Deck 7: The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

Question 1

The palms of the hand are supported by the ________.

A) metacarpal bones
B) metatarsal bones
C) carpal bones
D) distal phalanges
E) All of the answers are correct.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The ________ of the humerus articulates with the radius.

A) trochlea
B) olecranon
C) anatomical neck
D) surgical neck
E) capitulum

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The groove in the proximal epiphysis on the anterior surface of the ulna that articulates with the humerus is called the ________.

A) coronoid process
B) intertubercular sulcus
C) radial groove
D) trochlear notch
E) olecranon fossa

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The ________ is the most fractured carpal bone.

A) scaphoid
B) capitate
C) pisiform
D) trapezium
E) trapezoid

Question 5

Which of the following is a bone in the distal row that forms a proximal articulation with the scaphoid?

A) hamate
B) lunate
C) pisiform
D) trapezium
E) capitate

Question 6

The space between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is called the ________.

A) surgical neck
B) coronoid fossa
C) intertubercular sulcus
D) anatomic neck
E) intercondylar fossa

Question 7

The carpal bone that articulates with metacarpal III is the ________.

A) trapezoid
B) scaphoid
C) lunate
D) hamate
E) capitate

Question 8

The pectoral girdle, upper limb bones, pelvic girdle, and lower limb bones make up the ________.

A) axial skeleton
B) appendicular skeleton
C) pelvis
D) thoracic cage
E) vertebral column

Question 9

On the humerus, the olecranon process of the ulna projects into the ________ when the arm is extended.

A) coronoid fossa
B) intertubercular sulcus
C) radial fossa
D) olecranon fossa
E) trochlear notch

Question 10

Which of the following is a structure located on the ulna?

A) olecranon
B) supraspinous fossa
C) spine
D) trochlea
E) glenoid cavity

Question 11

The capitulum is a part of the ________.

A) scapula
B) ulna
C) humerus
D) radius
E) clavicle

Question 12

Which of the following is a large process that projects anteriorly from the lateral end of the scapular spine?

A) acromion
B) trochlea
C) coracoid process
D) coronoid process
E) capitulum

Question 13

The depression on the distal end of the anterior humerus is (the)________.

A) olecranon fossa
B) coronoid fossa
C) intercondylar fossa
D) intertubercular groove
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 14

The only point of direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is at (the)________.

A) sternal end of the clavicle
B) acromial end of the clavicle
C) acromion process of the scapula
D) coracoid process of the scapula
E) glenoid cavity

Question 15

The ulnar nerve crosses the posterior surface of the ________ of the humerus.

A) deltoid tuberosity
B) medial epicondyle
C) radial groove
D) head
E) lateral epicondyle

Question 16

The point of the elbow is formed by the ________ of the ulna.

A) supraglenoid tubercle
B) infraglenoid tubercle
C) radial tuberosity
D) olecranon process
E) infraspinous fossa

Question 17

The proximal radio-ulnar joint permits medial or lateral rotation of the ________.

A) ulnar notch
B) radial head
C) radial tuberosity
D) ulnar head
E) humerus

Question 18

At the distal end of the radius, the ________ on the lateral surface stabilizes the joint.

A) head
B) trochlea
C) styloid process
D) ulnar notch
E) capitulum

Question 19

The connection between the humerus and the scapula is called the ________ joint.

A) glenohumeral
B) sternoclavicular
C) radioulnar
D) interosseous
E) intertubercular

Question 20

The surgical neck of the humerus corresponds to (the)________.

A) metaphysis of the bone
B) proximal epiphysis of the bone
C) diaphysis of the bone
D) distal epiphysis of the bone
E) humeral epicondyle

Question 21

The distal tip of the fibula ________.

A) articulates with the distal end of the femur
B) contains a ridge called the linea aspera
C) has an intercondylar foramen
D) forms the lateral malleolus
E) articulates with the calcaneus

Question 22

When seated, the body weight is borne by the ________.

A) pubic ramus
B) ischial tuberosities
C) greater sciatic notch
D) posterior superior iliac spine
E) posterior inferior iliac spine

Question 23

Compared with the pectoral girdle, the pelvic girdle is ________.

A) less strongly anchored to the axial skeleton
B) more robust, adapted for weight bearing and locomotion
C) composed of more separate bones
D) more flexible and freely movable
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 24

The last two metatarsals articulate with the ________.

A) navicular
B) talus
C) intermediate cuneiform
D) cuboid
E) calcaneus

Question 25

The medial condyle of the femur articulates with the ________.

A) fibular lateral condyle
B) tibial medial condyle
C) intercondylar eminence
D) fibular medial condyle
E) tibial lateral condyle

Question 26

The large process of the femur that projects laterally from the junction of the neck and shaft is the ________.

A) lesser trochanter
B) linea aspera
C) greater trochanter
D) gluteal tuberosity
E) medial supracondylar ridge

Question 27

The bones of the pelvis ________.

A) are bones of the axial skeleton only
B) are bones of the appendicular skeleton only
C) include both axial and appendicular elements
D) include two prominent sesamoid bones
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 28

There are ________ phalanges in the appendicular skeleton.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 28
D) 40
E) 56

Question 29

The lateral and medial condyles of the tibia are separated by the ________.

A) tibial tuberosity
B) soleal line
C) linea aspera
D) intercondylar eminence
E) medial malleolus

Question 30

In the ankle, the largest tarsal bone is the ________.

A) navicular bone
B) talus
C) calcaneus
D) cuboid bone
E) medial cuneiform bone

Question 31

The fibula ________.

A) forms an important part of the knee joint
B) articulates with the femur
C) transfers weight to the ankle and foot
D) provides stability to the ankle
E) is the medial bone of the leg

Question 32

Which structure is found immediately superior to the inferior iliac notch?

A) ischial spine
B) anterior superior iliac spine
C) posterior superior iliac spine
D) anterior inferior iliac spine
E) posterior inferior iliac spine

Question 33

The bony edge of the lesser pelvis is called the ________.

A) pubic symphysis
B) pelvic brim
C) pelvic outlet
D) iliopectineal line
E) ischial tuberosity

Question 34

The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the ________.

A) sacrum
B) coccyx
C) lumbar spine
D) coxal bone
E) tibia

Question 35

In the hip bones, the pubic and ischial rami encircle the ________.

A) symphysis pubis
B) acetabulum
C) greater sciatic notch
D) lesser sciatic notch
E) obturator foramen

Question 36

The second largest bone in the foot is the ________.

A) talus
B) calcaneus
C) medial cuneiform
D) second metatarsal
E) lateral cuneiform

Question 37

The patella ________.

A) is a sesamoid bone
B) is normally on the lateral aspect of the knee joint
C) has a smooth, concave anterior surface
D) forms part of a ball and socket joint
E) forms within the tendon of the vastus medialis muscle

Question 38

The largest bone of the pelvic girdle is the ________.

A) pubis
B) ischium
C) sacrum
D) ilium
E) acetabulum

Question 39

The crural interosseous membrane extends between the ________.

A) radius and ulna
B) tibia and fibula
C) femur and tibia
D) patella and femur
E) talus and calcaneus

Question 40

Compared with that of females, the male coccyx ________.

A) contains more fused vertebrae
B) points anteriorly
C) fuses at an earlier age
D) is relatively larger and longer
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 41

Which region of the hip is affected by developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A) ischial tuberosity
B) ischial ramus
C) obturator foramen
D) greater sciatic notch
E) acetabulum

Question 42

What is the significance of the more massive pelvic bones compared to those of the pectoral girdle and the strong bone-to-bone attachments of the pelvic girdle of the lower extremity to the axial skeleton?

Question 43

A roughened projection on the posterolateral border of the coxall bone is called the ischial tuberosity.

Question 44

The longest, heaviest bone in the body is the ________.

A) tibia
B) femur
C) fibula
D) ilium
E) ischium

Question 45

A depression on the posterior side of the humerus is called the coronoid fossa.

Question 46

The coronoid process forms the inferior lip of the trochlear notch.

Question 47

The depression in the head of the femur where a stabilizing ligament attaches is called the fovea.

Question 48

Which of the following is true of the bony matrix of the skeleton as people age?

A) Its composition remains constant throughout life.
B) Its mineral content diminishes as a normal part of aging.
C) It gains calcium carbonate while losing calcium phosphate.
D) The proportion of collagen fibers in the matrix increases with age.
E) Fusion of the trabeculae of spongy bone occurs.

Question 49

Fusion of the epiphyseal cartilages begins at about age ________.

A) 6 months
B) 3 years
C) 10 years
D) 18 years
E) 35 years

Question 50

Closure of the fontanels is typically complete around the age of ________.

A) six months
B) one year
C) two years
D) 10 years
E) puberty

Question 51

When one stands normally, the body weight is distributed evenly between the ________ and the distal ends of the metatarsals.

A) cuboid
B) navicular
C) calcaneus
D) talus
E) hallux

Question 52

Which of the following pieces of information about an individual can be discerned from the skeleton?

A) age
B) sex
C) muscular development
D) body size
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 53

Differences between a young child's skeleton and that of a small adult include which of the following?

A) The child's skeleton has full dentition.
B) In the child's skeleton, a frontal suture is present until age 2-8.
C) There is a large mastoid process in the child's skeleton.
D) The external auditory meatus is larger in the child.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 54

Which event occurs first as an individual grows and ages?

A) The frontal suture closes.
B) The ossification centers of the occipital bone fuse.
C) The styloid process fuses to the temporal bone.
D) The adult dentition appears.
E) The hyoid bone finishes ossifying and fusing.

Question 55

How can the age of a skeleton be determined?

Question 56

Imagine you are a forensic osteologist teaching a course on differentiating the male skeleton from the female skeleton. Justify the reasoning that the pelvis is the best area to examine.

Question 57

Characteristics that specifically identify a skeletal element as belonging to a female include ________.

A) a bone approximately 10 percent heavier than many others of the same size
B) a bone with smaller prominences and a smoother surface
C) larger cranial sinuses
D) a long, narrow triangular sacrum with a prominent sacral curvature
E) a heart-shaped pelvic inlet

Question 58

The age of a skeleton can be determined from ________.

A) the number of carpals and tarsals
B) the number of ribs present
C) the degree of ossification of cranial sutures
D) the presence of irregular bones
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 59

The pubic angle tends to be greater than 100 degrees in males.

Question 60

Which of the following sports injuries, common in women, results from repetitive forces on the bone during running or jumping?

A) miserable misalignment
B) patellofemoral pain syndrome
C) claw feet
D) congenital talipes equinovarus
E) stress fracture

Question 61

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label G.

A) Capitulum
B) Deltoid tuberosity
C) Greater tubercle
D) Lesser tubercle
E) Trochlea

Question 62

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label B.

A) Trochlea
B) Lesser tubercle
C) Capitulum
D) Deltoid tuberosity
E) Greater tubercle

Question 63

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label I.

A) Infraglenoid tubercle
B) Spine
C) Body
D) Neck
E) Inferior angle

Question 64

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label A.

A) Greater tubercle
B) Capitulum
C) Trochlea
D) Olecranon
E) Lesser tubercle

Question 65

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label H.

A) Coracoid process
B) Infraglenoid tubercle
C) Supraspinous fossa
D) Body
E) Spine

Question 66

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label K.

A) Coronoid process
B) Acromion
C) Infraglenoid tubercle
D) Coracoid process
E) Spine

Question 67

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label J.

A) Glenoid cavity
B) Coracoid process
C) Acromion
D) Infraglenoid tubercle
E) Subscapular fossa

Question 68

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label O.

A) Spine
B) Infraglenoid tubercle
C) Coracoid process
D) Acromion
E) Infraspinous fossa

Question 69

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label L.

A) Anatomical neck
B) Head
C) Greater tubercle
D) Surgical neck
E) Lesser tubercle

Question 70

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label H.

A) Spine
B) Subscapular fossa
C) Coracoid process
D) Acromion
E) Coronoid process

Question 71

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label F.

A) Trochlea
B) Greater tubercle
C) Capitulum
D) Deltoid tuberosity
E) Lesser tubercle

Question 72

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label E.

A) Vertebral border
B) Inferior angle
C) Medial border
D) Lateral border
E) Lateral angle

Question 73

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label G.

A) Supraspinous fossa
B) Subscapular fossa
C) Glenoid cavity
D) Infraspinous fossa
E) Acromion

Question 74

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label E.

A) Inferior angle
B) Infraglenoid tubercle
C) Spine
D) Acromion
E) Infraspinous fossa

Question 75

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label A.

A) Coracoid process
B) Glenoid cavity
C) Subscapular fossa
D) Body
E) Acromion

Question 76

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label L.

A) Coracoid process
B) Acromion
C) Body
D) Glenoid cavity
E) Spine

Question 77

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label D.

A) Glenoid cavity
B) Acromion
C) Coracoid process
D) Body
E) Spine

Question 78

Figure 7.1

Using the above-referenced figures of the costal (anterior)and lateral views of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label R.

A) Spine
B) Acromion
C) Glenoid cavity
D) Coracoid process
E) Infraglenoid tubercle

Question 79

Figure 7.2

Using the above-referenced posterior view of the scapula, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label B.

A) Acromion
B) Spine
C) Infraspinous fossa
D) Supraspinous fossa
E) Subscapular fossa

Question 80

Figure 7.3

Using the above-referenced figure of the anterior view of the humerus, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label M.

A) Intertubercular sulcus
B) Greater tubercle
C) Deltoid tuberosity
D) Radial fossa
E) Olecranon fossa