Deck 3: North America in the Atlantic World, 1650-1720

Question 1

Which of the following was a feature of the Duke's Laws?

A) Dutch residents were allowed to keep their long-standing legal practices even though New Netherland was under English rule.
B) They made the Church of England the established church in New Netherland.
C) They provided a representative assembly for New Netherland's inhabitants.
D) They voided land titles issued by the Dutch.

Answer 1

Dutch residents were allowed to keep their long-standing legal practices even though New Netherland was under English rule.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of Bacon's Rebellion?

A) The rebellion was an attempt by Nathaniel Bacon and his followers to force the Virginia government to compensate the Susquehannocks for lost tribal lands.
B) The rebellion was a clash of personalities between Nathaniel Bacon and Governor William Berkeley.
C) The rebellion involved land-hungry whites who alternately attacked Indians and battled with established authorities in Virginia.
D) The rebellion allowed the Piedmont planters to permanently gain control over the colonial government of Virginia.

Answer 2

The rebellion involved land-hungry whites who alternately attacked Indians and battled with established authorities in Virginia.

Question 3

Which of the following is a Quaker belief?

A) A person can best know God by attending church regularly.
B) Certain selected people have been chosen by God to be saved.
C) People may not communicate directly with God but must go through a priest.
D) Anyone, male or female, may preach the word of God.

Answer 3

Anyone, male or female, may preach the word of God.

Question 4

Which of the following was a consequence of King Philip's War?

A) Not only were abandoned interior New England towns quickly rebuilt, but they expanded considerably.
B) Many of the Native American followers of King Philip were captured and sold into slavery.
C) New Englanders experienced unprecedented economic prosperity in the years immediately after the war.
D) The Wampanoags prevented New England settlers from encroaching on their ancestral lands.

Question 5

William Penn's policies in Pennsylvania ________.

A) made the colony unattractive to non-Quakers
B) led to the influx of settlers who were enlightened and tolerant in their views
C) meant that Pennsylvania had the highest percentage of slaves outside the South
D) made the area attractive to Indians encountering difficulties with whites elsewhere

Question 6

What limited New York's economic growth under early British rule?

A) Low birth rates slowed economic progress.
B) Dutch merchants refused to pay British taxes.
C) It was not a good port.
D) The Duke of York's decision to reward his friends at the expense of other colonists.

Question 7

Which of the following was a consequence of New England's population growth in the late seventeenth century?

A) The death rate among children increased substantially as population outstripped the food supply.
B) A significant number of New Englanders moved back to England.
C) Overcrowded conditions increased the incidence of epidemic diseases.
D) The scarcity of land caused some New Englanders to abandon agriculture and learn new skills so that they could support themselves in the developing towns.

Question 8

Why did contact with the Europeans intensify the Iroquois' need to wage war?

A) The Iroquois needed to increase the power of their Confederacy in order to combat the powerful Europeans.
B) The Iroquois had to prevent neighboring tribes from allying with the Europeans.
C) European expansion constantly pushed the Iroquois from old tribal lands into new unconsecrated territories.
D) As European diseases increased the death rate within the Iroquois Confederacy, their need to replenish their population with captives increased.

Question 9

Why did Puritan migrations from England to the New World largely stop after 1642?

A) The Puritans lost much of their incentive to leave England during the English Civil War and Commonwealth periods.
B) King Charles I prohibited further Puritan migrations to America.
C) The hardships reported by the Puritans in America deterred those in England from leaving for America.
D) Almost all of the Puritans in England had already departed.

Question 10

Who was the leader of the Pueblo Revolt against the Spanish in 1680?

A) Presidio
B) Comanches
C) Pope
D) Pablo Pueblo

Question 11

All of the colonies founded during the reign of Charles II were

A) founded by colonists who left or were banished from the Puritan colonies of New England.
B) given as rewards to men who had supported Charles II during the English Civil War.
C) established as military fortifications built to defend against Indian raids.
D) seized from the Dutch by military force.

Question 12

Which of the following was a series of conflicts over trade in the 1640s between the Huron and other Native peoples and the Iroquois?

A) The Huron Wars
B) The Bear Wards
C) The Turkey Wards
D) The Beaver Wars

Question 13

Which of the following led directly to King Philip's War?

A) Land-hungry white settlers waged attacks against New England Indian tribes.
B) The Wampanoags were concerned that their ancestral lands were being surrounded by white settlements.
C) The Nipmucs attempted to gain total control over the fur trade with the Europeans.
D) The British violated a trade treaty with the Wampanoags.

Question 14

Which of the following was a reason for the eventual division of Carolina into two separate colonies?

A) The network of rivers that crossed Carolina from east to west created a geographical division that led to the division of Carolina into two separate colonies.
B) It developed two distinct population centers, which then divided into separate colonies under royal rule.
C) Disagreement between the colony's two proprietors led to an agreement between them to divide Carolina into two separate colonies.
D) The constitution that John Locke drafted at the request of Carolina's proprietors mandated that Carolina be divided into North Carolina and South Carolina.

Question 15

What happened in the aftermath of Bacon's Rebellion?

A) Most Virginia landowners freed their indentured servants.
B) The Doegs and the Susquehannocks were forcibly removed from the Virginia Tidewater.
C) Nathaniel Bacon was elected governor of Virginia.
D) Territory previously reserved for the Indians was opened to white settlement.

Question 16

How did the development of the Albemarle region of the Carolina colony differ from the development of the region to the south?

A) Slavery was more important to the economic development of the Albemarle region than to the economic development of the southern region.
B) African influences were greater in the Albemarle region because it had a higher proportion of African-born blacks than did the southern region.
C) A Virginia-like society was established in the Albemarle region; Barbadian influence was more important in the southern region.
D) The main export crop in the Albemarle region was grain, whereas cotton was the main export crop in the southern region.

Question 17

In Pennsylvania, William Penn

A) encouraged the use of African slaves to make the colony profitable.
B) wanted to provide an environment in which criminals from England could be rehabilitated.
C) extended the right to vote to both adult men and women.
D) offered religious toleration to all settlers.

Question 18

Why did Frontenac encourage French exploratory expeditions in the Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley?

A) Acting under the direction of the French Catholic church, he wanted to Christianize the Native Americans of the region.
B) He hoped to gain control of the fur trade by establishing a trade route to Mexico.
C) He was carrying out the instructions of the French government.
D) He wanted to subjugate the Native Americans of the region.

Question 19

Which of the following was the most successful Indian resistance movement against European dominance in colonial North America?

A) The Pueblo Revolt of 1680
B) King Philip's War of the 1670s
C) Bacon's Rebellion in 1676
D) The Beaver Wars of the 1640s

Question 20

The government established by the "Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina" may be characterized as

A) democratic.
B) theocratic.
C) hierarchical.
D) totalitarian.

Question 21

Which of the following may be considered the "linchpin" of the Atlantic trading system?

A) European manufactured goods
B) Slaves
C) European food products
D) Natural resources from the Americas

Question 22

Which of the following was a consequence of the Tuscarora War of 1711?

A) The Algonquians were allowed to return to their ancient tribal lands.
B) The Algonquians were Christianized and entered into an alliance with the English.
C) The Tuscaroras replaced the Algonquians as the major suppliers of grain to the English.
D) Many Tuscaroras were enslaved.

Question 23

What is the main reason for the deaths of most white sailors during the "middle passage"?

A) They died from African diseases contracted from the slaves.
B) They died from exposure to the elements when their ships were stalled at sea.
C) They were killed by mutinying slaves.
D) They were killed by pirates who seized slave ships.

Question 24

Why did the Yamasees attack English settlements in South Carolina in 1715?

A) Colonial traders had not only abused the Yamasees but had also threatened their lands.
B) They were angry over the recent alliance between the Creeks and the English.
C) They had recently allied with the Spanish to push English settlers out of the Carolinas.
D) They heard rumors that the English settlers were planning to exterminate all Native Americans in the area.

Question 25

What impact did the slave trade have on the Gold Coast of Africa?

A) By changing the sex ratio in the region, it encouraged polygyny.
B) By creating animosity between the Africans and the Europeans, it led to a series of bloody wars.
C) It drastically depopulated the region.
D) It led the West Africans to adopt written languages.

Question 26

What impact did the slave trade have on Europe?

A) The expanding trans-Atlantic trade in slaves and the products of slave labor became the basis of the European economic system.
B) It caused the European economy to become dependent on the whims of West African rulers.
C) It caused severe economic dislocations in the European states involved in the trade.
D) As European states involved in the trade colonized West Africa, their empires became worldwide in scope.

Question 27

Which of the following was a consequence of the Navigation Acts?

A) They gave Chesapeake planters a ready market for their staple crops.
B) They caused a depression in the fishing industry in the Middle Colonies.
C) They stimulated the colonial shipbuilding industry, especially in New England.
D) They had a negative economic impact on all of the colonies.

Question 28

Which labor system gave each slave a daily or weekly quota of tasks to complete?

A) Job System
B) Eliza Lucas System
C) Task System
D) Working System

Question 29

With regard to the rulers of the West African coastal states of Dahomey and Asante, which of the following statements accurately describes their role in the slave trade and the trade's impact on them?

A) Although they controlled aspects of the slave trade, the coastal kings were merely the puppets of European traders who controlled them and the territory they governed.
B) By centralizing and controlling the slave trade, the kings of these states oversaw the emergence of powerful kingdoms.
C) Since the Europeans completely controlled the slave trade, the coastal kings were merely figureheads with no real power.
D) Although the coastal kings allowed the Europeans to control the slave trade, they acquired power and wealth by gaining control over the trans-Saharan trade.

Question 30

Mercantilist theory held that

A) colonies can help the mother country become self-sufficient by providing it with valuable raw materials.
B) there should be an equal balance of imports and exports.
C) government should not interfere in the economy.
D) overseas colonies were an unnecessary burden on a nation's natural resources.

Question 31

Which of the following was a consequence of the transition from indentured servitude to enslaved labor in the Chesapeake?

A) The transition provided increased political opportunities for poorer whites.
B) Cotton replaced tobacco as the major cash crop of the region.
C) Land that had been reserved for freed servants was distributed to previously landless whites.
D) Chesapeake society became more socially and economically stratified.

Question 32

Which of the following was a provision of the Navigation Acts?

A) All foreign goods bound for the colonies will be shipped by way of England.
B) Colonial products sold to foreign nations must be transported in the purchasing nation's ships.
C) Goods exported from the colonies to foreign nations will be subject to an export tax.
D) Colonial industries that produce certain goods will be subsidized by the British government.

Question 33

Which of the following was a consequence of the Yamasee War?

A) White colonists abandoned the city of Charleston.
B) Unity was established among the various Indian tribes in the Carolinas.
C) For self-protection, the Yamasees moved south.
D) The Creeks established a lasting alliance with the white South Carolina settlers.

Question 34

Which of the following statements correctly identifies the Royal African Company?

A) This English company held a monopoly on all English trade with sub-Saharan Africa during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.
B) This West African company consisted of representatives from all West African kingdoms and coordinated slave-catching raids into the African interior.
C) This West African company established the rules and regulations under which Europeans were allowed to trade with states along the Guinea coast.
D) This English company acted as the coordinator and licensing agent for all independent trading companies seeking to transport slaves to the English colonies.

Question 35

By the late 1640s, which of the following was a major source of income for New England's farmers and merchants?

A) Foodstuffs and wood for barrels which were sold to sugar planters in the Caribbean
B) Ever-increasing migrations to the area from England
C) Grains sold into European markets
D) Manufactured goods sold to English merchants

Question 36

Which of the following provided a major market for New England goods in the late seventeenth century?

A) Continental Europe
B) England
C) South America
D) The Caribbean

Question 37

The case of Eliza Lucas provides evidence for which of the following conclusions?

A) Eighteenth-century South Carolina adopted progressive attitudes toward women.
B) South Carolina society was intolerant of educated women.
C) Women often spoke out against the institution of slavery.
D) The knowledge of slaves from the Caribbean contributed significantly to the economic development of South Carolina.

Question 38

What are the three parts of the New England triangular trade?

A) Firearms, ammunition, and slaves
B) Steel knives, molasses, and rum
C) Ammunition, grain, and rum
D) Molasses, rum, and slaves

Question 39

Who first brought enslaved Africans to the Americas?

A) The Dutch and the French
B) The English
C) The Germans
D) The Portuguese

Question 40

Why, beginning in the mid-1660s, did Chesapeake planters begin to purchase more African slaves?

A) They could no longer obtain an adequate supply of white indentured servants.
B) The price of slaves dropped as more and more were imported from Africa.
C) It became clear that Native Americans could not be used successfully as slaves.
D) It became necessary for white indentured servants to serve in the militia to defend against Indian attacks.

Question 41

Discuss the economic philosophy of mercantilism, and examine British Parliament's attempts to apply mercantilist philosophy to the economic relationship with its American colonies.

Question 42

What forces were responsible for the Salem Village witchcraft crisis? Why did the crisis end so abruptly?

Question 43

Discuss the political structure of the American colonies in the late 1600s at both the colonial and local levels. How and why did James II attempt to restructure colonial government in New England between 1686 and 1689? What were the consequences?

Question 44

James II and his successors, William and Mary, would most likely have agreed on which of the following statements?

A) England should exercise tighter control over its colonies in North America.
B) The British constitution gives the English monarch absolute power.
C) Representative assemblies in the British colonies should be abolished.
D) English regulations concerning colonial trade should be relaxed.

Question 45

Describe New Netherland under Dutch rule, and examine how it changed in the century after English acquisition.

Question 46

By the 1720s, which of the following was an important difference between northern and southern colonial societies?

A) The economy of the southern colonies was based on diversified agriculture, whereas that of the northern colonies was based on the production of staple crops.
B) The political institutions of the southern colonies were more representative of the masses than were those in the northern colonies.
C) There was more economic opportunity for new arrivals in the southern colonies than in the northern colonies.
D) The South had become a slave society, whereas the North was a society with slaves.

Question 47

The Navigation Acts, vice-admiralty courts, and enumerated goods are all associated with

A) philosopher John Locke's constitution for Carolina.
B) English mercantilism.
C) the Dominion of New England.
D) a decline in American shipbuilding.

Question 48

Examine the introduction of African slavery into the Americas. Why was it introduced into England's colonies in North America? How did slave societies evolve?

Question 49

Which of the following was a provision of the Navigation Act of 1696?

A) Ships from European nations other than England were again allowed to trade in the colonies.
B) Sugar and tobacco were added to the list of goods that could be sold only in England or in the English colonies.
C) Foreign goods classified as "necessities" could once again be sold directly to the English colonies.
D) American merchants charged with violations of the Navigation Acts would be tried in vice-admiralty courts.

Question 50

How did the relationship between the colonists and the Indians of South Carolina, lead to the Tuscarora and the Yamasee Wars?

Question 51

Members of "court parties" differed from members of the "country interest" in which of the following ways?

A) Members of court parties supported English officials assigned to implement the policies of the English government; members of the country interest supported more colonial autonomy.
B) Members of court parties supported the concept of divine-right monarchy; members of the country interest supported replacing the monarchy with a democratic republic.
C) Members of the court parties were born in England; members of the country parties were American-born.
D) Members of the court parties were colonial officials appointed to their positions by the monarch; members of the country parties were colonial officials appointed to their positions by colonial assemblies.

Question 52

Examine the impact of large-scale slavery on the socio-political, economic, and cultural development of the South.

Question 53

Which of the following accurately describes the Salem Village witchcraft crisis of 1692?

A) It occurred in an area where people were especially fearful of potential Indian attacks from the north.
B) As the poor felt more and more powerless, they tried to take out their frustrations on the wealthy by charging them with practicing witchcraft.
C) Old-guard Puritans created the crisis to regain their power and restore morality to the community.
D) The crisis was primarily the result of a power struggle among leading Puritan families.

Question 54

Describe the experience of the "middle passage" and the impact of that experience on Africans.

Question 55

Discuss the beliefs of the Quakers and how they affected the social and economic development of Pennsylvania.

Question 56

Discuss the causes and consequences of Bacon's Rebellion.

Question 57

Describe the triangular trade and discuss the economic impact of slavery on the economic life of New England.