Deck 15: Ethics and Nutrition Practice

Question 1

Which of the following is the formal recognition of professional or technical competence?

A) Credentialing
B) Cataloging
C) Listing
D) Classifying

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following was drafted as a set of standards for judging physicians and scientists who had conducted biomedical experiments on concentration camp prisoners?

A) Nuremberg Code
B) War crime trials
C) American Society for Nutritional Sciences
D) Morse code

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following includes a moral duty to weigh and balance benefits against harms to increase benefits and reduce the occurrence of harm?

A) Rule of Contingency
B) Rule of Principality
C) Rule of Mobility
D) Rule of Utility

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Jeanine is a community nutritionist who strives to always make good moral judgments by using four main assumptions. These include:

A) beneficence.
B) nonmaleficence.
C) autonomy.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 5

Basic ethical principles refer to those general judgments that serve as justification for the particular ethical prescriptions and evaluations of human actions. The basic principles, among those generally accepted in the cultural traditions of the United States, are:

A) the principles of respect for persons.
B) the principles of beneficence.
C) the principles of justice.
D) All of these are correct.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 6

Josh decided to look for ways to make an accurate ethical decision. Which of the following is not the best way?

A) Identify the problem.
B) Collect additional information.
C) Identify all the options available.
D) Think the situation through.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 7

A group of students were preparing to take the Registered Dietitian exam. Their internship director had access to the questions and used these questions to prepare her students for the exam, but she was required to keep these questions confidential. This is an example of what?

A) Violation of the rule of utility
B) Professional preparation
C) Conflict of interest
D) Violation of the American Dietetic Association Code of Ethics

Question 8

Susan is a Registered Dietitian who currently lives in Michigan. She is moving to Illinois because of her husband's job change. What should Susan do first related to her career?

A) Find out where the Dietetic Association meetings are held.
B) Investigate whether or not Illinois requires licensure.
C) Start networking.
D) Look for job openings online.

Question 9

The customary way of acting is the definition of:

A) principles.
B) morality.
C) ethics.
D) justice.

Question 10

Which of the following is a statement of basic ethical principles and guidelines that should assist in resolving the ethical problems that surround conducting research with human subjects?

A) Nuremberg Code
B) AND Code of Ethics
C) Belmont Report
D) Public Health Nutrition Code of Ethics

Question 11

Many organizations, universities, and hospitals have what type of board that works to assure human subjects are protected?

A) Nuremberg Board
B) Belmont Board
C) Ethics Board
D) Institutional Review Board

Question 12

Sarah understands that although she knows that her client needs to lose weight, her client has to choose to do so. The freedom for an individual to choose which action to take is called what?

A) The rule of utility
B) The principle of autonomy
C) Moral obligation
D) The rule of beneficence

Question 13

Jordan knows that all of the following are actions that can be taken if a practitioner is found to violate the Code of Ethics except:

A) Censured
B) Placed on probation
C) Suspended
D) Expelled
E) Imprisoned

Question 14

Which of the following principles states that people should be treated equally?

A) Ethics
B) Morality
C) Justice
D) Autonomy

Question 15

What is the meaning of nonmaleficence?

A) Do no harm.
B) Be fair.
C) Do good.
D) Do right.

Question 16

"Fairness" refers to which of the following assumptions used to make good moral judgments?

A) Beneficence
B) Justice
C) Autonomy
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 17

Lindsay will submit her qualifications to which body to become a Registered Dietitian?

A) Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
B) Commission on Dietetics Registration
C) State Licensure Board
D) Fellow of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Question 18

Plausibility is one of the three basic ethical principles?

Question 19

Ethics is defined as the study of the nature and justification of principles that guide human behaviors and are applied when moral problems arise.

Question 20

Moral obligation is the duty to act in a particular way in response to moral norms.

Question 21

The purpose of moral obligation is to enable people to increase control over factors that affect their personal health and to prevent the incidence of chronic health conditions.

Question 22

Beneficence includes two general rules: do not harm, and maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms.

Question 23

The word ethics is derived from the Latin word mosmoris.

Question 24

As long as it is agreed upon prior to the findings being made, it is okay to agree to not release any unfavorable findings at the end of a study.

Question 25

Foundations for rules are called a framework.

Question 26

In-kind donations confirm to the grantor that there is a community "buy-in."

Question 27

Dietitians employed in a public health setting should utilize both the Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics and the principles of the ethical practice of public health.

Question 28

The Ethics Committee is not responsible for enforcing the code.

Question 29

List the four assumptions that can be used when making ethical decisions.

Question 30

List the seven ways described in the book to make ethical decisions.

Question 31

Which of the following is the study of the nature and justification of principles that guide human behaviors and are applied when moral problems arise?

A) Mortality
B) Ethics
C) Law
D) Conscious

Question 32

The following is an example of what ethical issue? The dietitian has an obligation to the funding agency, but also obligations to the profession of dietetics, to the public, and to the community to provide accurate and complete information that is not misleading.

A) Conflict of interest
B) Moral obligation
C) Human subjects
D) Respect for persons

Question 33

As part of the ethical code: which of the following is obligated to ensure that human health is improved by providing reliable scientific information?

A) Government
B) Private agencies
C) Healthcare professionals
D) All of these are correct.

Question 34

From which of the following sources do nutrition scientists receive research funding?

A) Corporations
B) Commodity groups
C) Health organizations
D) None of these is correct.

Question 35

Dissemination of the research findings to the public, media, scientific meetings, and interviews with journalists, is a potential area for which ethical problem? This occurs because the interests of the agencies paying for the research may conflict with the actual outcomes of the research and how the results are presented.

A) Conflict of interest
B) Inhumane treatment of participants
C) Favor exchange
D) Research bias

Question 36

Which of the following summarized the basic ethical principles identified by the commission in the course of its deliberations? It is a statement of basic ethical principles and guidelines that should assist in resolving the ethical problems that surround conducting research with human subjects.

A) Nuremberg Code
B) Code of ethics
C) Belmont Report
D) Standards of professional practice

Question 37

Which of the following refers to those general judgments that serve as a basic justification for the particular ethical prescriptions and evaluations of human actions?

A) Basic ethical principles
B) Informed consent
C) Common ethical sense
D) Natural human rights

Question 38

An observational study known as the Tuskegee study was a long-term observation of the "natural" course of syphilis in African American men who were recruited into the study without what?

A) Basic ethical principles
B) Informed consent
C) Justice
D) Beneficence

Question 39

Which of the following is the freedom for an individual to choose which actions to take?

A) Principle of autonomy
B) Competence
C) Beneficence
D) Principle of ethical objectives

Question 40

Which of the following is not an ethical dilemma addressed by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' Code of Ethics?

A) Principle #14, which addresses endorsement of products
B) Principle #12, which addresses conflicts of interest
C) Principle # 9, which addresses increasing personal profit margins
D) All of these are correct.

Question 41

The following describes which ethical decision-making variable? "The community nutritionist should clarify the issue (for example, values, conflicts, and matters of principles) and gather all the relevant data (facts, norms, principles, rules, and interpretations of the rules)."

A) Identifying the problem
B) Collecting additional information
C) Identifying all the options available to the decision makers

Question 42

The January 1999 Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) stated that the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and its Commission on Dietetic Registration had adopted a voluntary, enforceable:

A) code of ethics.
B) Nuremburg Code.
C) Belmont Report.
D) principles of the ethical practice of public health.

Question 43

Which of the following is responsible for reviewing, promoting, and enforcing the code of ethics for the profession of dietetics?

A) Ethics Committee
B) House of Delegates
C) Dietetics Committee
D) House of Representatives

Question 44

JoAnn and Andrea are dietitians at the public health department. They were both in the elevator one day when Andrea started discussing problems her client is having. As an ethical decision, JoAnn tells Andrea she will discuss her situation when they are out of the elevator. This was:

A) a good ethical decision.
B) not an acceptable decision.
C) None of these is correct.

Question 45

Dave is learning about the famous study that involved syphilis and African American men who were recruited without informed consent. This study was the:

A) Belmont study.
B) Tuskegee study.
C) Nuremberg study.
D) Benner study.

Question 46

When an individual agrees to a treatment plan after receiving sufficient information concerning the proposal, its incumbent risks, and the acceptable alternatives, it is said that they have received which of the following?

A) Justice
B) Ethical decision making
C) Informed consent
D) Autonomy

Question 47

Moral obligation is the duty to act in a particular way in response to moral norms.

Question 48

A Human subject is defined as a living individual about whom an investigator is conducting research to obtain data through intervention or interaction with the individual or to obtain identifiable private information.

Question 49

Research is defined as a systematic investigation, including research, development, testing, and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.

Question 50

Dietitians who are employed the food industry (such as cereal, dairy, or fast-food companies) do not encounter moral dilemmas.

Question 51

The purpose of health promotion is not to enable people to increase control over factors that affect their personal health and to prevent the incidence of chronic health conditions but to reduce anxieties about health issues.

Question 52

Services that provide the greatest balance of good over bad, or benefit over harm, are in accordance with the rule of utility.

Question 53

Ethical decision making is not focusing on the best interests of the clients while allowing every stakeholder to share in the decision.

Question 54

Credentialing is the formal recognition of professional or technical competence.

Question 55

Basic ethical principles are general judgments that serve as a justification for the particular ethical prescriptions and evaluations of human actions.