Deck 5: Ethical Applications of Informatics

Question 1

Identify moral dilemmas in healthcare informatics that would best be approached with the use of an ethical decision-making framework, such as the use of smartphones to interact with patients as well as to monitor and assess patient health.

Answer 1

No Answer

Question 2

Discuss the evolving healthcare ethics traditions within their social and historical contexts.

Answer 2

No Answer

Question 3

Differentiate among the theoretical approaches to healthcare ethics as they relate to the theorists' perspectives of individuals and their relationships.

Answer 3

No Answer

Question 4

Select one of the healthcare ethics theories and support its use in examining ethical issues in healthcare informatics.

Question 5

Select one of the healthcare ethics theories and argue against its use in examining ethical issues in healthcare informatics.

Question 6

Ethics is best described as:

A) a revolution in health care brought on by technologic change.
B) ever-changing principles that guide decision making.
C) a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers.
D) paradigmatic changes that involve rhythmic processes central to the healthcare system.

Question 7

An ethics approach that was applied to relatively homogenous societies where beliefs were similar and the majority of societal members shared common values is known as:

A) the Hippocratic tradition.
B) a casuist approach.
C) principlism.
D) antiprinciplism.

Question 8

Case-based ethical reasoning that considers the facts of a case in a sound, logical, and ordered or structured manner is known as:

A) principlism.
B) case-based ethics.
C) casuistry.
D) bioethical decision making.

Question 9

The bioethical standard of fidelity emphasizes:

A) confidentiality.
B) privacy.
C) truthfulness.
D) adhering to promises.

Question 10

Two ethics approaches that emphasize considerations for human needs and responsibility to meet needs are:

A) virtue and care ethics.
B) bioethics and casuistry.
C) beneficence and care ethics.
D) principlism and antiprinciplism.

Question 11

New technologies in digital communications, electronic health records, and telehealth raise issues related to:

A) comprehensiveness of care.
B) the digital divide.
C) justice and fidelity.
D) privacy and confidentiality.

Question 12

The main goal of any ethical decision is to:

A) promote professionalism.
B) generate knowledge.
C) reach a rational justifiable decision.
D) promote trust.

Question 13

Practice-based ethics as described by Husted and Husted (1995), focuses on:

A) bringing about human benefit.
B) normative approaches to ethics.
C) examining moral life.
D) understanding right or good action.

Question 14

New technologies used in health care, such as smartphones and Google Glass, create potential ethical issues associated with:

A) interoperability.
B) privacy and confidentiality.
C) the human technology interface.
D) cognitive load.

Question 15

In ethics theory, autonomy means:

A) personal responsibility.
B) acting alone.
C) freedom from controlling interferences.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 16

Professional obligations of nonmaleficence include:

A) not inflicting harm and not imposing risks of harm.
B) clear communications.
C) respect for cultural differences.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 17

A common thread in all ethics approaches is that they all are goal-oriented approaches to answering questions that have the potential for multiple acceptable answers.

Question 18

Ethical dilemmas arise when issues raise questions that cannot be answered with a simple, clearly defined rule, fact, or authoritative view.

Question 19

Principles of nonmaleficence are related to direct contacts with patients and do not apply to information published on health websites.

Question 20

A group of healthcare providers are meeting to discuss two different viewpoints on end-of-life care. Which of the following would the group consider?

A) Ethical standards
B) Personal values
C) The healthcare organization's mission/values
D) Qualitative studies

Question 21

A nurse is teaching a nursing student about the use of social media and health care. Which statement is correct by the nurse?

A) "Nurses must use social media cautiously to protect patients' rights."
B) "Social media is safe for nurses to use because individuals can restrict access to posts."
C) "Nurses can use social media at work as long as they don't post pictures of themselves with patients."
D) "Posts on social media can be deleted, so caution in posting is overrated."

Question 22

A nurse is considering a social convention about right and wrong human conduct that has formed a communal consensus, known as which of the following?

A) A moral
B) A right
C) A value
D) A bioethic

Question 23

A patient reviews inaccurate information about a medical condition on the Internet that results in a delay in care. This is a violation of which of the following?

A) Nonmaleficence
B) Confidentiality
C) Privacy
D) Ethical decision making

Question 24

A nurse is explaining justice in health care to a nursing student. Which statement is correct?

A) "Justice refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment no matter what is owed to a person."
B) "Justice refers to actions performed that contribute to the welfare of others."
C) "Justice refers to the individual's freedom from controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choices."
D) "Justice is intentionally imposing risks that are unreasonable and unintentionally but carelessly imposing risks."

Question 25

A team of healthcare providers is developing a treatment plan for a patient and should include which attributes of the patient?

A) The patient's quality of life
B) The setting of care
C) The health organization's mission and values
D) The social context of care

Question 26

A nurse researcher is reviewing relevant cases from a database. To uphold bioethics, which of the following should the nurse researcher consider next?

A) Situational context, including the patient's individual situation
B) Context of the setting, including the characteristics of the healthcare organization
C) Professional context, including the provider's characteristics
D) The social context and society's expectations

Question 27

A nurse is discussing options in the treatment plan with a patient who speaks another language. To enhance interaction and exchange of data and information, the nurse will use which of the following?

A) A technologically based translator
B) Another nurse to translate the information
C) A family member as a translator
D) An Internet website on the medical condition

Question 28

New technologies can violate patients' privacy and confidentiality.

Question 29

Virtue ethics focuses on the needs of others and the individual's responsibility to meet those needs.

Question 30

A patient is wearing an electrocardiographic device that connects with a mobile technology device. This system is designed to assist with which of the following?

A) Communicating data to a physician for proper diagnosis and treatment
B) Updating the patient's status when the patient is in a home environment
C) Communicating the patient's behaviors outside the health facility
D) Ensuring patient confidentiality and privacy in data transmission

Question 31

A nurse is participating on a multidisciplinary committee that is reviewing different viewpoints on a patient care dilemma. The committee's review relates to which of the following?

A) Bioethics
B) Standards
C) Morals
D) Values

Question 32

A nurse posts a photo of a patient and the nursing staff in an inpatient nursing facility on a social media site. The patient's name is not included in the post. The nurse is subsequently disciplined by administration for which of the following?

A) Violation of the patient's privacy and confidentiality
B) Violation of the other nursing staff's privacy and confidentiality
C) Violation of the healthcare organizations rights
D) Violation of personal ethics

Question 33

A patient is considering inconclusive evidence on both sides of medical choice and is questioning which choice to make. The nurse understands which of the following?

A) Uncertainty is stressful, and there is need for an ethical decision-making model to help one choose the best action.
B) The patient is experiencing uncertainty and needs help from family members to make a decision.
C) Uncertainty indicates that the patient does not have enough information, and the nurse should call the physician for more information.
D) The patient is uncertain about the decision, and no action should be taken until the physician decides for the patient.

Question 34

A nurse administrator is collaborating with leadership of a healthcare organization to make sure fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment is provided to all individuals in the facility. This type of treatment is an example of which of the following?

A) Justice
B) Autonomy
C) Beneficence
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 35

A nurse manager is using an ethical foundation to guide the nursing activities, which includes providing care, preventing harm, and maintaining relationships. Which of the following is the ethical foundation being used?

A) Care ethics
B) Casuist ethics
C) Virtue ethics
D) Justice ethics

Question 36

To uphold ethics in a patient's care, which of the following must the nurse ensure?

A) That a rational, justifiable decision is reached
B) That nonmaleficence is avoided
C) That justice is maintained
D) That beneficence is provided

Question 37

A nurse is considering the ethics of a patient care dilemma and develops a list of alternative options. This effort requires the nurse to use which of the following?

A) Critical thinking skills
B) Knowledge of rules and laws
C) Worst-case options
D) The role of key players

Question 38

Systematic and flexible ethical decision-making abilities are essential for all nurses.

Question 39

Principlism has decreased as societies became more heterogeneous, and societies began experiencing diversity of beliefs and values.