets that the Europeans wanted for their excess industrial goods never emerged, because

A) Africans resented European intrusion in their lives.
B) most Africans had no use for modern products.
C) the Europeans only sent inferior goods to Africa.
D) the Africans never had adequate cash incomes to spend on consumer goods.
E) the costs of shipping goods to Africa proved to be too high.

Question 16

Describe European dealings with the area that eventually became the country of South Africa. How would the British and the Dutch justify their colonization attempts?

Question 17

The person who coined the phrase "white man's burden" was

A) a U.S. president.
B) a well-known writer.
C) a famous explorer.
D) an Anti-Slavery movement leader.
E) a prime minister.

Question 18

The Berlin Conference of 1884

A) divided up most of Africa among the colonial powers.
B) created a boundary system that has proved unalterable and is still in existence today.
C) launched Germany's military campaigns in Africa.
D) led to a treaty among Germany, France, and the Netherlands for the division of the Congo.
E) stated that since the Africans were heathens, the Europeans had a duty to Christianize them.

Question 19

Europeans did not achieve much control in sub-Saharan Africa until

A) the late 1800s.
B) about 1920.
C) the 1950s.
D) the early 1700s.
E) about 1850.

Question 20

The only two African countries to remain free from colonization were

A) Kenya and Somalia.
B) Ethiopia and Morocco.
C) Libya and Morocco.
D) Liberia and Ethiopia.
E) Kenya and Ethiopia.

Question 21

Despite their original intentions, few European countries ever

A) achieved total control over Africans.
B) managed to explore Africa's more remote regions.
C) found a way to make agriculture very profitable.
D) built up strong colonial markets for their products from home.
E) gained anything like a monopoly control over their particular colonies.

Question 22

In Algeria, the French subordinated the native ____________________ and ____________________

Question 23

During the era of the New Imperialism, Europe added almost ____________________ ____________________ square miles to its overseas colonial possessions.

Question 24

A collective hope of the European countries colonizing Africa was that their colonies would be

A) places to which they could re-settle their excess population.
B) sources of great wealth that would help them to balance their economies.
C) places from which they could obtain household servants, since most of theirs had taken jobs in the factories.
D) good sources from which they could obtain much needed mineral resources.
E) areas where they would at least break even by implementing cash cropping.

Question 25

What was the purpose of the British policy of Indirect Rule?

A) To force Africans to convert to Christianity
B) To assimilate Africans into European thought and culture in order to "civilize" them
C) To force African traditional rulers to send their children to school
D) To give African rulers powers they didn't hold under their traditional ways of ruling
E) To make use of traditional African rulers to assist in administering the colonies

Question 26

The idea that Europeans had the obligation to bring the benefits of civilization to Africans and Asians was expressed as the ____________________ ____________________ ____________________.

Question 27

Primary forms of resistance by the African peoples to European takeovers involved

A) gathering as many people as possible to fight.
B) fighting in small units that could move about quickly.
C) usually spontaneous attacks in response to a particular European action.
D) several different ethnic groups coming together to fight the Europeans.
E) resistance to forced labor more than any other kind of fighting.

Question 28

In West-Central Africa during the colonial period,

A) the main focus of Europeans was to exploit the region's mineral resources, including rubber and copper.
B) half the natives perished within twenty years due to the brutality of the Belgians.
C) most Europeans who tried to settle the region died of malaria.
D) both a and b
E) both a and c

Question 29

Which of these was not commonly a part of Africans' "secondary resistance" to the Europeans?

A) It usually involved thousands of people.
B) People from various ethnic groups banded together for the cause.
C) People came from wide regions to join in the fight.
D) Prophets of spirit-possessed cults blessed the people, promising them safety and protection.
E) Because of their unique means of communication, the fighters could be summoned quickly, catching their overlord off guard.

Question 30

The modernizing that took place in African culture during the colonial era can be attributed most to European ____________________.

Question 31

The only two African countries to maintain their independence throughout the colonial period were ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 32

In the system of ____________________ rule, the British relied on local assistants to help them govern.

Question 33

Wedged between their old ways of living and the way Europeans wanted them to live, Africans often found that they

A) must make a complete break with every aspect of the culture they had known in order to be accepted in the white man's society.
B) preferred the modern ways to the old but could not say that publicly for fear of ostracism.
C) no longer could have contentment no matter which path they chose.
D) wanted their children to succeed under the white man's rules but wanted no part of that life for themselves.
E) were all going to be treated the same way whether they cooperated or not.

Question 34

Which of these groups were, according to your text, probably most important for the "evolution of African culture"?

A) merchants
B) missionaries
C) administrators
D) both a and b
E) both b an c

Question 35

The main methods used by the French in controlling their colonies were ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 36

In the ____________________ ____________________, the Boers marched from the Cape to settle in the interior of southern Africa to avoid British control of the southern coastal area.

Question 37

The Berlin Conference allowed King ____________________ of ____________________ control of the Congo Basin.

Question 38

Regardless of official policies of their central governments, local European rulers

A) often made strong friendships among the locals.
B) discouraged missionaries in their work, feeling that the home countries had no real idea what went on in Africa.
C) visited with the people to try to improve relations so they would work harrier.
D) in some cases made a kind of peace with the Africans, but many did not.
E) preferred the colonies with the largest numbers of Europeans living within them.

Question 39

____________________ ____________________ was the most famous British capitalist and private empire builder in Africa.