Question 1

In MeSh language, a child is defined as a person who is 4 to 10 years old.

Accepted Answer

In MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), a child is typically defined as a person from birth to 12 years old, not specifically 4 to 10 years old.

Question 2

When interpreting results of a systematic review, studies that find no statistically significant results for an item of interest are just as valuable as those that find a significant association.

Accepted Answer

Studies with no statistically significant results help provide a complete picture of the evidence, reduce publication bias, and contribute to understanding the true effect size in systematic reviews.

Question 3

Which statistic is reported as a percentage from 0% to 100%, where higher percentages indicate a greater presence of heterogeneity? A) Kappa statistic B) Chi-square statistic C) Cochran's Q statistic D) I² statistic

Accepted Answer

The I² statistic is reported as a percentage from 0% to 100% and is used to quantify the degree of heterogeneity in meta-analyses. Higher percentages indicate a greater presence of heterogeneity among the studies.

Question 4

Which of the following are the two main threats to the validity of a meta-analysis?&#10;A) Poor quality of included studies and publication bias&#10;B) Poor quality of included studies and information bias&#10;C) Publication bias and information bias&#10;D) Information bias and assessment bias

Accepted Answer

Poor quality of included studies can lead to unreliable results, and publication bias can skew the findings by over-representing positive results.

Question 5

Which of the following is defined as looking up every article cited by eligible articles in order to identify other articles that might be relevant but not indexed in the selected databases?&#10;A) Brainstorming&#10;B) Snowballing&#10;C) Plagiarizing&#10;D) Validating

Accepted Answer

Snowballing is a method used in research to identify additional relevant articles by examining the references cited in eligible articles.

Deck 26: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses