Deck 3: Sexualities

Question 1

What do The Vagina Monologues and Little Sister demonstrate?

A) That popular culture can be used to combat oppressive images of sexuality
B) The importance of novels in the construction of sexuality
C) The way that popular music can present problematic views of female biology
D) That the family is central to the reproduction of sexuality in its contemporary manifestations

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is the effect of abstinence-only sex education programs?

A) They work very well: young people who take abstinence vows tend to keep them and to have incomparably low rates of sexually transmitted diseases.
B) There is no evidence that they work; rather, they spread misinformation and their participants have the same rates of sexually transmitted diseases.
C) While they do not tend to decrease rates of sexually transmitted diseases in their participants, they do an outstanding job of disseminating information about sexuality to young people.
D) They have almost no effect, positive or negative: studies show that teens nationwide ignore them altogether.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

According to Laumann et al.'s study, how do different levels of gender equality correlate to sexual satisfaction?

A) They do not correlate: sexual satisfaction actually correlates more to socioeconomic status than to gender equality.
B) In nations where women have relatively more equality with men, women report high levels of satisfaction and men report low levels of satisfaction.
C) In nations in where women have relatively more equality with men, sexual satisfaction is relatively high for both men and women.
D) Higher sexual satisfaction for men and women was found to correlate to matriarchal cultures.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

How are attitudes about sex changing in America?

A) They have remained relatively constant over the past 50 years.
B) They have become very liberal in comparison to other nations.
C) They are liberal in comparison to other nations, but they are becoming more conservative.
D) They are conservative in comparison to other nations, but they are becoming more liberal.

Question 5

What were some of the tenets of mid-twentieth-century feminist sexual liberation?

A) Access to birth control and safe, legal abortions
B) Free sexuality and the right to pleasure
C) The right to say no to sex and the sexual option of lesbianism
D) All of the above

Question 6

Is "hooking up" culture an extension of women's sexual liberation?

A) Yes: women experience equal satisfaction to men and are effectively equal in these relationships.
B) Not necessarily: it can offer women some benefits, but it reproduces certain gender inequalities of dating culture.
C) No: "hooking up" is unequivocally harmful to women, who would benefit from a relationship culture.
D) Yes, however "hooking up" demonstrates the fallacies of "sexual liberation," which involved a belief that saying "yes" to sex meant saying "no" to power.

Question 7

What are some ways that the sexual double standard in the United States is racialized?

A) Both black men and women are hypersexualized in stereotypes of these groups.
B) Black men are subject to extreme surveillance and punishment with regard to sexual norms.
C) Both a and b.
D) Neither of the above: according to the idea of intersectionality, it is a mistake to confuse race with sexuality.

Question 8

What is the flaw of biological frameworks for sexuality?

A) The research on which they are based is not valid, and they problematically ignore the plasticity of human sexuality.
B) They authorize homophobic understandings of the origin of sexuality.
C) They offer claims solely about bodies and ignore emotional, spiritual, and political aspects of sexuality.
D) They are based almost entirely on studies of animals, and they glean their conclusions from an assumption that animal sexuality correlates precisely with human sexuality.

Question 9

What do pro-sex feminists claim about pornography?

A) That pornography can have benefits for women; women are sexual agents, subjects and not objects, who make choices and decisions about their bodies and sexualities
B) That sex is sacred, so pornography degrades it by oppressing and victimizing women
C) That sexuality is the source of women's subordination in society, and pornography is an instrument of power that reinforces women's oppression
D) That the performances of professional pornography actors allow for a cultural reimagining of feminism, in their unconventional relationship to sexuality and gender.

Question 10

What is the underlying issue of sex trafficking that makes it so difficult to protect sex workers and inhibit the industry?

A) The reluctance of so many nations to legalize sex work
B) The reluctance of so many nations to declare sex work illegal
C) Policy frequently ignores sex workers' agency, producing a situation in which the program for change corresponds more to the aims of policymakers than to the needs of sex workers.
D) The global capitalist economy that forces some people to become sex workers and move to nations where restrictive immigration laws prevent them from obtaining other kinds of work

Question 11

In the 1950s, ________ helped to normalize the idea that "real" men could be sexually active and lead enjoyable lives without being married.

A) Playboy magazine
B) The women's liberation movement
C) The gay liberation movement
D) The sexual revolution

Question 12

In _________ nations, men rate the importance of sex higher than women do, but but women and men rate their satisfaction with sexual relations at same at 67% and their satisfaction with their own sexual ability the same at 80%.

A) Middle Eastern
B) East Asian
C) African
D) Western

Question 13

In 1939, 10% of Americans reported that they approved of men and women having premarital sex. Today ________ approve.

A) 25%
B) 40%
C) 69%
D) 89%

Question 14

The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm rejects the Freudian idea of orgasm through vaginal penetration as superior and "mature" because _________.

A) it is physically impossible for a person with a vagina to orgasm through vaginal penetration alone.
B) it prioritizes heterosexual sex that is pleasurable for men
C) most of Freud's ideas have been disproven and are no longer relevant to the field of psychology
D) None of the above.

Question 15

What is compulsory heterosexuality?

A) The organization of society around heterosexual marriage and families to such an extent that it seems natural and other options become invisible
B) The evolutionary drive to procreate through heterosexual sex
C) The decision of women to associate with other women to varying degrees in order to meet their economic, social, and romantic/sexual needs
D) Laws which enforce heterosexuality by making homosexuality illegal or by making family formation without heterosexuality very difficult.

Question 16

What is Adrienne Rich's concept describing an array of associations that women can have with other women which allow them to live without reliance upon men and heterosexual marriage?

A) Intersectionality
B) Compulsory heterosexuality
C) Womanism
D) The Lesbian continuum

Question 17

One result of valuing virginity more than women is greater instances of "_______ crimes," where women are killed or mutilated for behavior their families find immoral.

A) honor
B) down-low
C) double standard
D) marriage

Question 18

Anti-miscegenation laws existed in the United States until the 1960s. What did they outlaw?

A) The buying and selling of alcohol
B) The buying and selling of alcohol among women
C) Interracial marriage
D) The ability of Native Americans to buy land outside of reservations

Question 19

What does the down-low or DL refer to?

A) Secretiveness surrounding sexual activities among unmarried women in regions of the world where virginity is often a requirement for marriage
B) Men who have sex with other men but who hide their homosexuality due to cultural persecution
C) Gay men and lesbians who abstain from sexual activity in accordance with sexual norms but who do not denounce their homosexuality
D) None of the above

Question 20

Sexuality is constructed differently along the lines of social status, including socioeconomic class. Which of the following is true regarding differences observed in middle-class versus lower-income exotic dance clubs?

A) Performers in lower-income clubs wore more obvious make-up.
B) Performers in lower-income clubs were more diverse in terms of weight and body size.
C) Performers in lower-income clubs were more likely to view men as having little control over their sexual urges.
D) All of the above.

Question 21

The Stonewall Rebellion in 1969 is often understood as the beginning of the gay liberation movement in the United States. What did this event entail?

A) Politician Harvey Stonewall famously overturned California's anti-sodomy laws.
B) Patrons at a gay night club, the Stonewall Inn, engaged in a stand-off against police who tried to arrest them under anti-sodomy laws.
C) Dr. Bruce Stonewall helped stage a revolt inside a conference for the National Psychiatric Association which resulted in homosexuality being declassified as a mental illness.
D) Activists likened sexism to the oppression of gays and lesbians and built a human barricade preventing people from attending the Miss American pageant.

Question 22

In relationship to the sexual script, sociologist Pepper Schwartz observes that:

A) there are 8 general rules for successfully performing heterosexuality.
B) biology is used to naturalize male dominance and female submission.
C) there are many cultures that do not have social rules for how, when, and with whom individuals should have sex.
D) how one performs their sexuality is contingent upon their testosterone levels.

Question 23

Which of the following is a theoretical position which sees fixed sexual roles and identities as oppressive constructions and seeks to blur the boundaries between identity categories like gay and straight?

A) Social Constructionism
B) Queer theory
C) Structural Functionalism
D) Conflict theory

Question 24

Dines and Jensen (2004) find that three themes in the way women's sexuality is represented in heterosexual pornography. Which of the following is NOT one of the themes identified?

A) Any woman who does not at first realize her desire for sex can be easily persuaded with a little force.
B) All women want sex from men.
C) Women like all the sexual acts that men perform or demand.
D) Women rarely have orgasms.

Question 25

Which of the following represents a feminist perspective on pornography?

A) Pornography is degrading to women and abuses many industry workers and should be outlawed.
B) Making pornography illegal threatens freedom of speech, no matter how damaging a form of media it is.
C) Pornography may represent possibilities for women's sexual liberation.
D) All of the above.