Deck 3: HESI-A2-Vocabulary

Question 1

What is the best description for the word etiology?

A)The identification of an injury or disease
B)The processes and effects of a disease
C)The anticipated or expected course or outcome
D)The origin or cause of a disease or condition

Answer 1

 The origin or cause of a disease or condition
Etiology refers to the origin or cause of a disease or condition.
The etiology of the patient's rabies infection was a bite from a dog.
Pathology refers to the processes and effects of a disease. The difference between pathology and etiology is that etiology just refers to the factors that caused the disease. Pathology refers to the changes in normal physiology (symptoms) that occur as a result of the disease.
The cancer's pathology is to take over healthy cells and grow cancerous tumors.
Prognosis is the anticipated or expected outcome for a patient.
The doctor's prognosis was that the patient would feel better after 48 hours of antibiotics and fluid intake. 
Diagnosis is the identification of an injury or disease.
The doctor's diagnosis of my cough is bronchitis.

Question 2

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient was emotionally labile, showing exaggerated changes in mood from one moment to the next.

A)angry
B)feverish
C)stable
D)volatile

Answer 2

 volatile
Labile means "volatile or unstable." Someone who is emotionally labile will have drastic changes in mood from one moment to the next.
The stock market has been labile as of late, going up and down drastically.
Angry is incorrect because someone who is emotionally labile may be angry sometimes, but their emotions change dramatically.
Feverish is a trap answer because it is the definition of a similar-sounding HESI vocab word, febrile.
Stable would be the opposite of volatile.

Question 3

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient was preparing to undergo invasive surgery.

A)Rapid
B)Entering a body part
C)Occurring in the near future
D)Controlled

Answer 3

Entering a body part
Invasive means "entering into a body part." In this context, the patient was preparing to undergo an operation requiring the surgeons to enter his/her body.

Question 4

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The nurse initiated the new diet regiment for the patient.

A)planned
B)started
C)analyzed
D)cancelled

Question 5

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Manifestations of the infection include fever and gastrointestinal inflammation.

A)liver
B)kidney
C)muscle
D)stomach

Question 6

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Nurses are required to wear impervious gloves when handling bodily fluids to prevent transmission of infection.

A)Sanitary
B)Recyclable
C)Impenetrable
D)Insoluble

Question 7

What is another word for "empty"?

A)ethereal
B)restricted
C)void
D)raucous

Question 8

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient appeared flushed.

A)pale
B)pigmented
C)ruddy
D)exhausted

Question 9

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Identical twins come from a single fertilized zygote that splits into two separate individuals.

A)an unborn offspring of a vertebrate animal that is still in the uterus or egg
B)an animal in the earliest stages of its development in the uterus or the egg
C)the cell that forms by the union of an egg cell and a sperm cell
D)an extremely young child or animal

Question 10

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Being aware all of a patient's preexisting conditions is a vital part of arriving at a proper diagnosis.

A)true
B)essential
C)initial
D)advanced

Question 11

What is the best description of the word "transient"?

A)something temporary
B)something that lasts for a long time
C)a verb that takes a direct object
D)public transportation

Question 12

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The human body exhibits bilateral symmetry.

A)Functionality
B)Equal on all sides
C)Affecting two sides
D)Having two legs

Question 13

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The RN administered a transdermal medication to the young patient.

A)Injected directly into the muscle
B)Applied directly to the skin to be absorbed
C)Injected below the epidermis and dermis layers into the subcutaneous tissue.
D)Oral

Question 14

What is another word for "hold or keep?"

A)retain
B)restrict
C)suppress
D)adhere

Question 15

What Latin abbreviation means "four times a day"?

A)QD
B)QID
C)TID
D)BID

Question 16

What is another word for "open?"

A)patent
B)occluded
C)distal
D)lateral

Question 17

What is the best description for the word "lateral"?

A)adjoining or accompanying
B)on the side
C)present on two sides
D)three-sided

Question 18

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
A woman who lived until she was 114 years old said the secret to her longevity was "not getting married".

A)physical and mental wellness
B)being new and exciting
C)having a long life
D)living through an event or events

Question 19

Select the word that means "so gradual as to not become clearly visible for a long time".
Eventually, the physical manifestations of the disease became apparent, but the insidious, virulent illness did not present physical symptoms for an extended period of time.

A)apparent
B)insidious
C)manifestations
D)virulent

Question 20

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient complained of multiple symptoms including feeling lethargic.

A)stomach cramps
B)leg pain
C)dizzy
D)extremely tired

Question 21

What is the best description for the word "inconsequential"?

A)without importance
B)supernatural
C)lacking strength
D)not harmful

Question 22

What is the best description for the word "vascular"?

A)related to the vesicle
B)related to the heart
C)related to lungs
D)related to vessels or ducts

Question 23

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The nurse reminded the patient that his medicine was incompatible with alcohol intake.

A)appropriate or acceptable in a particular situation
B)unable to work or be together
C)to suggest someone or something as a good match
D)something that repels or is annoying

Question 24

What is the best description for the word symptom?

A)An indication of a problem
B)Extremely harmful and severe
C)Reddened, swollen, sore
D)Identification of an injury or disease

Question 25

What is the best description for the word "innocuous"?

A)beneficial
B)not harmful
C)unhealthy
D)hazardous

Question 26

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
A hematologic disorder was responsible for the man's fatigue.

A)nerves
B)kidney
C)liver
D)blood

Question 27

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient reports halitosis and stomachache.

A)flatulence
B)nausea
C)bad breath
D)hunger

Question 28

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The driver, heedless of the school zone signage, failed to decelerate to 25mph.

A)speeding
B)paying attention to
C)careless
D)angry

Question 29

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
One common symptom of mononucleosis is fatigue.

A)Sore throat
B)Exhaustion
C)Insomnia
D)Vomiting

Question 30

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The hospital doesn′t discriminate on people based on their race, gender, religion, or social class.

A)the direction of a person's sexual interest
B)being part of a nation whether by birth or naturalization
C)the classification of people as male or female
D)the socially constructed roles and behaviors that a society typically associates with males and females

Question 31

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The hospital is expanding its night staff on weekends.

A)training
B)decreasing
C)hiring
D)increasing

Question 32

Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct.
Some diseases we thought had been _________ are affecting the population again because more people are refusing to get vaccinated.

A)eradicated
B)constituted
C)complied
D)restricted

Question 33

What is the best description for the word "digress"?

A)to concentrate on something in particular
B)to think about something to an extreme extent
C)to have a different opinion
D)to go off-topic when speaking or writing

Question 34

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The diameter of the needle was too big and the inexperienced nurse harmed the patient′s arm.

A)the length of a straight line through the center of a circle
B)the end of a sharp tool
C)a line from the center to the outside of a circle or sphere
D)the outer face or side of something

Question 35

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
To make sure the invasive gastrointestinal surgery went well, the medical staff waited for the patient to defecate normally before discharging him from the hospital.

A)drink clear fluids
B)expel feces
C)swallow
D)eat solid foods

Question 36

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The stage of decomposition of the finger was too advanced as to attach it back to the patien′t hand.

A)growth
B)improvement
C)disintegration
D)development

Question 37

What is another word for "constitute"?

A)neglect
B)refuse
C)exclude
D)compose

Question 38

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
In extreme cold, the blood vessels of the skin will constrict.

A)expand
B)deteriorate
C)shut down
D)shrink

Question 39

Which word can be defined as "reducing or offsetting the unwelcome effects of something"?

A)sterile
B)compensatory
C)sustainable
D)aseptic

Question 40

Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct.
The patient begged for ___________ but of course, the nurse wouldn′t give him a cigarette, no matter how much he wanted it.

A)indifference
B)compassion
C)altruism
D)selfishness

Question 41

What is another word for "cease"?

A)extension
B)start
C)persistence
D)stop

Question 42

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The nutritionist instructed the patient to abstain from eating processed foods.

A)refrain
B)diet
C)continue
D)limit

Question 43

Which word is not spelled correctly in the context of the sentence?
The hospital's protocol forbids members not in a currently administered patient's immediate family from accesing the Intensive Care Unit.

A)protocol
B)administered
C)accesing
D)immediate

Question 44

What is the best description for the word antidote?

A)An undesired side effect
B)A short story or account of an event
C)A cure or remedy
D)A sum total of many things

Question 45

Which word is not spelled correctly in the context of the sentence?
The patient presents callus skin on his fingers and palms, probably because he′s a manual worker.

A)manual
B)callus
C)palms
D)probably

Question 46

Select the correct order of words to fit in the sentence structure.
Each nursing _____ at the hospital is trained in first-_____.

A)aid, aid
B)aide, aide
C)aide, aid
D)aid, aide

Question 47

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
She was an assiduous nursing student, taking meticulous notes and studying every night.

A)terse
B)cursory
C)tactful
D)diligent

Question 48

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Internal bleeding was the cause of death.

A)Uncontrollable
B)Serious
C)Outside the body
D)Inside the body

Question 49

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
An aneurysm is a common example of a neurovascular disorder.

A)cranial
B)nervous system & blood vessels
C)muscle & skeleton
D)stomach & intestines

Question 50

Select the meaning for the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient presented multiple fractures in his ribs and arms.

A)a break, usually in a bone
B)deep cut
C)injured area that becomes discolored
D)a part of the body that has been damaged due to injury or disease

Question 51

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The laceration wasn′t severe and the nurse cleaned and stitched it within minutes.

A)rapid loss of blood
B)superficial wound
C)cut; tear
D)a purplish mark on the skin

Question 52

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The nurse checked the patient's gauze to make sure that it was intact.

A)latent
B)whole
C)dry
D)tight

Question 53

Select the word that means "contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms".
The pathology report indicated that infection was the cause of the patient's labile symptoms.

A)symptoms
B)labile
C)infection
D)pathology

Question 54

What is another word for "maintenance of body fluid balance?"

A)equilibrium
B)etiology
C)aegis
D)hydration

Question 55

What is the best description for the word exacerbate?

A)To make better
B)To make worse
C)To increase in size
D)To come to an end

Question 56

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The study conducted last summer wasn′t able to accept or refute the hypothesis.

A)connection or interdependence between two or more things
B)an educated guess or theory
C)something that gives proof or leads to a conclusion
D)the underlying reason why something happened

Question 57

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient decided to forgo the invasive procedure.

A)decline
B)accept
C)research
D)delay

Question 58

What is another word for "verbal?"

A)otic
B)renal
C)oral
D)audible

Question 59

What is another word for extremely happy?

A)tranquil
B)pensive
C)euphoric
D)tedious

Question 60

What is the best description of the word ethereal?

A)quick to recover
B)related to the kidneys
C)that lasts for a short period of time
D)ghostly or eerie

Question 61

What is the best description for the word "transmission"?

A)transfer, such as of a disease, from one person to another
B)a rapid increase in number
C)to take in addition to or to complete
D)maintenance of body fluids balance

Question 62

Select the word that fits best in the sentence.
The nurses and doctors are exhausted because of the high patient _______, the hospital should think about hiring more people.

A)income
B)density
C)volume
D)length

Question 63

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The woman thanked the nurse for putting up with her daughter′s volatile moods.

A)irritable or grouchy
B)changing rapidly
C)bold and assertive
D)lively and fun

Question 64

Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct.
After finding the patient had recurrent ear aches, celiac disease, and scoliosis, the doctor diagnosed the patient with Turner ___________.

A)Infection
B)Symptom
C)Syndrome
D)Impairment

Question 65

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
Her respiration had become slow in the last years and she needed supplemental oxygen.

A)breathing
B)sweating
C)chemical reaction
D)absorbing food

Question 66

What word meaning "to look at something very closely" fits best in the sentence?
The doctor _________ the radiograph and concluded the bone had broken in three parts.

A)glanced
B)glimpsed
C)scrutinized
D)overheard

Question 67

What word meaning "easily affected" fits best in the sentence?
Miners are _______ to silicosis, an occupational lung disease.

A)carriers
B)immune
C)aware
D)susceptible

Question 68

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The nurse explained they were taking the patient to a restricted area and the family could wait for him in the room.

A)to stop or subdue
B)to reduce in size
C)to keep something within certain limits
D)to establish, create

Question 69

What word meaning "strict isolation" fits best in the sentence?
The patient was placed in ________ to avoid spreading the virus.

A)tertiary health care
B)site
C)proliferation
D)quarantine

Question 70

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
A deficit of nurses and the proliferation of opiate addiction has led to some hospitals being inadequately staffed.

A)problem
B)increase
C)decrease
D)flexion

Question 71

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient's family was hoping for an optimistic prognosis from the doctor.

A)prescription
B)identification of a disease
C)etiology
D)estimate

Question 72

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The potent mixture of medications immediately alleviated the patient's pain.

A)precise
B)diluted
C)strong
D)liquid

Question 73

Posterior refers to which part of the body?

A)Front
B)Back
C)Lowermost
D)Topmost

Question 74

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The pigmentation of the patient's skin was slightly altered as a side effect of the medication.

A)tightness
B)color
C)spots
D)softness

Question 75

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The illness, when left untreated, can be fatal.

A)deadly
B)controlled
C)virulent
D)transmissible

Question 76

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The disease was caused by external conditions.

A)inside the body
B)exiting the body
C)entering the body
D)outside the body

Question 77

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The trainer asked if the athlete could make a full extension of her arm without experiencing pain.

A)unbending
B)flexing
C)bending
D)twisting

Question 78

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The consistency of the patient's expectoration was concerning to the medical staff.

A)disposition
B)spit
C)presumption
D)defecation

Question 79

Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence.
The patient temporarily lost their equilibrium as a side effect of the otic surgery.

A)eligibility
B)energy
C)hearing
D)balance

Question 80

Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct.
The nurse _______ the potent medication with 10mL of water.

A)Dilated
B)Diluted
C)Distributed
D)Suppressed