Deck 2: Antidiabetic Agents

Question 1

Which medication is the drug of choice for initial treatment of a newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes and no contraindications?

A) Lantus
B) Glucophage
C) Actos
D) Amaryl

Answer 1

B

Question 2

All of the following are brand names of metformin, EXCEPT:

A) Glumetza
B) Fortamet
C) Diabeta
D) Riomet

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the initial starting dose for metformin?

A) 500 mg po BID
B) 1000 mg po BID
C) 1500 mg po BID
D) 2000 mg po BID

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What is the average HbA1c reduction expected with metformin?

A) 0.7-1 %
B) 1-1.5 %
C) 1-2 %
D) 1.5-2 %

Question 5

Which of the following drugs primarily works by decreasing hepatic glucose production?

A) Micronase
B) Januvia
C) Glucophage
D) Actos

Question 6

What is the mechanism of action of sitagliptin?

A) Decreases hepatic glucose production
B) Inhibits di-peptidyl peptidase-4
C) Stimulates peripheral glucose uptake
D) Direct GLP-1 agonist

Question 7

Which class of drugs may cause SIADH in rare instances?

A) Biguanide
B) Sulfonylurea
C) Insulin
D) DPP-4 inhibitor

Question 8

All of the following medications may cause weight gain, EXCEPT:

A) Metformin
B) Glyburide
C) Insulin detemir
D) Pioglitazone

Question 9

Which of the following medications is indicated for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

A) Glucophage
B) Actos
C) Insulin
D) Januvia

Question 10

Which insulin comes in a highly concentrated 500 units/ml, 20-ml vial, and should be used with caution?

A) NPH
B) Glargine
C) Regular
D) Detemir

Question 11

What does Humulin 70/30 contain?

A) 70% NPH and 30% regular insulin
B) 30% NPH and 70% regular insulin
C) 70% glargine and 30% regular insulin
D) 30% glargine and 70% regular insulin

Question 12

Which medication should be discontinued immediately and a healthcare provider notified if unexplained myalgia, malaise, or hyperventilation occurs?

A) Pioglitazone
B) Glipizide
C) Sitagliptin
D) Metformin

Question 13

All of the following are examples of sulfonylureas, EXCEPT?

A) Glipizide
B) Sitagliptin
C) Glyburide
D) Glimepiride

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a biguanide?

A) Amaryl
B) Actos
C) Glucophage
D) Januvia

Question 15

Insulin is released from:

A) ß-cells of the liver
B) α-cell of the pancreas
C) ß-cells of the pancreas
D) α-cell of the liver

Question 16

What is the typical initial starting dose of insulin?

A) 0.1-0.5 unit/kg per day
B) 0.5-1 unit/kg per day
C) 1-5 units/kg per day
D) 5-10 units/kg per day

Question 17

What is the dosing recommendation for insulin when a patient's CrCl is 10-50 ml/min?

A) Administer 100% normal dose
B) Administer 75% normal dose
C) Administer 50% normal dose
D) Administer 10% normal dose

Question 18

What should the dose of glargine be when changing to insulin glargine from twice-daily insulin NPH?

A) Increase by 20% and adjust accordingly
B) Increase by 10% and adjust accordingly
C) Decrease by 20% and adjust accordingly
D) Decrease by 10% and adjust accordingly

Question 19

Humulin R insulin should be dosed:

A) 15 minutes prior to a meal
B) 30 minutes prior to a meal
C) 30 minutes after a meal
D) At bedtime

Question 20

What is the maintenance dose of glyburide?

A) 1-8 mg once daily
B) 2.5-5 mg once daily
C) 1.25-20 mg once daily
D) 10-40 mg once daily

Question 21

Insulin glargine can only be mixed with which of the following insulin in the same syringe?

A) Regular
B) NPH
C) Detemir
D) None of the above

Question 22

Which of the following pairs of insulin and description do not match?

A) Regular: Short-acting
B) Lispro: Rapid-acting
C) Detemir: Long-acting
D) Glargine: Intermediate-acting

Question 23

What is the average HbA1c reduction expected with Sitagliptin?

A) 0.7-1 %
B) 1-1.5 %
C) 1-2 %
D) 1.5-2 %

Question 24

Urinary tract infections, genitourinary fungal infections, and ketoacidosis are side effects of which of the following medications?

A) Liraglutide
B) Canagliflozin
C) Sitagliptin
D) Pioglitazone

Question 25

Which medication is currently contraindicated for use in patients with GFR: < 30 ml/min?

A) Exenatide
B) Metformin
C) Dapagliflozin
D) All of the above

Question 26

Which of the following statement is TRUE when treating a patient with type 2 diabetes and NYHA class I heart failure with pioglitazone?

A) Initial dose is 15 mg once daily
B) Initial dose is 30 mg once daily
C) Initial dose is 45 mg once daily
D) Contraindicated

Question 27

Which of the following renal function and corresponding recommended dose of sitagliptin does NOT match?

A) CrCl > 50 ml/min : 100 mg once daily
B) CrCl > 30 to < 50 ml/min : 50 mg once daily
C) CrCl < 30 ml/min : 25 mg once daily
D) CrCl < 15 ml/min : Contraindicated

Question 28

Blurred vision, palpitations, shakiness, slurred speech, and sweating in a patient taking glipizide are signs of:

A) Hyperglycemia
B) Liver dysfunction
C) Lactic acidosis
D) Hypoglycemia

Question 29

What is the onset of action of regular insulin?

A) 0.25 hours
B) 0.5-1 hour
C) 2-4 hours
D) 4 hours

Question 30

Hepatic failure, bladder cancer, and heart failure are all rare but serious side effects of which class of drugs?

A) Biguanide
B) Sulfonylurea
C) Thiazolidinedione
D) Insulin

Question 31

The pregnancy category for Glucophage is:

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) X

Question 32

All of the following statements are TRUE regarding Afrezza, EXCEPT:

A) FEV1 should be performed at baseline and every 6 months
B) It is a long-acting insulin product
C) Contraindicated in patient with asthma or COPD
D) Should be avoided in patients with active lung cancer

Question 33

All of the following are indications for the use of insulin, EXCEPT:

A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) DKA
D) Hypokalemia

Question 34

What is the dosing recommendation for Pioglitazone in a patient with type 2 diabetes who is also taking gemfibrozil?

A) Maintenance dose is 15 mg once daily
B) Maintenance dose is 30 mg once daily
C) Maintenance dose is 45 mg once daily
D) Contraindicated

Question 35

What is the mechanism of action of Jardiance?

A) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist
B) Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 agonist
C) Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor
D) Stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas