Question 1

Which lawsuit resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that schools must offer language programs for English learners?&#10;A) Casta&#241;eda v. Pickard&#10;B) Plyler v. Doe&#10;C) Williams et al. v. State of California et al.&#10;D) Lau v. Nichols

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Lau v. Nichols (1974) that schools must take affirmative steps to help non-English speaking students, leading to the requirement for language programs for English learners.

Question 2

The use of &#34;Spanish detention&#34; in 1960s Texas refers to what?&#10;A) students being kept after school for speaking Spanish&#10;B) the illegal detention of foreigners&#10;C) the legal detention of undocumented immigrants&#10;D) the immigration policy toward Spanish-speaking immigrants

Accepted Answer

In 1960s Texas, "Spanish detention" referred to the practice of punishing students by keeping them after school if they were caught speaking Spanish, as part of efforts to enforce English-only policies in schools.

Question 3

After World War II, many English learners were placed in special education classes based on their:&#10;A) immigration status&#10;B) performance on English-language IQ tests&#10;C) mental and physical disabilities&#10;D) emotional disturbances from culture shock

Accepted Answer

After World War II, many English learners were placed in special education classes based on their performance on English-language IQ tests, which often did not accurately reflect their intellectual abilities due to language barriers.

Question 4

Under the 2015 Every Student Succeeds Act, states are required to provide assurance that they have adopted content standards in:&#10;A) English, math, and science&#10;B) reading, math, and science&#10;C) reading, writing, and math&#10;D) English, math, and social studies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under the 2015 Every Student Succeeds Act,...

Question 5

What is two-way (dual) immersion?&#10;A) an exchange program where one student travels to the U.S. and one student travels abroad&#10;B) English-speaking students learn two languages simultaneously&#10;C)English learners and English speakers learn in the same classroom&#10;D) English-speaking students learn their heritage language and culture

Accepted Answer

Two-way (dual) immersion involves English learners and English speakers learning together in the same classroom, with instruction in both English and another language.

Question 6

Which languages are associated with language revitalization?&#10;A) Asian languages&#10;B) Eastern European languages&#10;C) Latin American languages&#10;D) Amerindian languages

Accepted Answer

Amerindian languages are often associated with language revitalization efforts due to the historical decline in their use and the cultural importance of preserving indigenous languages.

Question 7

Which of the following is associated with additive bilingualism and empowerment for English learners?&#10;A) structured English immersion&#10;B) U.S. enrichment immersion&#10;C) two-way immersion&#10;D) transitional bilingual education

Accepted Answer

Two-way immersion programs promote additive bilingualism by teaching students in both their native language and a second language, empowering them to become proficient in both.

Question 8

The politics of the English-only movement include which of the following?&#10;A) hostility toward immigrants&#10;B) an open borders policy&#10;C) a belief in language equity&#10;D) appreciation of heritage language

Accepted Answer

The English-only movement is often associated with hostility toward immigrants, as it advocates for English to be the sole official language, which can marginalize non-English speakers.

Question 9

Which of the following is associated with subtractive bilingualism?&#10;A) U.S. enrichment immersion&#10;B) dual-language development programs&#10;C) front-loaded English&#10;D) two-way immersion

Accepted Answer

Subtractive bilingualism occurs when a second language is learned at the expense of the first language, often seen in programs like front-loaded English where the focus is on English acquisition without supporting the native language.

Question 10

Which lawsuit resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that separate educational programs are inherently unequal?&#10;A) Williams et al. v. State of California&#10;B) Brown v. Board of Education&#10;C) G&#243;mez v. Illinois State Board of Education&#10;D) Lau v. Nichols

Accepted Answer

Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education was one of the cornerstones of the civil rights movement, and helped establish the precedent that “separate-but-equal” education and other services were not, in fact, equal at all.

Question 11

Which of the following is a set of guidelines from the federal government on how to implement bilingual programs at public schools?&#10;A) The Equal Education Opportunities Act&#10;B) The Civil Rights Act&#10;C) Florida Consent Decree&#10;D) Lau Remedies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a set...

Question 12

In 1998, California voters passed Proposition 227, which rejected:&#10;A) bilingual education&#10;B) English-only education&#10;C) funding for English textbooks&#10;D) funding for public schools

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1998, California voters passed Proposition 227,...

Question 13

Which of the following is a principle of the Universal Design for Learning?&#10;A) content is delivered in multiple modes&#10;B) content is delivered in English&#10;C) content is delivered in the students' native languages&#10;D) content is modified

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a principle...

Question 14

Which of the following is a potential drawback of ELD classes in secondary schools?&#10;A) Students are pulled out of regular class and miss content instruction in their main class.&#10;B) Students have limited chances for practice speaking English with native English speakers.&#10;C) Students often do not receive college-entrance-applicable credits for these classes.&#10;D) Students do not have heritage-language support in ELD classes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a potential...

Question 15

What does CBO stand for?&#10;A) College Bound Objectives&#10;B) Community-based Organizations&#10;C) Cognitive Behavior Operations&#10;D) Culture-based Occupations

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does CBO stand for?&#10;A) College Bound...

Question 16

Which of the following is a way that teachers can promote additive bilingualism?&#10;A) advocate for pull-out ELD classes&#10;B) offer multiple modes of content delivery&#10;C) welcome new immigrants to the community&#10;D) encourage families to preserve the home language

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a way...

Question 17

Choose one of the following programs for English learners and give at least two strengths of the program and at least two drawbacks:
A. Transitional Bilingual Education
B. Structured English Immersion
C. Newcomer (Front-Loaded) English

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose one of the following programs for...

Question 18

Explain how the Universal Design for Learning can be implemented in a program for English learners. Give at least three principles and at least one specific example of how each of those principles can be applied.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how the Universal Design for Learning...

Question 19

How can school-community partnerships can foster a climate of support for English learners. Give at least three specific examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can school-community partnerships can foster a...

Question 20

Which issues were addressed by the Florida Consent Decree of 1990? Give at least three examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which issues were addressed by the Florida...

Deck 4: Programs for English Learners