Deck 4: Epidemiology

Question 1

The first example of the use of epidemiology was the study of what disease epidemic that struck London in 1848?

A) Measles
B) Cholera
C) Smallpox
D) Tuberculosis

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Stringent requirements for cleaning of cooling towers and large-scale air-conditioning systems were introduced as a result of the epidemic of what disease that occurred in Philadelphia in July of 1976?

A) Measles
B) Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome
C) Legionnaires' Disease
D) Tuberculosis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What aspect of the Framingham Study was instituted in 1994 and included a more diverse sampling of Framingham residents?

A) Framingham Offspring Study
B) Omni Cohort
C) New Offspring Spouse Cohort
D) Second Generation Omni Cohort

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In Snow's original study on cholera, the source of drinking water made an 80% difference in the number of deaths.

Question 5

Government collection of vital statistics can make an enormous difference in the length and quality of citizens' lives.

Question 6

Because hepatitis is a notifiable disease, the local public health department is able to recognize when an outbreak occurs.

Question 7

Epidemiologic studies of chronic diseases are much less complicated and difficult than investigations of acute outbreaks of infectious diseases or toxic contamination.

Question 8

After World War II, one in every five men was affected with heart disease before the age of 60 and little was known about why.

Question 9

Chronic disease generally has complex causes and, therefore, complex solutions.

Question 10

The _________________________ is the usual and expected rate of frequency of a disease.

Question 11

An epidemiologic investigation requires asking the who, where, and when questions. This kind of medical detective work is nicknamed _________________________.

Question 12

Rather than speaking about causes of chronic disease, it is more precise to discuss _________________________.

Question 13

Modern epidemiology involves history since finding the causes of chronic diseases requires looking back for _________________________.

Question 14

whats the terms to the appropriate description.
-Studies the patterns of disease occurrence in human populations and the factors that influence these patterns.

Question 15

whats the terms to the appropriate description.
-An increase in the frequency of a disease above the usual and expected rate

Question 16

whats the terms to the appropriate description.
-Count cases of a disease and ask who, when, and where questions

Question 17

whats the terms to the appropriate description.
-A major line of defense in protecting the public against disease

Question 18

whats the medical condition with the appropriate description.
-Epidemic linked to the water of a cooling tower used for air conditioning

Question 19

whats the medical condition with the appropriate description.
-Epidemic linked to an amino acid found in many foods such as meat, fish, poultry, and cheese.

Question 20

whats the medical condition with the appropriate description.
-The leading cause of death in the United States for both men and women

Question 21

whats the medical condition with the appropriate description.
-Epidemiologic study began soon after the Framingham Study

Question 22

Epidemiology is used to perform what function of public health?

A) Assurance
B) Policy development
C) Assessment
D) Analysis

Question 23

Cryptosporidiosis was added to the national list of notifiable diseases in 1995 after a widespread outbreak in which American city?

A) Milwaukee
B) Cincinnati
C) Chicago
D) Minneapolis

Question 24

The eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome outbreak resembled an illness with similar symptoms that affected some 20,000 people in Spain as a result of what household item being contaminated?

A) Bottled water
B) Cooking oil
C) Chlorine bleach
D) Brown sugar

Question 25

With some diseases, even a single case amounts to an epidemic.

Question 26

The initially identified outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease occurred in 1976 in Denver.

Question 27

The initially identified outbreak of Legionnaires' disease was caused by the bacterial contamination of a cooling tower.

Question 28

Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome is caused by contaminated tryptophan supplements.

Question 29

Except for the clear link between smoking and lung cancer, most chronic diseases cannot be attributed to a single cause.

Question 30

The Framingham Study and the two lung cancer studies are examples of retrospective cohort studies which followed large numbers of people over extended periods of time.

Question 31

The study on the cholera outbreak that struck London in 1848 was conduct by British physician _______________, who is known as the father of modern epidemiology.

Question 32

A county may normally record only a few cases of hepatitis each year, this represents the ______________, the background level in a population.

Question 33

Hepatitis A is a ______________ disease in all 50 states.

Question 34

The time when the leading cause of death in the United States switched from infectious to chronic disease was the ______________.

Question 35

Whats the area in which it occurred of the outbreak?
-Cholera

Question 36

Whats the area in which it occurred of the outbreak?
-Cryptosporidiosis

Question 37

Whats the area in which it occurred of the outbreak?
-Legionnaires' disease

Question 38

Whats the area in which it occurred of the outbreak?
-Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome

Question 39

Whats the appropriate description of the study?
-The first major epidemiologic study of a chronic disease

Question 40

Whats the appropriate description of the study?
-Included 5000 children and the spouses of the original participants of the Framingham Heart Study

Question 41

Whats the appropriate description of the study?
-Instituted in 1994 and included a more diverse sampling of Framingham residents

Question 42

Whats the appropriate description of the study?
-Added in 2002 and enrolled grandchildren of the original participants of the Framingham Heart Study