Deck 10: Information Systems Analysis and Design

Question 1

Most information systems rely on computers and communications networks to store, process, and transmit information with far more efficiency than would be possible with manual systems.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Most new information systems require new hardware, which can either replace old equipment or be connected to existing equipment.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

An RFQ essentially asks a vendor to recommend hardware and software for a solution and describe the vendor's qualifications for implementing the solution.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A decision support system takes the place of a human decision maker.

Question 5

MRP is an ongoing iterative process that helps businesses rethink and radically redesign practices to improve performance.

Question 6

Traditionally, information systems have contributed most to solving unstructured problems, although tools have emerged to help people tackle semi-structured and structured problems as well.

Question 7

Feature creep is the failure to constrain change.

Question 8

In a JIT manufacturing system, the parts needed to construct a finished product are produced or arrive at the assembly site just when they are needed.

Question 9

A Systems Requirements Report describes the objectives for a new information system.

Question 10

A modified waterfall SDLC allows overlap between SDLC phases.

Question 11

A DSS can be used to tackle diverse problems because it contains a good selection of decision support tools.

Question 12

One of the major functions of an information system is to help people make decisions in response to problems.

Question 13

Workers typically collect the data for information systems.

Question 14

Information systems provide some or all of the data needed for strategic, tactical, and operational planning.

Question 15

Unit testing and integration testing are usually performed in a test area.

Question 16

A semi-structured problem is more routine than a structured problem.

Question 17

A neural network is a software tool containing an inference engine and a user interface that developers use to enter facts and rules for the knowledge base.

Question 18

The process of designing, entering, and testing the rules in an expert system is referred to as expert engineering.

Question 19

JIT (Just In Time) typically reduces costs by eliminating substantial warehousing costs and obsolete parts.

Question 20

BPR calculates and maintains an optimum manufacturing plan based on master production schedules, sales forecasts, inventory status, open orders, and bills of material.

Question 21

Batch processing, an interactive method in which each transaction is processed as it is entered, is the most modern transaction processing system.

Question 22

Despite new tools and the data they provide, many semi-structured and structured problems continue to be resolved based on "guesstimates."

Question 23

The cutover phase of the SDLC involves day-to-day operation of the system, making modifications to improve performance, and correcting problems.

Question 24

Planning management software helps managers track and visualize the complex interactions between tasks.

Question 25

The emphasis on long-range and future goals is referred to as tactical planning.

Question 26

After unit and integration testing are completed, system testing ensures that all hardware and software components work together correctly.

Question 27

In a DFD, an arrow symbolizes a data store .

Question 28

Some information systems store or provide access to subjective information generated by sources outside the organization.

Question 29

The maintenance phase of the SDLC is the least expensive part of the cycle.

Question 30

Nonprofit organizations are formed to accomplish social, political, or charitable goals that do not include amassing profit.

Question 31

A(n) expert system is a computer system designed to analyze data and produce a recommendation, diagnosis, or decision based on a set of facts and rules.

Question 32

If an expert system is using Boolean logic, it will let you respond to a question with an answer that includes a confidence level.

Question 33

OLTP uses a commit or rollback strategy to ensure that each transaction is processed correctly.

Question 34

Application specifications describe the way the information system's software should interact with users, store data, process data, and format reports.

Question 35

The figure above characterizes a(n) MIS (management information system) .

Question 36

In the design phase of the SDLC, the project team must figure out WHY the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report.

Question 37

A parallel conversion avoids some of the risk of direct conversion because the old system remains in service while some or all of the new system is activated.

Question 38

The iterative SDLC allows overlap between the phases.

Question 39

Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required.

Question 40

A(n) DSS (Decision Support System) refers to a type of information system that uses the data collected by a transaction processing system, and manipulates that data to create reports that managers can use to make routine business decisions in response to structured problems.

Question 41

A system like the one in the figure above is characterized by its ability to ____.

A) list transactions
B) produce routine reports
C) replicate the reasoning of a human expert
D) provide information for structured, routine decisions

Question 42

A decision ____ is a question or set of instructions describing data that must be gathered to make a decision.

A) model
B) query
C) scale
D) request

Question 43

Every organization has a goal or plan that is often referred to as its ____.

A) Web site
B) mission
C) master document
D) organizing principle

Question 44

A decision ____ is a numerical representation of a realistic situation, such as a cash-flow model of a business that shows how income adds to cash accounts and expenses deplete those accounts.

A) master
B) matrix
C) model
D) index

Question 45

Early transaction processing systems, such as banking and payroll applications of the 1970s, used ____ processing.

A) batch
B) online
C) OLTP
D) rollback

Question 46

A(n) ____ report combines, groups, or totals data.

A) exception
B) aggregate
C) ad hoc
D) summary

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT included in a Project Development Plan?

A) Description of project scope
B) Justification for the project
C) Performance reviews of all project team participants
D) Schedule for the project

Question 48

A DSS typically includes modeling tools, such as ____, so managers can create a numerical representation of a situation and explore "what-if" alternatives.

A) spreadsheets
B) databases
C) expert systems
D) Web pages

Question 49

____ is based on the idea that the best information systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together as equal partners.

A) MRP
B) EID
C) RFP
D) JAD

Question 50

____ uses a commit or rollback strategy to ensure that each transaction is processed correctly.

A) TQM
B) ERP
C) OLTP
D) JIT

Question 51

Ad hoc reports are sometimes referred to as ____ reports.

A) summary
B) exception
C) scheduled
D) demand

Question 52

A(n) ____ is a group of people working together to accomplish a goal.

A) business
B) mission
C) organization
D) aggregate

Question 53

____ are the people who carry out the organization's mission.

A) Managers
B) CEOs
C) Workers
D) Associates

Question 54

An organizational ____ depicts the hierarchy of employees in a typical organization.

A) statement
B) strategy
C) roster
D) chart

Question 55

A knowledge base is stored in a computer file and can be manipulated by software called a(n) ____ engine.

A) inference
B) difference
C) reference
D) expert

Question 56

The facts and rules for an expert system are typically derived by interviewing one or more experts, and then incorporated into a(n) ____ base.

A) master
B) knowledge
C) expert
D) indexed

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a systems analyst?

A) Analyzing information requirements
B) Supervising the implementation of requirements
C) Creating a development methodology
D) Creating specifications for application software

Question 58

A(n) ____ helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data, analyzing data from external sources, generating statistical projections, and creating data models of various scenarios.

A) DSS
B) EIS
C) TPS
D) MIS

Question 59

Setting incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less is a process called ____ planning.

A) tactical
B) strategic
C) operational
D) futuristic

Question 60

A(n) ____ report contains information that is outside normal or acceptable ranges.

A) additional
B) exception
C) ad hoc
D) detailed

Question 61

A project team usually issues a(n) ____ to vendors when the members believe that a vendor has more knowledge and experience in the solution area.

A) RFP
B) RFQ
C) RFD
D) RFT

Question 62

A ____ chart uses bars to show the timing of development tasks as they occur over time.

A) progress
B) Gantt
C) WBS
D) PERT

Question 63

A project team submits an RFQ to vendors when it knows all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A) make of the equipment needed
B) model of the equipment needed
C) titles of the software packages needed
D) price of the software needed

Question 64

In the ____ phase of the SDLC, the project team must figure out how the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report.

A) design
B) planning
C) analysis
D) implementation

Question 65

A(n) ____ is a request for a formal price quotation on a list of hardware and software.

A) RFP
B) BDG
C) RFQ
D) SDLC

Question 66

In ____ processing, processing tasks are shared by servers and workstations.

A) automated
B) computerized
C) amortized
D) distributed

Question 67

Which of the following is true of turnkey systems?

A) They require maximum effort to select and set up equipment and software.
B) They require time and expertise to evaluate.
C) They require more time than programming languages.
D) They can be exactly tailored to meet system requirements.

Question 68

The figure above shows an excerpt from a project team s application ____.

A) mapping
B) specification
C) index
D) glossary

Question 69

A ____ breaks a complex task into a series of subtasks.

A) WBS
B) PERT diagram
C) legend
D) Gantt chart

Question 70

A(n) ____ is a filing cabinet, disk, or tape that holds data, in a DFD.

A) data store
B) data flow
C) process
D) external entity

Question 71

Which of the following is true about using a programming language as an alternative to buying software?

A) This option does not require development time and expertise.
B) Software features might not exactly match business needs.
C) This option can be used to make a solution tailored to system requirements.
D) This might limit developers on the way they implement some system features.

Question 72

____ charts are arranged to show which tasks must be completed before subsequent dependent tasks can begin.

A) PERT
B) WBS
C) Gantt
D) Beta

Question 73

A ____ processing model is one in which data is processed on a centrally located computer.

A) fundamental
B) super
C) main
D) centralized

Question 74

____ is a method for analyzing the time needed to complete each project task.

A) Gantt
B) WBS
C) Pert
D) MRP

Question 75

Expert systems can be created with a computer programing language or an expert system ____.

A) index
B) shell
C) matrix
D) roster

Question 76

A ____ team is assigned to analyze and development an information system.

A) JAD
B) project
C) mission
D) beta

Question 77

In a JAD ____, users and analysts jointly identify problems and look for solutions.

A) session
B) turnkey
C) mission
D) department

Question 78

In the PIECES framework, a ____ problem means that an information system does not respond quickly enough to users, or takes too long to complete processing tasks.

A) response
B) processing
C) control
D) performance

Question 79

____ software for an information system is usually a series of pre-programmed software modules, supplied by a software developer, consulting company, or value added reseller.

A) Industrial
B) Commercial
C) Mercantile
D) Trade

Question 80

The goal of the ____ phase of the SDLC is to produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system.

A) planning
B) analysis
C) design
D) implementation