Deck 12: Other Sources of Evidence

Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between propositional and nonpropositional nursing knowledge?

A) Propositional knowledge is primarily practice based, whereas nonpropositional knowledge is primarily research based.
B) Nonpropositional knowledge is primarily practice based, whereas propositional knowledge is primarily science based.
C) Both propositional and nonpropositional knowledge are based primarily on scholarly research.
D) Both propositional and nonpropositional knowledge are gained through trial-and-error methods.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A nurse newly assigned to work in a coronary step-down unit seeks evidence for best practice in assisting clients and families with coping strategies following a myocardial infarction. Which type of knowledge would the nurse obtain from findings of a qualitative study on coping strategies reported in a nursing research journal?

A) Nonpropositional
B) Practical
C) Trial-and-error
D) Propositional

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A nursing student learns to place the tubing of an indwelling urinary catheter in a coil on the bed by watching an experienced nurse and implementing the observations during practice. Which type of knowledge is the nursing student using?

A) Intuitive
B) Nonpropostitional
C) Propositional
D) Trial-and-error

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the Pyramid of the 5 Ss?

A) It orders sources of evidence from most specific to least specific.
B) It categorizes sources of evidence by degree of usefulness.
C) It organizes sources of evidence by how they contribute to evidence-based practice.
D) It organizes sources of evidence by how they related to propositional and nonpropositional knowledge.

Question 5

Which sources of healthcare information are on the bottom layer or base of the Pyramid of the 5 Ss?

A) Case studies
B) Meta-analyses
C) Systemic reviews
D) Summaries

Question 6

What distinguishes a systematic review from a traditional literature review?

A) The length of the review
B) The use of previously published reports
C) The approach used for obtaining relevant literature
D) The use of meta-analysis on the literature being reviewed

Question 7

In the process of writing a systematic review, which step must the author complete first?

A) Obtain relevant literature to be reviewed.
B) Clarify the problem and the questions to be answered.
C) Decide on inclusion and exclusion criteria for studies being reviewed.
D) Evaluate how the literature reviewed contributes to an understanding of the problem or question.

Question 8

What distinguishes meta-analysis from meta-synthesis?

A) Meta-analysis uses a systematic approach; meta-synthesis does not use a systematic approach.
B) Meta-analysis is used for qualitative studies; meta-synthesis is used for quantitative studies.
C) Meta-analysis uses only published evidence; meta-synthesis uses both published and unpublished evidence.
D) Meta-analysis is used for quantitative studies; meta-synthesis is used for qualitative studies.

Question 9

What type of paper would a nursing student writing a paper for an undergraduate course most likely author?

A) Integrative review
B) Traditional literature review
C) Systematic review
D) Summary review

Question 10

Which type of review is more rigorous than a traditional literature review but less rigorous than the systematic review because it includes only published reports?

A) Integrative review
B) Meta-analysis
C) Meta-synthesis
D) Summary review

Question 11

A nurse finds the answer to a clinical question by reading an abstract of a study. Which level of evidence is the nurse using?

A) Studies
B) Syntheses
C) Synopses
D) Summaries

Question 12

Which approach to sources of evidence is recommended for nurses seeking answers to clinical questions?

A) Begin at the bottom of the pyramid by consulting individual studies, and move up the levels as necessary.
B) Begin at the top of the pyramid by utilizing integrative systems, and move down the levels as necessary.
C) Consult sources from multiple levels of the pyramid concurrently to gain a well-rounded answer.
D) Find relevant sources, locate where the sources would be on the pyramid, and move up or down the levels as necessary.

Question 13

If the facility does not have an electronic decision support system in place, which sources would nurses seeking answers to clinical questions consult first?

A) Summaries
B) Syntheses
C) Meta-analyses
D) Case studies

Question 14

A nurse seeking the answer to a clinical question is not able to find sufficient information in research summaries. Which level of evidence should the nurse consult next?

A) Meta-analyses
B) Syntheses
C) Synopses
D) Studies

Question 15

A nurse using Cochrane Library guidelines to write an intervention review of the use of antiseizure drugs to prevent migraines in specific patient populations is producing which type of evidence?

A) Case study
B) Traditional literature review
C) Integrative summary
D) Systematic review

Question 16

How should a nurse begin the search for information using the framework of the 5 Ss pyramid to best find information about a topic in a logical fashion?

A) "Systems" and work down the pyramid
B) "Summaries" and work down the pyramid
C) "Studies" and work up the pyramid
D) "Syntheses" and work up the pyramid

Question 17

A nurse manger reads about a research study that could potentially provide a dramatically better health outcome for patients at the point of care with a few minor adjustments in the nursing staff's daily routine. What ethical dilemma might this nurse face from using sources of other evidence?

A) Not labeling evidence correctly or being true to the process of review
B) Being overly enthusiastic about applying changes to practice
C) Not to adopting practice guidelines when the evidence is clear
D) Allocating resources inappropriately that could better be used elsewhere

Question 18

A nurse who has been unable to locate the answer to a clinical question in a systematic review of the relevant literature would next consult individual studies related to the topic.

Question 19

On the Pyramid of the 5 Ss, practice guidelines are classified as synopses because they are based on a systematic review of the existing evidence.

Question 20

A researcher interested in exploring definitions of grief would most likely author a concept analysis.