Deck 8: Analyzing Inequalities in Education

Question 1

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-The variable DWELOWN is best described as:

A) a dummy variable.
B) a categorical variable.
C) an ordinal variable.
D) an interval-ration level variable.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-The variable DEGREE is best described as:

A) a dummy variable.
B) a categorical variable.
C) an ordinal variable.
D) an interval-ration level variable.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-In general, as respondents' educational attainment increases, the percentage of those who say they "pay rent" for their current home:

A) decreases
B) increases
C) stays about the same

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-For respondents with less than a high school education, the modal category for the variable DWELOWN is:

A) owns or is buying
B) pays rent
C) other
D) cannot be determined by the information presented in Figure 8.1

Question 5

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-What percentage of respondents with a graduate degree owned their home or were in the process of buying it?

A) 44%
B) 62.7%
C) 74.6%
D) 83%

Question 6

A team of researchers is interested to know whether educational attainment affects the likelihood of owning or renting a home. They create a cross-tab with DWELOWN (Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?") and DEGREE (respondents' highest educational degree), using a filter of "YEAR (2010-2014)." Figure 8.1 shows the resulting analysis.
-Which of the following statements best interprets the value of 16.4 in Figure 8.1?

A) Approximately 16 people with a graduate degree reported that they were currently renting.
B) 16.4 % of those who were currently renting their homes reported holding a graduate degree.
C) 16.4 % of those with a graduate degree reported that they were currently paying rent.
D) Of all respondents represented in the Figure, 16.4 were people who held a graduate degree and were currently renting their homes.

Question 7

A team of researchers is interested to know whether respondents' education is related to their personal income. They conduct a comparison of means with the variable REALINC (Respondent's personal annual income, measured in dollars) as the dependent variable and DEGREE as the "Row" variable, and use a filter of YEAR (2010-2014). The resulting analysis is shown in Figure 8.2
-The value of 16,164.88 in Figure 8.2 indicates that:

A) Approximately 16,165 respondents reported holding less than a high school degree in survey years 2012 - 2014.
B) Approximately 16% of respondents reported holding less than a high school degree in survey years 2012 - 2014.
C) Among respondents with less than a high school degree, the modal category for personal income was $16,165 per year
D) On average, respondents with less than a high school degree reported personal incomes of approximately $16,165 per year, in survey years 2012 - 2014.

Question 8

A team of researchers is interested to know whether respondents' education is related to their personal income. They conduct a comparison of means with the variable REALINC (Respondent's personal annual income, measured in dollars) as the dependent variable and DEGREE as the "Row" variable, and use a filter of YEAR (2010-2014). The resulting analysis is shown in Figure 8.2
-In survey years 2012 - 2014, respondents who reported that their highest degree was a bachelor's degree, had an average score of approximately _______ on the variable REALINC.

A) 54,464
B) 2,488
C) 1,077
D) cannot be determined from Table 8.1

Question 9

A team of researchers is interested to know whether respondents' education is related to their personal income. They conduct a comparison of means with the variable REALINC (Respondent's personal annual income, measured in dollars) as the dependent variable and DEGREE as the "Row" variable, and use a filter of YEAR (2010-2014). The resulting analysis is shown in Figure 8.2
-Which of the following best describes the relationship between REALINC and DEGREE, based on Figure 8.2?

A) There is a negative relationship between REALINC and DEGREE.
B) There is a positive relationship between REALINC and DEGREE.
C) There is no clear relationship between REALINC and DEGREE.

Question 10

A team of researchers is interested to know whether respondents' education is related to their personal income. They conduct a comparison of means with the variable REALINC (Respondent's personal annual income, measured in dollars) as the dependent variable and DEGREE as the "Row" variable, and use a filter of YEAR (2010-2014). The resulting analysis is shown in Figure 8.2
-Which of the following statements is true, based on Figure 8.2?

A) Most respondents represented in the Figure held a Bachelor's degree or higher
B) On average, respondents with a bachelor's degree earn more than $20,000 more per year compared to those whose highest degree is a high school degree.
C) Approximately 29% of respondents reported holding a high school degree (but no higher degree) in survey years 2012 - 2014.
D) As respondents' educational attainment increases, respondents' personal income tends to decrease.