Deck 28: Perimenstrual and Pelvic Symptoms and Syndromes

Question 1

Which of the following are structural causes of abnormal uterine bleeding? (Select all that apply.)

A) Leiomyoma
B) Coagulopathy
C) Endometrial
D) Polyp
E) Malignancy

Answer 1

A, D, E

Question 2

During the menstrual cycle, if conception does not occur, which of the following events take place following ovulation? (Select all that apply.)

A) The blastocyst implants on the uterine wall
B) The corpus luteum degenerates
C) Estrogen levels rise
D) Withdrawal bleeding occurs
E) Progesterone levels fall

Answer 2

B, D, E

Question 3

Tanya is a 21-year-old African American woman with a body mass index (BMI) of 32. She is sedentary and smokes. Which of the following are factors that increase Tanya's risk for developing abnormal uterine bleeding? (Select all that apply.)

A) Age
B) Race
C) BMI
D) Activity level
E) Smoking status

Answer 3

A, C

Question 4

Which of the following are symptoms of abnormal uterine bleeding? (Select all that apply.)

A) Soaking through a menstrual pad in 4 hours on a heavy day of menstruation
B) Bleeding 1 week after the last menstrual period ended
C) Bleeding after having sexual intercourse
D) Bleeding a year after having entered menopause
E) Spotting 2 weeks after the last menstrual period ended

Question 5

Indigo is a 25-year-old client who arrives at the office complaining of a high fever and heavy menstrual bleeding. When the nurse inquires about her menstrual cycle, Indigo says that it is highly regular and that this is the normal time of the month for her to have her period, but that she has never bled this heavily before. Based on this information, which of the following should the nurse deduce as the most likely cause of the abnormal uterine bleeding?

A) von Willebrand disease
B) Endometritis
C) Ovarian disorder
D) Iatrogenic

Question 6

Angie is a 33-year-old client who is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding. The nurse would like to evaluate Angie's endometrium to determine whether she should undergo an endometrial sampling procedure. Which diagnostic test would be most appropriate for this purpose?

A) Saline infusion sonohysterography
B) Pelvic radiography
C) Transvaginal ultrasonography
D) Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 7

On what days of the menstrual cycle should a transvaginal ultrasound be scheduled in premenopausal women?

A) Days 1 to 3
B) Days 4 to 6
C) Days 7 to 9
D) Days 10 to 12

Question 8

Malorie is a 15-year-old client who is concerned because she still has not had her first period. Malorie is short for her age and appears to be prepubertal. She enjoys playing softball on a community recreation league team and has a body mass index (BMI) index of 22. Which cause of amenorrhea should the nurse suspect most in Malorie's case?

A) Female athlete triad
B) Polycystic ovary syndrome
C) Pituitary tumor
D) Turner syndrome

Question 9

Beatrice is a 35-year-old client who has been experiencing lighter periods for the past few months and even missed a period of 1 month. On ultrasound, the nurse observes that Beatrice's ovaries are enlarged. Laboratory tests indicate an elevated luteinizing hormone level but normal estrogen and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. Which cause of amenorrhea should the nurse suspect most in Beatrice's case?

A) Female athlete triad
B) Polycystic ovary syndrome
C) Pituitary tumor
D) Turner syndrome

Question 10

Jenny is an 18-year-old client who has been diagnosed with female athlete triad. What interventions should the nurse make to treat Jenny? (Select all that apply.)

A) Recommend increasing intake of calcium
B) Encourage weight loss
C) Recommend eating a balanced diet with plenty of calories
D) Refer the client to a therapist who specializes in eating disorders
E) Prescribe an antidiabetic medication to help manage insulin resistance

Question 11

Maria is a 38-year-old client who experiences depression, mood swings, and abdominal cramps each month right before her period. Her symptoms are so severe that she has had to miss many days of work in the past year. Which of the following conditions would best explain Maria's symptoms?

A) Premenstrual syndrome
B) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
C) Polycystic ovary syndrome
D) Turner syndrome

Question 12

Trudy is a 36-year-old client who has just been diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Which of the following self-management measures should the nurse recommend to Trudy? (Select all that apply.)

A) Take calcium supplements
B) Consider beginning cognitive behavioral therapy
C) Increase caffeine intake
D) Engage in aerobic exercise, especially during the luteal phase
E) Consider taking the diuretic Spironolactone

Question 13

Chloe has been experiencing migraine headaches lately, which she believes may be related to her menstrual cycle. Which of the following symptoms are associated with menstrual migraine headaches? (Select all that apply.)

A) Bilateral presentation
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Mild, steady pain
D) Pain aggravated by light and sounds
E) Visualizing flickering lights moments before the headache starts

Question 14

Oma is a 20-year-old client who regularly experiences menstrual migraines with aura just before her period. Which medication should the nurse recommend to Oma to take 2 to 3 days before her period as a short-term prophylactic treatment?

A) A triptan
B) A combined oral contraceptive
C) Progesterone therapy
D) Danazol

Question 15

Which of the following are characteristics of primary dysmenorrhea, as opposed to secondary dysmenorrhea? (Select all that apply.)

A) Onset of 3 years after menarche
B) Pain that follows a predictable pattern, always occurring at the start of menstruation
C) Pain that is always worst on the first day of menstruation
D) Typically caused by endometriosis
E) Often accompanied by abnormally heavy menstrual bleeding