Deck 11: Parasitic Infections

Question 1

Parasites are metabolically dependent on other species but also contribute in some way to their survival.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Name a good example of a microparasite.

Answer 2

Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, etc.

Question 3

A mosquito would be an example of what kind of host?

Answer 3

An intermediate host

Question 4

Who is credited with one of the earliest descriptions of malaria?

A) Aristotle
B) Hippocrates
C) Galen
D) Avicenna
E) None of these is correct.

Question 5

Who is credited with the identification of the Plasmodium spp.?

A) Alphonse Laveran
B) Patrick Manson
C) Ronald Ross
D) A, B, and C were codiscoverers
E) None of these is correct.

Question 6

The WHO has estimated there are about ______________ malaria cases worldwide and about _________ deaths annually from the disease.

Question 7

List the five human malarias. Which two cause the most deaths?

Question 8

The sexual stage of the Plasmodium spp. occurs in the human.

Question 9

About how many anopheline species transmit malaria?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
E) > 60

Question 10

Holoendemic regions are those where most, if not all, inhabitants harbor Plasmodium spp.

Question 11

What does EIR stand for?

A) Ecological infection rate
B) Entomological infection rate
C) Exponential infection rate
D) A and B
E) None of these is correct.

Question 12

The lower the Davidson Stability Index (DSI), the more active the malaria transmission.

Question 13

Who identified Trypanosoma cruzi?

A) Carlos Chagas
B) Oswaldo Cruz
C) Alphonse Lavaren
D) Ronald Ross
E) Patrick Manson

Question 14

Name one insect in which T. cruzi is commonly found.

Question 15

What is the swelling at the corner of this child's eye called?

Question 16

The BENEFIT clinical trial assessed the efficacy of what drug(s) for the treatment of Chagas disease?

A) Benzodiazapam
B) Benznidazole
C) Benzamycin
D) Banzodiazapem
E) All of these are correct.

Question 17

Chagas disease remains a significant public health issue in what region(s)?

A) Central America
B) South America
C) North America
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 18

What is Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) also known as?

Question 19

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense occurs primarily in what region?

A) East Africa
B) West Africa
C) Southeast Asia
D) North Africa
E) India

Question 20

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense occurs primarily in what region?

A) East Africa
B) West Africa
C) Southeast Asia
D) North Africa
E) India

Question 21

What are the names of each of these species? What is their common name?

Question 22

What does Winterbottom's sign look like?

Question 23

C. hominis and C. parvum account for about what percent of human cryptosporidiosis?

A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) > 90%

Question 24

How does transmission of cryptosporidiosis usually occur?

Question 25

One of the most infamous cryptosporidiosis outbreaks occurred where in 1993?

A) St. Paul, Minnesota
B) Milwaukee, Wisconsin
C) St. Louis, Missouri
D) Chicago, Illinois
E) Minneapolis, Minnesota

Question 26

What are the three categories of helminths?

Question 27

Schistosoma mansoni is an example of what type of helminth? Necator americanus? T. solium?

Question 28

Aquatic snails are intermediate hosts for what parasitic infection?

Question 29

S. japonicum typically migrates where?

A) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the small intestine
B) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the large intestine
C) To the urinary bladder's venous plexus and may also travel to the rectal venule
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 30

S. mansoni typically migrates where?

A) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the small intestine
B) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the large intestine
C) To the urinary bladder's venous plexus and may also travel to the rectal venule
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 31

S. haematobium typically migrates where?

A) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the small intestine
B) To the superior mesenteric veins that drain the large intestine
C) To the urinary bladder's venous plexus and may also travel to the rectal venule
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 32

Approximately how many cases of schistosomiasis occur worldwide each year, mostly in agricultural areas?

A) 100 million
B) 200 million
C) 300 million
D) 400 million
E) > 500 million

Question 33

The two hookworms of public health importance for humans are?

Question 34

Biting plates characterize the mouthparts of _________________ and sturdy tooth-like structures characterize the mouthparts of ________________.

Question 35

List two clinical signs of hookworm infection.

Question 36

This photo illustrates what initial symptom of hookworm disease?

Question 37

Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi cause what disease?

Question 38

What is this condition commonly known as?

Question 39

Onchocerciasis is transmitted by what insect?

A) Culex spp.
B) Simulium spp.
C) Lutzomyia spp.
D) Aedes spp.
E) Rhodnius spp.

Question 40

What are ocular onchocerciasis infections commonly known as?

Question 41

Dermal onchocerciasis infections produce what clinical signs?