Deck 14: Early Jewish and Christian, Byzantine, and Medieval Art

Question 1

Individual groups in the diverse late Roman world asserted their identity through:

A) Artistic style from conventions
B) Subject matter appropriate to the group
C) Realistic portrayals of group members
D) Mural paintings created in fresco

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The paintings in early Christian catacombs:

A) Combine Roman style and religious stories
B) Combine Christian escape from persecution and Roman subject matter
C) Identify the names of the dead and promote Roman order
D) Allude to salvation and the Roman gods

Answer 2

A

Question 3

An important influence on the architecture of Old St. Peter's (figure 14.6A and B) was the Roman:

A) Atrium
B) Basilica
C) Catacombs
D) Motif

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Old St. Peter's (figure 14.7A and B) featured:

A) Room for numerous people and a catacomb
B) Light and pointed arches
C) A nave and aisles
D) A nave and flying buttresses

Question 5

In the San Vitale mosaic (figure 14.11), symbols signal that Emperor Justinian is the leader of the EARTHLY realm because he is:

A) Holding a dish for the Eucharist
B) Standing with twelve men
C) Standing solidly on the floor
D) Wearing a purple robe like a Roman Emperor

Question 6

The elongated bodies and wide, staring eyes of the San Vitale mosaic of Emperor Justinian (figure 14.11) reflect:

A) His divine authority
B) The transition from the Roman world
C) The use of colored glass
D) His connection to Constantine

Question 7

An artwork believed to have powers to convey messages to God is:

A) An encaustic
B) A chalice
C) An icon
D) A mosaic

Question 8

The iconoclast controversy was based on:

A) Distrust of images in general and wanting more religious ritual
B) Suspicion of idolatry and belief that God was punishing the Byzantine Empire
C) Preference for a naturalistic style rather than the otherworldly style
D) Patriotism in the Byzantine Empire and loyalty to the emperor and empress

Question 9

Abstract, geometric designs of interlocking creatures are characteristic of:

A) Carolingian art
B) Animal style
C) Icons
D) Symmetrical patterns

Question 10

Romanesque churches were meant to impress:

A) Pilgrims
B) Muslims
C) Carolingians
D) The French

Question 11

Romanesque churches featured what architectural elements that harkened back to Roman times?

A) Flying buttresses
B) Tiny windows in the walls
C) Naturalistic reliefs
D) Round arches

Question 12

How did Romanesque churches promote a faithful way of life?

A) By including barrel vaults
B) By looking back to Roman times
C) By featuring complex sculptural programs
D) By depicting the everyday world

Question 13

Technological innovation and a new view that focuses on holy figures' humanity may have influenced the establishment of:

A) Gothic style
B) Pilgrimages
C) Monasteries
D) Animal style

Question 14

Flying buttresses transfer forces to the ground even though located:

A) On the exterior
B) In the side aisles
C) Against stained-glass windows
D) In the interior

Question 15

Artists in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries increased naturalism in their art by focusing on ______ in the North and ______ in Italy.

A) Precise details / an illusion of solid figures
B) Convincing three-dimensional space / details of the secular world
C) An illusion of solid figures / convincing highlights and shadows
D) Illuminated manuscripts / painted frescos

Question 16

Late Roman Empire art was strictly controlled by the Empire and included only Roman elements.

Question 17

The catacombs are an important place where early Christian art can be found.

Question 18

Some people in the Byzantine Empire worried that icons were being used improperly.

Question 19

Romanesque churches featured pointed arches.

Question 20

A focus on Christ's and Mary's kindness influenced the Gothic.

Question 21

Old St. Peter's (figure 14.6A and B) was based on a Roman building called a _______ .

Question 22

The Justinian mosaic in San Vitale (figure 14.11) shows the emperor as having both worldly and ______ authority.

Question 23

The destruction of religious images is called _______ .

Question 24

The abstract, geometric style of interlocking creatures created by people in the early medieval period is called _______ style.

Question 25

Pilgrims in the Romanesque period often traveled great distances to see and honor objects or remains associated with holy people that were held in ______ .

Question 26

Old St. Peter's (figure 14.6A and B) with Amiens Cathedral (figure 14.21A and B). What architectural elements have stayed the same? Which have changed?

Question 27

Consider the mosaic depicting Emperor Justinian and his attendants (figure 14.11). What other examples can you think of where art is used to express the authority of the ruler? Is it the same kind of power Justinian is claiming? Give specific examples.

Question 28

and contrast the image from the Bayeux Tapestry of Harold swearing a scared oath to William (figure 14.17) with the Limbourg brother's depiction of October (figure 14.25). In what way are the images similar and in what way are they different?

Question 29

Explain how the design and engineering of churches changed from the Romanesque to the Gothic. How did this affect the way that people experienced those spaces?

Question 30

and contrast the different ways that Northern and Italian artists began to address a new interest in naturalism during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Give specific examples.