Deck 11: The Media

Question 1

Sources of information, including print, radio, television, and the Internet, that reach a large number of people are known as

A) media.
B) grand media.
C) mass media.
D) mass broadcasting.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Framing refers to

A) the media's power to influence the importance that the public places on issues.
B) the media's ability to shape how viewers interpret political events and issues.
C) the media's power to use other stories to prepare viewers to perceive a news story in a specific way.
D) None of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Agenda setting refers to

A) the media's power to influence the importance that the public places on issues.
B) the media's ability to shape how viewers interpret political events and issues.
C) the media's power to use other stories to prepare viewers to perceive a news story in a specific way.
D) None of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

There is evidence that the Russian-linked Internet Research Agency in 2020 sought to increase support for what Democratic presidential candidate, based on the assumption that this would help Trump win?

A) Kamala Harris
B) Bernie Sanders
C) Elizabeth Warren
D) Pete Buttigieg

Question 5

Early in the American political system, newspapers were

A) not influential.
B) highly opinionated.
C) mot biased.
D) None of the above

Question 6

Nineteenth-century newspapers that eschewed coverage of politics and instead focused on human interest stories were known as

A) the parallel press.
B) the penny press.
C) yellow journalism.
D) the printing press.

Question 7

A form of journalism popular during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries that sensationalized stories and distorted facts to sell more papers was known as

A) the parallel press.
B) the penny press.
C) yellow journalism.
D) the printing press.

Question 8

Newspapers and other forms of media geared toward specific racial and ethnic minority groups are known as

A) the parallel press.
B) the penny press.
C) yellow journalism.
D) the printing press.

Question 9

In the early nineteenth century, newspapers were controlled by

A) political parties.
B) religious organizations.
C) interest groups.
D) All of the above

Question 10

Early nineteenth-century media

A) expressed and perpetuated negative racial stereotypes about non-Whites.
B) Eepressed and perpetuated positive racial stereotypes about non-Whites.
C) expressed and perpetuated negative racial stereotypes about Whites.
D) did not give any attention to racial matters.

Question 11

Negative portrayals of Mexicans in the media in the 1840s

A) had no influence on politics.
B) helped Mexican Americans gain political positions of power.
C) caused Americans to discourage immigration.
D) increased American support for the Mexican-American War.

Question 12

Which group used newspapers to advocate the end of slavery and, in some cases, the recolonization of the slaves?

A) Colonists
B) Abolitionists
C) Secessionists
D) Anti-Federalists

Question 13

Which of the following was not an abolitionist newspaper?

A) The Chicago Defender
B) The Liberator
C) The Genius of Universal Emancipation
D) The North Star

Question 14

Which of the following was an abolitionist who published the most influential abolition periodical?

A) William Randolph Hearst
B) William Lloyd Garrison
C) Abraham Lincoln
D) John Brown

Question 15

Frederick Douglass's abolitionist newspaper was called

A) The Chicago Defender
B) The Liberator
C) The Genius of Universal Emancipation
D) The North Star

Question 16

The first major newspaper operated by an African American was called

A) The Chicago Defender
B) The Liberator
C) The Genius of Universal Emancipation
D) The North Star

Question 17

Which of the following was rarely reported in newspapers engaging in yellow journalism?

A) "Miracle cures"
B) Scientific hoaxes
C) Accurate political news stories
D) Sensationalized crime and vice stories

Question 18

How did the San Francisco Examiner portray Chinese and Japanese immigrants?

A) It portrayed them in a highly positive and flattering light.
B) It did not include portrayals of these groups.
C) It portrayed them in a negative, false, and racialized light.
D) None of the above

Question 19

In the late 19^th century, The New York Times referred to American Indians as

A) noble, civilized, and essentially American.
B) semicivilized, wild, and predatory.
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 20

In general, aside from issues concerning racial and ethnic minority groups, the New York Times was different from many other periodicals in that it largely

A) reported accurate information.
B) reported human interest stories.
C) reported sensationalized crime and vice stories.
D) reported and perpetuated scientific racism.

Question 21

The first edition of The Liberator was published in

A) 1659.
B) 1773.
C) 1831.
D) 1865.

Question 22

What was one of the main purposes of the parallel press?

A) To counteract the stereotypical portrayals of racial and ethnic minorities in the more traditional press
B) To perpetuate stereotypical portrayals of racial and ethnic minorities for political purposes
C) To make money by reporting sensationalized stories
D) None of the above

Question 23

Which of the following did not have an African American publisher?

A) The Liberator
B) Memphis Free Speech
C) The North Star
D) The Chicago Defender

Question 24

Which of the following is still a leading African American newspaper?

A) The Liberator
B) Memphis Free Speech
C) The North Star
D) The Chicago Defender

Question 25

Which of the following encouraged Southern African Americans to move to Northern cities to have better economic opportunities and face less discrimination?

A) The Liberator
B) Memphis Free Speech
C) The North Star
D) The Chicago Defender

Question 26

Which of the following was published by an African American woman?

A) The Liberator
B) Memphis Free Speech
C) The North Star
D) The Chicago Defender

Question 27

The first Spanish-language newspapers in America were founded in San Francisco in the

A) 1830s.
B) 1850s.
C) 1870s.
D) 1890s.

Question 28

What have been the main purposes of twentieth-century Latino and Asian American newspapers?

A) Provide news concerning issues relevant to Latino immigrants
B) Provide news concerning countries from which some Latinos have immigrated
C) Provide news concerning issues pertaining to life in the United States
D) All of the above

Question 29

Tribal newspapers largely

A) report news relevant to a specific tribe and its governing institutions.
B) report national news as found in most media outlets.
C) report news specific to issues affecting American Indians throughout the nation.
D) None of the above

Question 30

Pan-Indian newspapers largely

A) report news relevant to a specific tribe and its governing institutions.
B) report national news as found in most media outlets.
C) report news specific to issues affecting American Indians throughout the nation.
D) None of the above

Question 31

When did radio broadcasting first flourish?

A) 1910s
B) 1920s
C) 1930s
D) 1940s

Question 32

How did political leaders originally feel about radio broadcasting?

A) They saw it as an interesting technological advance that was only useful for entertainment.
B) They saw it as a useful tool to broadly and quickly disseminate their messages.
C) They saw it as a dangerous new medium that could not be trusted.
D) None of the above

Question 33

Which event was instrumental in shaping public opinion concerning the civil rights movement?

A) 1963 March on Washington
B) Police brutality against civil rights protesters in Alabama
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 34

Why do some argue that the media did not help advance civil rights?

A) Various media outlets outside of the South carried stories about the movement that were negative in tone.
B) Various media outlets were decreasing their coverage of civil rights demonstrations and issues at the height of the movement.
C) The media generally reinforced negative racial stereotypes.
D) All of the above

Question 35

How have cable and satellite television altered how media covers politics?

A) They have increased the popularity of network news stations.
B) They are able to broadcast concerning the news throughout the 24-hour period.
C) They have moved away from politics coverage because it is not profitable.
D) None of the above

Question 36

Which of the following is not a cable news station?

A) CNN
B) FoxNews
C) HGTV
D) C-SPAN

Question 37

Which racialized issue has Lou Dobbs, a news network host, worked consistently at framing in a negative light?

A) Civil rights for Blacks
B) Illegal immigration
C) Cross-burning
D) All of the above

Question 38

The Daily Show is a

A) real news program.
B) fake news program that provide insightful commentary on current political issues.
C) real news program that provide insightful commentary on current political issues.
D) fake news program has very little influence.

Question 39

During the 2020 protests over the killing of George Floyd, John Oliver's Last Week Tonight devoted a significant portion of the show to a discussion of

A) how K-12 schools teach the history of race in America.
B) police violence toward communities of color.
C) the increase in hate crimes after Donald Trump took office.
D) race and racism in Trump's tweets.

Question 40

Which of the following individuals is not classified as a political satirist?

A) Stephen Colbert
B) Joe Scarborough
C) Mark Twain
D) Samantha Bee

Question 41

Which of the following is increasing most quickly in terms of its influence on politics?

A) Television
B) The Internet
C) Newspapers
D) Weekly magazines

Question 42

Throughout his presidency, how did President Obama deliver his radio address?

A) Through radio broadcast
B) Through television broadcast
C) Through YouTube
D) He has done away with this weekly address.

Question 43

A website on which the operator states his or her opinion, allows readers to post comments, and provides links to news stories and the like is known as a

A) diary.
B) reporter.
C) log.
D) blog.

Question 44

One of the major problems with politics coverage on the Internet is

A) it updates too quickly.
B) depending on the website, the facts might be less likely to be verified.
C) internet access is not always reliable.
D) None of the above

Question 45

Which of the following was not a false Internet rumor concerning President Obama?

A) He was born in Kenya.
B) He is secretly a Muslim.
C) He appeared in a hip-hop video.
D) All were Internet rumors.

Question 46

Why is social networking media increasingly important to politics?

A) It provides a means for communication and mobilization, particularly among younger populations.
B) Its importance has been overestimated.
C) It works as a means of directly increasing voter participation by allowing people to cast their ballots online.
D) It works hard to censor unpopular political ideas.

Question 47

Social networking media is recognized as having played an important role in the development of the

A) Afghanistan War.
B) Iraq War.
C) escalation of tensions with North Korea.
D) Arab Spring revolts.

Question 48

Racial minorities traditionally have been _______ in the media industry.

A) underrepresented
B) overrepresented
C) absent
D) vocal

Question 49

Which of the following groups has seen a significant increase in representation in the media industry recently?

A) Blacks
B) Latinos
C) Asian Americans
D) American Indians

Question 50

Which of the following groups has seen a slight decrease in representation in the broadcast television workforce between 2000 and 2019?

A) Blacks
B) Latinos
C) Asian Americans
D) All of the above

Question 51

By 2019, which of the following groups that was formerly overrepresented in 2000 among the radio broadcast workforce and radio and television news directors had witnessed a significant decline in this sort of representation?

A) Blacks
B) Latinos
C) Asian Americans
D) American Indians

Question 52

When did many newspapers begin to lose their profitability?

A) 1980s
B) 1990s
C) 2000s
D) 2010s

Question 53

What has led to the development of large corporate media outlets?

A) The government relaxed rules limiting one company's ability to own more than one media outlet within various markets.
B) The government tightened restrictions on small media outlets.
C) Internal consolidation of these outlets occurred.
D) Large, corporate media outlets do not exist because they are not allowed to get too big.

Question 54

After being bought by large corporations, local radio stations currently have

A) less economic stability.
B) less independence.
C) more independence.
D) None of the above

Question 55

What was not originally an intellectual occupation in the United States?

A) Political-office holding
B) Academia
C) Journalism
D) Business holding

Question 56

Journalists currently are more likely to pursue politics than average Americans, more educated than average Americans, and

A) less swayed by personal ideological biases than average Americans.
B) less able to differentiate between fact and fiction as compared to saverage American.
C) have a higher socioeconomic status than average Americans.
D) None of the above

Question 57

Journalists

A) do not attempt to hide their biases in their reporting.
B) attempt to hide their biases in their reporting.
C) seek to promote bias.
D) view the world with an unbiased view.

Question 58

Journalists

A) lean slightly more to the Democratic Party than the American public.
B) lean slightly more to the Republican Party than the American public.
C) are equally distributed across the partisan spectrum.
D) None of the above

Question 59

The public's focus on the liberal versus conservative bias of the media overlooks the media bias created by

A) race.
B) profit-seeking.
C) gender.
D) religion.

Question 60

The goal of increasing profits and ratings encourages

A) negative news coverage.
B) a focus on human interest stories.
C) positive news coverage.
D) a focus on fine arts coverage.

Question 61

Which of the following groups is not underrepresented in the media?

A) Women
B) Blacks
C) Latinos
D) Men

Question 62

Citizens' perceptions of government officials and institutions are largely based on

A) their occupations.
B) where they live.
C) how the media chooses to cover them.
D) their race.

Question 63

The relationship between political campaigns and the media is

A) negative.
B) one sided.
C) symbiotic.
D) nonexistent.

Question 64

The media's ability to influence how the public perceives politicians and candidates is known as

A) storytelling.
B) picturing.
C) preparing.
D) priming.

Question 65

During the 2020 election season, media outlets primed Donald Trump _______ and Joe Biden _______.

A) as corrupt, as old
B) negatively, positively
C) as old, as corrupt
D) positively, negatively

Question 66

Those elite journalists responsible for covering the president and key executive branch officials are known as the

A) president's press corps.
B) president's press group.
C) White House press group.
D) White House press corps.

Question 67

A member of the president's staff who conducts daily briefings with members of the media is called the

A) press secretary.
B) press czar.
C) secretary of state.
D) press handler.

Question 68

Formal question-and-answer sessions that the president or the press secretary holds with the White House press corps are called

A) press meetings.
B) media meetings.
C) press conferences.
D) media conferences.

Question 69

As president, Donald Trump regularly mistreated

A) Black reporters.
B) female reporters.
C) Latino reporters.
D) non-White reporters.

Question 70

How many racial and ethnic minorities have served as press secretary?

A) Zero
B) One
C) Two
D) Three

Question 71

How many women have served as press secretary?

A) Zero
B) One
C) Two
D) Three

Question 72

If, as a part of the White House press corps, you see that the president has arrived to speak, you know that you are most likely at a

A) daily meeting.
B) press conference.
C) State of the Union address.
D) None of the above

Question 73

In 2019, approximately _______ percent of all newspaper employees were women.

A) 22
B) 32
C) 42
D) 52

Question 74

How often do House and Senate party leaders schedule press briefings while Congress is in session?

A) Hourly
B) Daily
C) Weekly
D) Biweekly

Question 75

How does the government attempt to regulate the press?

A) Censorship
B) Prior restraint
C) Threatening to withhold funding
D) All of the above

Question 76

Government attempts to censor the press by preventing the publication of apparently objectionable material is called

A) prior restraint.
B) public restraint.
C) priority examination.
D) speech restriction.

Question 77

An independent regulatory commission that licenses and regulates the content of broadcast radio and television is called the

A) Federal Radio and Television Commission (FRTC).
B) Federal Broadcast Commission (FBC).
C) Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
D) None of the above

Question 78

Black Lives Matter originated on social media after the acquittal of _______ for the killing of _______.

A) George Zimmerman, Trayvon Martin
B) Darren Wilson, Michael Brown
C) Derek Chauvin, George Floyd
D) Timothy Leohmann, Tamir Rice

Question 79

Journalists do not have

A) a First Amendment right to publish their opinions.
B) a First Amendment right to withhold their sources.
C) a Fourth Amendment right against search and seizure of their media material.
D) All of the above

Question 80

When did the Supreme Court rule against the government's claim to prior restraint concerning the New York Times and the Pentagon Papers?

A) 1941
B) 1951
C) 1961
D) 1971