Deck 3: The Health Belief Model

Question 1

A belief concerning the actual and imagined costs of following a new behavior is known as:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived barriers.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Feather's decision making under uncertainty model argues that action is based on (1) the subjective value or utility of attaining the goal and (2) the subjective probability or likelihood of attaining that goal.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Receiving a postcard from the doctor for a follow-up check is an example of:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) cues to action.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Distributing free condoms is an effective way to build self-efficacy.

Question 5

A subjective belief that a person has with regard to acquiring a disease or harmful state as a result of indulging in a particular behavior is known as:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived threat.

Question 6

Which theory describes behavior as a multiplicative relationship among expectancy, incentive, and motive?

A) Edwards's subjective expected utility model
B) Atkinson's risk taking model
C) Feather's decision making under uncertainty model
D) Rotter's reinforcement model

Question 7

Mentioning negative consequences about a behavior will modify perceived susceptibility.

Question 8

Statement A: The HBM originated from the work of a group of social psychologists in the U.S. Public Health Service in the 1950s.
Statement B: The HBM originated in an attempt to determine the reasons why few people were participating in tuberculosis screenings.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 9

Reassuring education recipients that the behavior they will be doing will have minimal costs will modify:

A) self-efficacy.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 10

Statement A: Some studies of HBM have found no role of perceived susceptibility, indicating that its constructs are unspecific and thus making it difficult to be tested.
Statement B: HBM focuses on synthetic truth that can be known through exploration and testing.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 11

One of the persons who first described the health belief model was:

A) Albert Bandura.
B) Godfrey Hochbaum.
C) James Prochaska.
D) Edward Tolman.

Question 12

Reducing stress associated with implementing a new behavior will modify:

A) self-efficacy.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 13

According to Tolman's performance behavior theory, behavior is a multiplicative relationship among expectancy, incentive, and motive.

Question 14

All of the following are limitations of the health belief model, except:

A) It does not lend itself very well to promotion of behaviors, particularly long-term behavior change.
B) The model lacks in consistent predictive power mainly because it focuses on a limited number of factors.
C) Different questions are used in different studies to determine the same beliefs, thereby making it difficult to compare across studies.
D) Constructs of the model do not provide specific guidance at the micro level for planning the "how to" part of interventions.

Question 15

A belief in the advantages of the methods suggested for reducing the risk or seriousness of the disease or harmful state resulting from a particular behavior is known as:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived threat.

Question 16

Perceived severity refers to the subjective belief in the extent of harm that can result from an acquired disease or harmful state as a result of a particular behavior.

Question 17

The theory that posits that behavior is based on the expectancy that a certain action will lead to a certain outcome and reinforcement based on previous learning is:

A) Edwards' s model.
B) Atkinson's model.
C) Feather's model.
D) Rotter's model.

Question 18

Distributing free condoms to promote safer sex is an example of modifying which construct of HBM?

A) Perceived susceptibility
B) Perceived severity
C) Perceived barriers
D) Self-efficacy

Question 19

Completing questions about an individual's cognition in the operationalization of HBM may change and create that individual's thinking rather than tapping into how exactly he or she thinks to begin with.

Question 20

HBM was influenced by the theory of Kurt Lewin, which is an example of:

A) learning theory.
B) attribution theory.
C) causal theory.
D) value expectancy theory.

Question 21

The health belief model was originally developed by a group of social psychologists to explain the:

A) frequency of illnesses in groups.
B) length of time from illness to wellness.
C) frequency of screening programs.
D) lack of interest in illness prevention.

Question 22

The health belief model may also be considered a value expectancy theory as it addresses:

A) determinants of behavioral decisions.
B) challenges to setting behavioral goals.
C) ability to work following an injury.
D) methods for prioritizing behavioral goals.

Question 23

The health educator is teaching a class on the consequences of neglecting to take high blood pressure medication. Which construct of the health belief model is the educator using in relating the story of a person who did not take his/her medication and now has permanent kidney damage?

A) Perceived susceptibility
B) Perceived severity
C) Cue to action
D) Self-efficacy

Question 24

A participant in an educational class acknowledges a belief in the benefits of taking high blood pressure medication, but states it's too expensive. This behavior alerts the health educator to which construct of the health belief model?

A) Perceived susceptibility
B) Perceived severity
C) Perceived barrier
D) Self-efficacy

Question 25

Which of the following represents an example of primary prevention and its use of the health belief model?

A) Refining a research instrument
B) Getting a hepatitis B vaccination
C) Studying the degree of smoking in college students
D) Adhering to medication for hypertension

Question 26

An example of secondary prevention and use of the health belief model is:

A) influenza vaccination.
B) infant mortality factor identification.
C) bicycle helmet use promotion.
D) tuberculosis screening.

Question 27

Research studies have found that the health belief model has been very useful in the promotion of long-term changes in behavior.

Question 28

Research has found several necessary factors missing from the health belief model, making it less predictable.

Question 29

Rotter's reinforcement model posits that behavior is based on the expectancy that a certain action will lead to a certain outcome and reinforcement based on previous learning.

Question 30

HBM is based on value expectancy theories.

Question 31

Perceived barriers refer to the belief in the advantages of the methods suggested for reducing the risk or seriousness of the disease or harmful state resulting from a particular behavior.

Question 32

Cues to action are the precipitating forces that make a person feel the need to take action.

Question 33

Self-efficacy is the self-confidence that a person has.

Question 34

Having a role model demonstrate the behavior will modify:

A) self-efficacy.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 35

The first theory developed exclusively for health-related behaviors is:

A) health belief model.
B) imitation theory.
C) social cognitive theory.
D) value expectancy theory.

Question 36

The health belief model is particularly useful for disease avoidance and injury avoidance and lends itself very well to the promotion of behaviors, particularly long-term behavior change.

Question 37

Actions taken by a person who feels sick and indulges in the behavior for the purpose of defining the state of his or her health and for discovering suitable remedies are known as:

A) preventive or health behaviors.
B) illness behaviors.
C) sick role behaviors.
D) perceived severity.

Question 38

A subjective belief regarding the extent of harm that can result from the acquired disease or harmful state as a result of a particular behavior is known as:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived threat.

Question 39

Self-efficacy can be built by all the following, except:

A) learning in large steps.
B) demonstration from credible role models.
C) using persuasion and reassurance.
D) reducing stress.

Question 40

Sick role behaviors constitute actions taken by a person who feels sick and indulges in the behavior for the purpose of defining the state of his or her health and for discovering suitable remedies.

Question 41

Mentioning serious negative consequences, such as that eating saturated fats causes heart disease, will modify:

A) perceived susceptibility.
B) perceived severity.
C) perceived benefits.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 42

HBM originated from the work of Godfrey Hochbaum, Stephen Kegels, and Irwin Rosenstock.

Question 43

Perceived threat refers to the subjective belief that a person has with regard to acquiring a disease or harmful state as a result of indulging in a particular behavior.

Question 44

Subjective belief that a person may acquire a disease or enter a harmful state as a result of a particular behavior in HBM is called:

A) perceived benefits.
B) perceived susceptibility.
C) perceived severity.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 45

Belief in the advantages of the methods suggested for reducing the risk or seriousness of the disease or harmful state resulting from a particular behavior in HBM is called:

A) perceived benefits.
B) perceived susceptibility.
C) perceived severity.
D) perceived barriers.

Question 46

A video demonstrating a person doing strength training on a gym machine in small steps modifies which construct of HBM?

A) Perceived benefits
B) Perceived severity
C) Cues to action
D) Self-efficacy

Question 47

A video about youth with STDs and HIV in a program for high school students is likely to influence which construct of HBM?

A) Perceived susceptibility
B) Perceived severity
C) Cues to action
D) Self-efficacy

Question 48

A precipitating force that makes a person feel the need to take action in HBM is known as:

A) a perceived benefit.
B) perceived severity.
C) a cue to action.
D) self-efficacy.

Question 49

The decision making under uncertainty model was proposed by:

A) Atkinson.
B) Edwards.
C) Feather.
D) Rotter.