Deck 6: Empire and Resistance, 1763-1776

Question 1

At the end of the French and Indian War, Britain gained new colonial territories as well as

A)huge debts.
B)the loss of loyalty from Canadians.
C)a Caribbean rebellion over lack of direct representation in Parliament.
D)gratitude from all the colonists.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

During the 1770s the Chesapeake area led in exports through the production of ________________, which made up 25% of all American exports.

A)rice
B)pine tar
C)tobacco
D)indigo

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Britain sought increased trade opportunities with the West Indies in order to

A)help support the lifestyle of the new King George III.
B)finance trade deficits.
C)prevent the colonists from engaging in the West Indies slave trade.
D)support the finally strapped Royal Navy.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

George Grenville, as the new prime minister of Great Britain,

A)created policies to help the colonists become more independent.
B)decided to leave the colonists alone and concentrate on restoring the British treasury.
C)reduced colonial taxes.
D)created unpopular policies aimed at raising British revenue.

Question 5

An Indian uprising, led by the Ottawa chief _________, was initially successful but ultimately led to the Indians' defeat.

A)Neolin
B)Pontiac
C)Geronimo
D)Pitcairn

Question 6

How did the British attempt to exert control over the Indians?

A)forcing them to convert to Christianity
B)moving them to reservations
C)restricting their fur trade
D)discontinuing trade with them

Question 7

One of the outcomes of the peace of 1763 was a shift in colonial land ownership which included the

A)French acquiring New Orleans.
B)Spanish losing Havana, Cuba.
C)British acquiring Florida.
D)French acquiring St. Augustine.

Question 8

Colonial reforms implemented by the Spanish crown in 1765

A)increased the power of the Jesuits and Catholic friars.
B)targeted Creole families.
C)encouraged colonial trade monopolies.
D)benefitted the indigenous populations of Spanish America.

Question 9

By the 1760s most colonists saw themselves as

A)becoming independent from the British.
B)relying more heavily on the British Parliament for protection.
C)removed from Enlightenment thinking.
D)part of the British Empire.

Question 10

One of the reasons the colonists were so opposed to the Stamp Act of 1765 was because

A)it was an indirect tax on the colonists.
B)the colonists did not want to pay any taxes to the British.
C)it signaled a change in Parliamentary authority over the colonies.
D)it affected only those who engaged in written correspondence.

Question 11

Grenville enforced the Stamp Act by

A)appointing colonists as stamp distributers.
B)military force.
C)threatening the colonies with further trade restrictions.
D)compromising with the colonists.

Question 12

As a member of the _____________, Samuel Adams took the lead in Boston's resistance against British authority.

A)Loyal Nine
B)Sons of Liberty
C)Stamp Act Congress
D)Paxton Boys

Question 13

In 1765 colonial delegates gathered in New York to

A)discuss the probability of a revolution against British authority.
B)protest taxes on imperial trade.
C)agree that they no longer needed to show allegiance to the king.
D)protest their lack of representation in Parliament.

Question 14

The right of Parliament to tax the colonies was an argument

A)that resulted in Parliament giving the colonists the right to tax themselves.
B)that led to fierce discussions but little physical resistance among the colonists.
C)in which Whig leader William Pitt took the side of the colonists.
D)which led to strong enforcement of the Stamp Act.

Question 15

Although Parliament repealed some of the legislation proposed by Grenville,

A)it still claimed the authoritative right to tax the colonies.
B)American colonists were not satisfied and maintained that the King's authority did not extend to the American colonies.
C)Parliament continued to assert its right to tax but not the authority to pass any other laws for the colonies.
D)it refused to repeal the Stamp Act.

Question 16

The "regulators" of western North Carolina were mainly upset about

A)Parliament's policy against the Indians.
B)the drop in indigo prices.
C)regulation of commerce by the elite.
D)high taxes on farmers.

Question 17

During the 1760s tension within the colonies

A)Subsided due to an increased spirit of cooperation
B)Did not affect the authority of the imperial officials
C)Was mostly confined to the eastern colonies due to slavery issues
D)Increased over land rights in the western areas of the colonies.

Question 18

By the 1760s most American colonists were beginning to realize that

A)They continued to need the British for protection against increasing Indian violence.
B)They possessed the economic clout to provoke changes.
C)Consumerism was detrimental to their spiritual development.
D)Their position in the global trade network was shaky.

Question 19

What was the main way colonists successfully resisted the Townshend Acts?

A)Refusing to pay any taxes to Great Britain.
B)Making due with homespun items and cloth.
C)Throwing English tea in the harbor.
D)Building factories to produce their own goods.

Question 20

The boycotting of certain goods from Great Britain by the American colonists

A)had little effect on the colonists.
B)did not disrupt the lifestyle of enslaved people.
C)was supported by all colonists who were united in these actions.
D)created hardship in the West Indies due to the decline in the sugar trade.

Question 21

The non-importation movement appealed to women because

A)it released restrictions on the role women could play in politics.
B)they could participate in boycotts by creating homespun clothing.
C)there were no women shopkeepers so they didn't feel the economic sacrifice.
D)men did not expect them to participate in the boycotts.

Question 22

How did the colonists react to the Quartering Act imposed by Parliament?

A)The soldiers were welcome additions to the towns because they provided a much needed labor force.
B)They were happy to have a standing army to protect them.
C)Mostly colonists resented the soldiers' presence.
D)Housing British soldiers was considered a privilege.

Question 23

As a result of the Boston Massacre

A)The British were severely punished in a British court.
B)Leaders of the Sons of Liberty were arrested, tried and hung.
C)The colonists' opinion of the British deteriorated.
D)Many British soldiers defected to the American cause.

Question 24

The case of John Wilkes, who was accused of libeling King George III,

A)showed that political issues can be solved through compromise.
B)underscored the use of violence to address a protest.
C)emphasized the right of the British government to curtail freedom of the press.
D)was used as an example by those North American colonists who believed speech should be curtailed.

Question 25

The use of the word "________", which appears in many of the written discussions of the Coercive Acts, indicates how concerned the colonists were about losing their personal liberties.

A)Slave
B)Prisoner
C)Captive
D)Hostage

Question 26

Where did the opening battle of the Revolutionary War take place?

A)Boston
B)Concord
C)Lexington
D)New York

Question 27

The purpose for convening the Second Continental Congress in May of 1775 was to

A)Declare war on Great Britain
B)Vote on articles of secession
C)Organize a new type of government for the colonies
D)Organize a Continental Army

Question 28

The colonial military strategy during 1775 included

A)Invading Canada to ensure Canadian support
B)Freeing all slaves if they promised to support the colonial cause
C)A quick victory to drive the British out of North America
D)Gaining military support from the Caribbean colonies

Question 29

King George III's reaction to the "Olive Branch Petition"

A)Indicated that the King was willing to listen to the concerns of the colonists
B)Proved to the colonists that there was no hope for compromise
C)Caused a major defection of British citizens to the American cause
D)Caused the few remaining Loyalists in the colonies to join the colonial cause

Question 30

What made the Declaration of Independence a unique document?

A)It stated the concerns of the colonists about their rights and privileges.
B)It was an original document and did not draw on any previous documents for inspiration.
C)The colonists listed their grievances and asserted their right to sovereignty.
D)It guaranteed the success of the Revolutionary War.

Question 31

As the newly crowned King of Britain, George III

A)took the throne at a time of unprecedented British prosperity.
B)attempted to institute colonial reforms.
C)gained the loyalty of the colonists by reducing taxes.
D)was the only European monarch to gain colonial territory after the French and Indian War.

Question 32

What was one significant reason that Jewish and Quaker merchants became especially prosperous in North America?

A)They did not believe in spending their money on entertainment.
B)They were made up of mostly single men who had no families to support.
C)They had a strong support network.
D)They relied on one lucrative crop for trade.

Question 33

Following the French and Indian War, the British realized that

A)an increase in property taxes from the British upper class would help finance other colonial ventures.
B)they needed stricter control over the colonists and Indians.
C)economically, they needed to decrease their exports to non-colonial countries.
D)the colonists should be given economic freedom since they were generating so much revenue for the Crown.

Question 34

Most of the restrictions the British placed on the colonies were attempts to

A)control trade.
B)reduce the amount of political freedoms the colonists had come to expect.
C)strictly enforce the social hierarchy.
D)provide the colonists with continued protection against other countries.

Question 35

In what way did American cities change during the 18^th century?

A)There was a sharp decline in poverty.
B)American cities grew as a result of increased trade.
C)People in the cities tended to live in well-defined social areas.
D)Cities shrank as a result of continued western migration.

Question 36

Part of Grenville's strategy for England included

A)decreasing the power of colonial customs officials to pacify the colonists.
B)lowering the regulations of the Molasses Act.
C)increasing the taxes for all English residents.
D)proposing colonial legislation that would increase England's revenue.

Question 37

The Sugar Act of 1764

A)was designed to lessen controls on the colonists in return for an increased share of export revenue.
B)tightened controls only on the colonial sugar trade.
C)upset colonists by curtailing the importation of rum.
D)decreased the need for smuggling.

Question 38

As a result of the British victory in the French and Indian War

A)there was a revival of Indian resistance.
B)the British encouraged the Indians to remain on their land.
C)all the French were forced out of North America.
D)all trade between the Indians and Europeans ceased.

Question 39

One of the ways the British dealt with Indian uprisings was to

A)encourage western settlement, to remove the Indians from eastern colonies.
B)provide financial support for resettlement.
C)encourage colonists to settle west of the Appalachians.
D)establish a peace agreement with Pontiac in 1766.

Question 40

The incident of the Paxton Boys indicates that colonists in western Pennsylvania were

A)becoming more divided between the rich and the poor.
B)concerned about the availability of land.
C)becoming less tolerant of the Indians.
D)protected by the royal colonial government in their dealings with the Indians.

Question 41

After 1763 Spain began reforming its colonial empire through a series of actions referred to as the

A)Townshend Duties.
B)Bourbon Reforms.
C)Spanish Colonial Reforms.
D)Galvez Reforms.

Question 42

How did the European Enlightenment influence American colonists?

A)It supported the idea of royal authority.
B)Colonists became increasingly concerned about personal liberties.
C)Enlightenment thought emphasized the good of the community instead of individualism.
D)It had no affect on the colonists.

Question 43

Grenville's argument for the authority to tax the colonists centered around the concept of

A)virtual representation of the colonists in Parliament.
B)actual representation of the colonists in Parliament.
C)The colonists having no legal right to be represented in Parliament.
D)Parliament having the absolute power over royal authority to determine what was best for the colonies.

Question 44

Colonial resistance to the increase of British authority

A)was led by the well-to-do because their business interests were jeopardized.
B)involved only the poor merchants who could not afford the tax increases.
C)resulted in a joint effort by both the rich and poor.
D)was minimal, especially in Boston.

Question 45

As a way of curtailing colonial protests against the Stamp Act, the Virginia governor

A)allowed the colonists to form peaceful resistance groups.
B)entered into a compromise with the colonists regarding the types of goods that would be taxed.
C)posted the British army around the Virginia House of Burgesses.
D)dissolved the Virginia assembly.

Question 46

As a result of the Stamp Act Congress of 1765

A)Colonial resisters were forced to acknowledge the British Parliament as the supreme authority.
B)Colonists experienced a sense of unity and cooperation.
C)Colonists split over who had authority in the colonies.
D)Legal action was taken by the colonists against tax collectors.

Question 47

Parliament's reaction to colonial opposition to the Stamp Act included

A)repealing the Stamp Act.
B)sending in additional military forces to subdue the revolts.
C)temporarily abolishing all colonial taxes.
D)withdrawing all previous legislative acts that pertained to parliamentary control.

Question 48

In 1767 Parliament, in an effort to reassert its control on the colonies and increase revenues, issued a series of taxes called the

A)Parliamentary Acts.
B)Colonial Acts.
C)Townshend Acts.
D)Declaratory Acts.

Question 49

In 1769, several colonies united in protesting the Townshend Acts by signing formal ________________ agreements.

A)non-importation
B)world trade
C)non-tax
D)export

Question 50

The decline in the amount of tea imported by the colonists

A)had little effect since most colonists drank rum or coffee.
B)was particularly difficult for the women who used tea as part of a social ritual.
C)created a hardship only for the rich families.
D)mostly affected colonists who lived in the country.

Question 51

The Boston Massacre inflamed public opinion because

A)an engraving was published that depicted the British soldiers as murderers.
B)most of the city of Boston was destroyed.
C)the British soldiers threw gallons of tea into the harbor.
D)it involved the killing of hundreds of men, women and children.

Question 52

Although he repealed most of the Townshend duties, Lord North kept the tax on tea because

A)it generated huge profits to Great Britain.
B)the British wanted to support Chinese tea growers.
C)it reinforced the supremacy of Parliament.
D)King George insisted on the tax.

Question 53

The Committees of Correspondence was created to

A)review all correspondence between the colonists and the British.
B)create local laws that would override British laws.
C)promote discourse among the well-to-do colonists.
D)provide a communications network between colonies.

Question 54

After a few years of relative peace in 1773 Parliament passed the Tea Act which

A)raised the price of tea.
B)Forbade colonists to buy tea from any company other than the East India Company.
C)eliminated all taxes on tea.
D)gave the colonists the right to buy tea from any company if they paid a surcharge to the British government.

Question 55

A series of Coercive Acts in 1774

A)were intended to isolate Massachusetts.
B)further divided the colonists between those who were and were not sympathetic to the British.
C)were meant as a punishment to all colonies on the east coast.
D)were authorized to diminish the authority of the British Parliament in the colonies.

Question 56

The First Continental Congress, which met in September 1774 in Philadelphia,

A)showed that most colonists were ready for independence.
B)was attended by representatives from all the colonies, including those in the Caribbean.
C)was intended to oppose the Coercive Acts.
D)met to discuss the possibility of ending boycotts as a gesture of respect to the King.

Question 57

As a result of the Battle of Bunker Hill,

A)the colonists realized they were no match for the British.
B)the British suffered their heaviest casualties of the entire war.
C)the British were driven from Boston.
D)the colonists won a decisive victory that almost ended the war.

Question 58

By the Spring of 1776 the Second Continental Congress changed its focus to include

A)the possibility of independence from Great Britain.
B)the probability of resolving their issues and compromising with Great Britain.
C)the possibility that the colonies would declare independence from each other.
D)the probability that all other European countries would join their cause.

Question 59

During the Revolutionary War, the Spanish were adjusting their control in North America

A)by allowing more independence to the immigrants in the Spanish colonies and reducing the authority of the monarchy.
B)through the Franciscans, who were expanding their influence in California.
C)by curtailing immigration in Mexico and Northern California.
D)by relinquishing contact with the Indians.

Question 60

The Independence movement in the American colonies began as early as 1763 and was

A)conceived by the elitist colonists who supported Enlightenment thought.
B)begun by ordinary men and women who believed in the concept of representation.
C)discouraged by preachers who did not embrace independent thought.
D)supported by a variety of people who in their own way demanded American liberty.

Question 61

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Navigation Acts
2. George III
3. Salutary neglect
4. Sir William Johnson
5. Neolin
6. Sugar Act 1764
7. Loyal Nine
8. Proclamation of 1763
9. Paxton Boys
10. Quartering Act

Question 62

Although each colony had its own unique characteristics, one thing they had in common was

A)they all depended heavily on indentured servants for their workforce.
B)all colonies engaged in manufacturing as their main source of revenue.
C)they needed trade with the Indians to survive.
D)they exported more than they imported.

Question 63

The French and Indian War, which took place in North America,

A)Did not involve any territorial concessions in Europe.
B)Included only the British against the Indians.
C)Affected the budgets of both the British and Spanish monarchy.
D)Caused the French to gain additional territory in North America.

Question 64

What effect did the growth of American cities have on the colonists?

A)Cities became centers of political discussion.
B)The largest cities experienced a tremendous boost in wealth.
C)Colonists were not as anxious to pursue westward expansion.
D)The class division in society was not as noticeable.

Question 65

As the British were tightening control on the colonists, their relationship with the Indians

A)Became more lenient.
B)Was aimed at finding a mutually acceptable solution to the problem of land expansion.
C)Deteriorated because the British tried to exert more control over western advancement.
D)Did not change because the British basically ignored the Indians.

Question 66

The emergence of Enlightenment ideas in the 1760s

A)was confined to Europe and not a factor in colonial thinking for many decades.
B)challenged popular beliefs on human rights and individualism.
C)emphasized the concept of the monarchy as an "enlightened" form of government.
D)questioned religious beliefs but upheld the current standards of political theory.

Question 67

One of the issues that Grenville's legislation was designed to control was

A)colonial printing of paper money.
B)the amount of British exports to North America.
C)the trading tactics between the colonists and the Indians.
D)the number of British emigrants to the colonies.

Question 68

How did the colonists express their displeasure with the Stamp Act?

A)They discussed it among themselves but did not take any action against the British.
B)They wrote letters to King George in an effort to convince him to reconsider the Act.
C)The Virginia House of Burgesses drew up resolutions of protest.
D)Colonists treated stamp distributors with respect hoping to gain their loyalty.

Question 69

By the end of 1769 the Townshend Duties

A)became so successful they were continued for several more years.
B)were successful in raising revenue but were politically unpopular in Parliament.
C)had no effect on either the colonists or the British.
D)resulted in increased smuggling by the colonists, especially with the Dutch.

Question 70

As the colonists became more vocal in their protest of British controls,

A)they realized they had no support from British citizens.
B)some members of Parliament began to sympathize with the colonists.
C)King George III realized he needed to take control because Parliament had gone too far in their legislative regulations.
D)their trade with other countries declined.

Question 71

The resistance of the colonists turned into a full-blown revolution

A)immediately following the passage of the Coercive Acts.
B)after George III refused to acknowledge the Olive Branch Petition.
C)when the colonists decided to dump tea into the Boston Harbor.
D)because the colonists refused to house British soldiers.

Question 72

Why did the British initially ignore many of the restrictions they placed on the colonists in the mid 18^th century?

Question 73

What were the main arguments colonists used to object to the increased taxes imposed by Parliament?

Question 74

How did the conflicts between the colonials and the British affect the Indians?

Question 75

In what ways did the colonists attempt to peacefully reconcile their differences with the British monarchy?

Question 76

What part did Boston play in instigating the American Revolution?

Question 77

Explain what factors caused the relationship between the colonists and the British to deteriorate so rapidly following the French and Indian War.

Question 78

Based on the information given in Chapter 6, explain who was ultimately responsible for the push for revolution, the colonists or the British?

Question 79

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Charles III
2. Townshend Duties
3. Sons of Liberty
4. Pontiac
5. Regulators
6. General William Howe
7. Virtual representation
8. Ethan Allen
9. Andrew Oliver
10. John Locke

Question 80

Following the French and Indian War, renewed interest in the colonies was a result of

A)British pride in what the colonists had achieved.
B)the desire of the British to help the colonists solve their problems with the Indians.
C)the need for the British to reduce war debts.
D)wanting to protect the colonists from further French invasions.